Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 285. Index

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1 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 285 Index A AB 1-5. See Ability to Perform Ability to Perform. See also specific process area, elements Common Features, Generic Practices, AB 1 Establish a Defined Process (GP 3.1), 102 AB 2 Plan the Process (GP 2.2), 102 AB 3 Provide Resources (GP 2.3), 103 AB 4 Assign Responsibility (GP 2.4), 103 AB 5 Train People (GP 2.5), 103 Active voice, for practices, 63 ADP Inc., 54 Advanced Practices, 95, 124, 126 Advertising Maturity rating, 45 Air Force, 54, 277 AINSI/EIA 632, 51 American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 277 Angelou, Maya, 169 Appraisal Method Integrated Team, 173 Appraisal Requirements for CMMI (ARC), , 173, 176. See also Appraisals Appraisals. See also SCAMPI authors perspective, avoiding big bang timing, 32 classes of, 170, CMM for Software, 49 continuous models, 76, 77 discovery and verification modes, 174 durations, independence, 34 informative materials, legacy sources, mini/continuous, 32, partial staging, process improvement, requirements, sample timeline, 177, 178 staged models, 73, 77 tailoring, usage of, 32 ARC, , 173, 176. See also Appraisals Army, 54 Artifacts, and SCAMPI, 174 Assign Responsibility generic practice (GP 2.4) Ability to Perform common feature (AB 4), 103 capability dimension, 96, 98 maturity dimension, 103 AT&T Labs, 54 B BAE Systems, 54 Baldrige, Malcolm Quality Program, 15, 195 Bartlett, John, 57 Base Practices, 95, 126, 222 Bate, Roger, 51 Berra, Yogi, 105 Bidding estimates, 45 Big bang timing (of appraisals), 32 Boehm, Barry, 185 Boeing,

2 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Britcher, Robert, 3, 10 Business objectives/goals, 6 8, 28, C Capability, 72, 92 Capability dimension, 88 93, Capability Levels in continuous model, 104 described, 75, equivalent staging, not yet level 1, 89 partially staged model, similarity to Maturity Levels, 93 CL 0 (Not Performed), 88 89, 95 CL 1 (Performed), 89 90, 95 CL 2 (Managed), 90 91, CL 3 (Defined), 90, 91, CL 4 (Quantitatively Managed), 90, 92, CL 5 (Optimizing), 90, 92 93, Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI). See CMMI model; CMMI team Capability profiles, 76, 190 Carnegie Mellon University, Software Engineering Institute (SEI). See SEI Causal Analysis and Resolution process area (CAR) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 140 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, related process areas, 147 staged model, 81 CBA IPI, 49, 170 Checklist mentality, 32 Chesapeake Bay, 38, 39 Choosing a CMMI model, CL 1-5. See Capability Levels Clark, William, 151 Class A, B, and C appraisals, 170, See also SCAMPI CM. See Configuration Management process area (CM) CMM Appraisal Framework, 49 CMM-Based Appraisal for Internal Process Improvement (CBA IPI), 49, 170 CMM for Software appraisals, 49, capability evolution, 104 CMMI source model, 48 described, 13 Discipline Amplifications, FAA-iCMM, 15 overview, process areas, 59, staged models, 71, 73, 164 success, caused proliferation of models, 4 version 1.0, 1.1, 2.0 published, 49 CMMI. See CMMI model; CMMI project CMMI Forevermore (poem), CMMI: Guidelines for Process Integration and Product Improvement, 86 CMMI model active/passive voice, 63 and business objectives, 6, change and stability, 201 dealing with complexity, discipline independence, document map, 68, 69, 70 enterprise-wide process improvement, executive overview level, 60 expected and required materials, 60, goals, 61, 63 improvable process infrastructure, 43 IPPD process areas, learning to interpret, 57 legacy process improvement assets, 31 manager overview level, 60 managerial processes, 42 number of process areas, 58 objectives, overview, 42 44

3 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 287 Index 287 partial staging, practices, 63, 179 process area, representation independence, process materials, published resources, 186 single source approach, 86 support processes, 43 tailoring, technical processes, universal, CMMI team choice of process areas, 58 60, configuration control board, 55 FAA-iCMM, 15 future, 183, , history, IPD-CMM, 14 ISO 9000, 34 Lean organizations, 20, legacy models, milestones, 47 organization, Product Team, 55 source models, 48 53, Stakeholder Group, 53 Steering Group, 53 Team, 53, 55, 58 60, 77 CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD model, 48, 157 CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD/SS model CMMI Glossary (Model appendix C), 62 CMMI model disciplines, 158 CMMI Required and Expected Elements (Model appendix D), 60 number of process areas, 105 number of Specific Goals, 61, 63 number of Specific Practices, 63 CMMI-SE/SW model, 154 CMMI Steward, 175 CMMI-SW model, 154 CO 1 Establish Organizational Policy (GP 2.1). See Commitment to Perform Collect Improvement Information generic practice (GP 3.2) capability dimension, 99, 100 Directing Implementation common feature (DI 4), 103 maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 Comarco Systems, 54 Commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS), 27 Commitment to Perform. See also specific process area, elements CO 1 Establish Organizational Policy (GP 2.1), 102 Common Features. See also specific process area, elements Ability to Perform, Commitment to Perform, 102 Directing Implementation, 103 within maturity level structure, 94 Verifying Implementation, 103 AB 1 Establish a Defined Process (GP 3.1), 102 AB 2 Plan the Process (GP 2.2), 102 AB 3 Provide Resources (GP 2.3), 103 AB 4 Assign Responsibility (GP 2.4), 103 AB 5 Train People (GP 2.5), 103 CO 1 Establish Organizational Policy (GP 2.1), 102 DI 1 Manage Configurations (GP 2.6), 103 DI 2 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders (GP 2.7), 103 DI 3 Monitor and Control the Process (GP 2.8), 103 DI 4 Collect Improvement Information (GP 3.2), 103 VI 1 Objectively Evaluate Adherence (GP 2.9), 103 VI 2 Review Status with Higher-Level Management (GP 2.10), 103 Computer Sciences Corporation, 54 Concurrent engineering, Configuration Management process area (CM) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 135 described,

4 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Configuration Management process area (CM) (cont.) elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 Continuous appraisals, 32, 36 Continuous models Advanced Practices, 95 appraisals, 76, 77 Base Practices, 95 benefits, Capability Levels, 79, 104 described, document map, 69 EIA 731, Engineering process areas, 105, focus on capability, 72, 88 Generic Goals, Generic Practices, , ISO/IEC 15504, 166 mapping to staged model, measuring organizational progress, 104 numbering of practices, 64 Philip B. Crosby, 164 process area grouping, 81 82, 105 Process Management process areas, 81, 105, Project Management process areas, 81, 105, SECM, 71 single capability rating, 165 versus staged model. See Representation, continuous or staged summary, Support process areas, 105, Continuous versus staged representation. See Representation, continuous or staged Correct Common Cause of Problems generic practice (GP 5.2) capability dimension, 101, 102 described, continuous model, 223 related process areas, 148 Corrective Actions Managed specific goal (PMC SG 2), 64 COTS products, 27 Create or Release Baselines specific practice (CM SP 1.3-1), 65 Croesus (King), 183 Crosby, Philip B. CMMI models, 44 continuous models, 164 process improvement history, 5 Quality Management Maturity Grid, 164 staged representation, 73 Cross-discipline teams, Cross-functional teams, 11 Cross, Steve, 187 D Decision Analysis and Resolution process area (DAR) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 139 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 Defects, root cause, 34, 61 62, 64, 102 Defense Logistics Agency, 54 Defined capability level (CL 3), 90, 91, Defined maturity level (ML 3), 93 94, Delphi Oracle, 183 The Delphic Sybil (Buonarotti), 182 Deming, W. Edwards, 3, 5, 44, 202 Department of Defense (DOD) Ada language, 167 Integrity Assurance extension to CMMI, 187 IPPD, 52 maturity level in contracts, 157 need for complex software, 10 SA-CMM, 14 sponsor of CMMI, 41 Department of Energy (US), 187

5 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 289 Index 289 Determine Corrective Actions specific practice (PMC SP 2.1-1), 64 DI 1-4. See Directing Implementation Dilbert, 165 Directing Implementation. See also specific process area, elements Generic Practices, 103 DI 1 Manage Configurations (GP 2.6), 103 DI 2 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders (GP 2.7), 103 DI 3 Monitor and Control the Process (GP 2.8), 103 DI 4 Collect Improvement Information (GP 3.2), 103 Discipline Amplifications, Discipline independence in CMMI model, Disciplines additional, in CMMI model, 155 CMMI-SE/SW model, 154 CMMI-SW model, 154 combinations, in CMMI model, cross-discipline environment, 11 12, 36 extensions in CMMI model, independence, Integrity Assurance, 187 IPPD extensions, 157 new, 20 non-engineering, 156 +SAFE, 187 Supplier Sourcing extensions, 158 Discovery mode, appraisals, 174 Document maps, 68, 69, 70 DOD. See Department of Defense (DOD) DOE, 187 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, 32 E address, for CMMI Distilled, 277 Earned Value Management technical note, 186 EER Systems, 54 EIA, 51, EIA 731 model capability dimension, 88 capability evolution, 104 as CMMI source model, 48, 52 described, 14 development, 51 as example of a continuous model, FAA-iCMM, 15 process areas, 59 SE-CMM, 13 SECAM, 14 EIA/IS 731. See EIA 731 model Einstein, Albert, 169 Eisner, Howard, 50 Elaborations, Generic Practice, 68 Elevator speech, Eliot, George, 153 Engineering environment, 4, 9 11 Engineering process areas Advanced Practices, 124 continuous and staged representations, 124 continuous model, 105, described, listed, with Maturity Levels, 106 partial staging, selection of, 59 Engineering process group (EPG), 29 Ensure Continuous Process Improvement generic practice (GP 5.1), 101, 223 Enterprise Process Improvement Collaboration (EPIC) IPD-CMM, 14 IPPD, 52 SE-CMM, 13, EPG, 29 Equivalent Staging, 77, Ericsson Canada, 54 Ernst and Young, 54 ESI International, 15 Essentials of Project and Systems Engineering Management (Eisner), 50

6 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Establish a Defined Process generic practice (GP 3.1) Ability to Perform common feature (AB 4), 102 capability dimension, Capability Levels, 79 maturity dimension, 102 related process areas, 148 Establish an Organizational Policy generic practice (GP 2.1) capability dimension, 96, 97 Commitment to Perform common feature (CO 1), 102 maturity dimension, 102 Establish Configuration and Change Management specific practice (CM SP 1.2-1), 65 Establish Definition of Measures specific practice (OPP SP 1.2-1), 64 Establish Quality Objectives generic practice (GP 4.1), , 148, 223 European Software Process Improvement Foundation (ESPI), 278 Evaluate Effect of Changes specific practice (CAR SP 2.2-1), 64 Evolution of CMMI model, , Executive management, 25 26, 29, 60 Executive overview, of CMMI model, 60 Expected materials, 60, Expected Performance Established specific goal (OPP SG 1), 61 62, 64, 85 F FAA-iCMM, 15, 278 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) CMMI development, 54 Enterprise-wide process improvement, 193 FAA-iCMM, 15, 278 Integrity Assurance extension to CMMI, 187 Framework Quagmire, 16 17, 18 Functional departments, 12 G Garcia, Suzanne, 27 GEIA, 51 General Dynamics, 54 Generic Goals. See also specific process area, elements by Capability Level, continuous model, defined, inclusion rules, passive voice, 63 per Capability Level, GG 1 (Process is Performed), 222 GG 2 (Process is Managed), 64 65, GG 3 (Process is Defined), 223 GG 4 (Process is Quantitively Managed), 223 GG 5 (Process is Optimizing), 223 Generic Practices. See also Generic Practices (listed by name) Ability to Perform, active voice, 63 capability dimension, Commitment to Perform, 102 continuous model, , defined, 63 Defined Capability Level (CL 3), Directing Implementation, 103 elaborations, 68 inclusion rules, Managed Capability Level (CL 2), maturity dimension, Not Performed Capability Level (CL 0), 95 Optimizing Capability Level (CL 5), Performed Capability Level (CL 1), 95 Quantitatively Managed Capability Level (CL 4),

7 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 291 Index 291 relationships with process areas, scope, staged model, Verifying Implementation, 103 Generic Practices (listed by name). See also specific process area, elements GP 1.1 (Perform Base Practices) in capability dimension, 95 GP 2.1 (Establish an Organizational Policy) in capability dimension, 96, 97 in maturity dimension, 102 GP 2.2 (Plan the Process) Ability to Perform (AB 2), 102 in capability dimension, 96, 97 in maturity dimension, 102 GP 2.3 (Provide Resources) Ability to Perform (AB 3), 103 in capability dimension, 96, 97 in maturity dimension, 103 GP 2.4 (Assign Responsibility) in capability dimension, 96, 98 in maturity dimension, 103 GP 2.5 (Train People) in capability dimension, 96, 98 as example of mapping to goal, in maturity dimension, 103 GP 2.6 (Manage Configurations) in capability dimension, 96, 98 in maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 GP 2.7 (Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders) in capability dimension, 96, 98 in maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 GP 2.8 (Monitor and Control the Process) in capability dimension, 96, in maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 GP 2.9 (Objectively Evaluate Adherence) in capability dimension, 96, 99 in maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 GP 2.10 (Review Status with Higher- Level Management) in capability dimension, 96, 99 in maturity dimension, 103 GP 3.1 (Establish a Defined Process) in capability dimension, and capability levels, 79 in maturity dimension, 102 related process areas, 148 GP 3.2 (Collect Improvement Information) in capability dimension, 99, 100 in maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 GP 4.1 (Establish Quality Objectives) in capability dimension, described, continuous model, 223 related process areas, 148 GP 4.2 (Stabilize Subprocess Performance) in capability dimension, described, continuous model, 223 GP 5.1 (Ensure Continuous Process Improvement) in capability dimension, 101 described, continuous model, 223 GP 5.2 (Correct Common Cause of Problems) in capability dimension, 101 described, continuous model, 223 in maturity dimension, 102 related process areas, 148 Gibran, Kahlil, 161 Gilly, Daniel, 71 Golf, 8 9

8 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Gordian Knot, Government Electronic and Information Technology Association (GEIA), 51 GP See Generic Practices (listed by name) H Harris Corporation, 54 Henry, Patrick, 23 Herodotus, 183 Honeywell, 54 Humphrey, Watts, 44, 48, 49 Huxley, Thomas Henry, 185 I IBM, 7, 48, 49, 54 icmm, 278 Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders generic practice (GP 2.7) capability dimension, 96, 98 Directing Implementation common feature (DI 4), 103 maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 Identify Scope of Configuration Management specific practice (CM SP 1.1-1), 65 IEC, 15 Implementation, Directing. See Directing Implementation Implementation, Verifying. See Verifying Implementation INCOSE CMMI development, 54 resources, 27, 279 SE-CMM, 13 SECAM, 14, 51 systems engineering, 50 Independence, discipline, Informative materials, 60, Initial maturity level (ML 1), Institute for Defense Analyses, 54 Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE), Institutionalization, as defined in CMMI, Integrated process improvement accurate project planning, 36 achievable objectives, 26 aligning with business objectives, 28 appraisals, 32 benefits, 18 21, 36 building, consultants, 27 continuous appraisals, 35 cost accounting system, 35 COTS products, 27 cross-discipline environment, 36 cross-organizational issues, 36 custom development, 27 customers, 31 early use of pilot projects, 35 emphasis on organizational processes, 35 executive support, existing leadership, 30 existing process improvement infrastructure, 30 importance of baseline measurements, INCOSE, 27 legacy efforts, 30 31, 35 leveraging best practices, marketing to doubters, 31 middle management support, 35 mixing Maturity Levels, 35 not model-based, pearls of wisdom, practical advice, principles, real success stories, 30 reduced cycle time, 36 results different, new and legacy disciplines, 31 roles and responsibilities, 28 SEIR, 27 SPIN, 27 starting, steal with pride, 27, 36

9 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 293 Index 293 Steering Group, suppliers, 31 tailoring the model to the business, 35 team development, 29 tough problems, 26 training, use of proven assets, workshop approach, 35 Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD). See IPPD Integrated Product Development CMM (IPD-CMM). See IPD-CMM Integrated Project Management for IPPD process area (IPM for IPPD) context diagram, 120 described, elements, staged model, model choice, 157 related process areas, 115, 146 Integrated Project Management process area (IPM) context diagram, 118 described, Maturity Levels, Integrated Supplier Management process area (ISM) context diagram, 145 described, elements, staged model, model choice, 158 related process areas, 115, 146 Integrated System Diagnostics, 54 Integrated Teaming process area (IT) context diagram, described, elements, staged model, model choice, 157 Integrity Assurance extension to CMMI, 187 International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE). See INCOSE International Electrotechnical Comission (IEC), 15 International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 15 Interpretive Guidance Project, 186 Introductory Note component, 66 IPD-CMM, 14, 48, 52, 71 IPM. See Integrated Project Management process area (IPM) IPM for IPPD. See Integrated Project Management for IPPD process area (IPM for IPPD) IPPD. See also CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD models CMMI development, 55 defined, 53 Department of Defense (DOD), 52 Enterprise Process Improvement Collaboration (EPIC), 52 extensions, 154, 157 issues to consider, 157 Process areas, SE-CMM, 52 source model, 52 ISM. See Integrated Supplier Management process area (ISM) ISO, 15 ISO 2000, 15 ISO 9000 Quality Management System, 15, 33 34, 45, 195 ISO/IEC 12207, 15 ISO/IEC 15288, 15 ISO/IEC CMMI compatibility, 46 continuous model, 166 described, 15 FAA-iCMM, 15 ISO 9000, 34

10 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index ISO/IEC (cont.) SCAMPI, 176 SE-CMM, 51 IT. See Integrated Teaming process area (IT) J Jazz trio, 12 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, 32 Johnson, Samuel, 87 Juran, J.M., 44 K Kennedy, John Fitzgerald, 71 KPMG Consulting, 54 L Lamperti, Giovanni Battista, 23 Lean Aerospace Initiative, 33 Lean organizations, 20, 33, 34 Lean Thinking (Womack and Jones), 20 Legacy models Appraisals, CMMI compatibility objective, 46 Integrated process improvement, 30 31, 35, Lewis and Clark Party at Three Forks (Paxon), 150 Lewis, Meriwether, 151 Litton PRC, 54 Lockheed Martin, 54 M MA. See Measurement and Analysis process area (MA) Machiavelli, 41 Malcolm Baldrige Quality Program, 15, 195 Manage Configurations generic practice (GP 2.6) capability dimension, 96, 98 Directing Implementation common feature (DI 1), 103 maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 Managed capability level (CL 2), 90 91, Managed maturity level (ML 2), 93 94, , Managed Process, Management. See also Review Status with Higher-Level Management generic practice (GP 2.10) avoiding micromanagement, 29 Dilbert, 165 executive, 25 26, 29, 60 middle, 25 26, 29, 35 Manager overview, of CMMI model, 60 Mapping continuous to staged models, Maturity, as mark of staged representation, 72 Maturity dimension, 93 94, Maturity Levels. See also Maturity Levels (listed by name) associated process areas, 80 81, demonstrating, 157 Department of Defense contracts, 157 described, 72 73, equivalent staging, mixing, 35 partially staged model, similarity to Capability Levels, 93 single level in Staged models, 78 single, versus rating profile, structure, 94 Maturity Levels (listed by name) ML 1 (Initial), ML 2 (Managed), 93 94, ,

11 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 295 Index 295 ML 3 (Defined), 93 94, ML 4 (Quantitatively Managed), 93 94, ML 5 (Optimizing), 93 94, Maturity rating, advertising, 45 The Maven, Measurement and Analysis process area (MA) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 138 described, elements, staged model, example of Names component, 66 related process areas, 147 Measurements Aligned with Needs specific goal (MA SG 1), 66 Measurements Aligned with Needs specific goal (PMC SG 2), Method Implementation Guidance (MIG), 186 Middle management, 25 26, 29, 35 Miller, Henry, 41 Mini-appraisals, 32, 35 Ministry of Defence, 187 MitoKen Solutions, 54 MITRE Corporation, 13, 49 ML 1-5. See Maturity Levels (listed by name) Models, CMM-like, Models, continuous or staged. See Representation, continuous or staged Monitor and Control the Process generic practice (GP 2.8) capability dimension, 96, described, continuous model, 222 Directing Implementation common feature (DI 3), 103 maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 Motorola, 54 Murrow, Edward R., 87 N Names component, 66 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 187 National Defense Industrial Association (NDIA), 41, 52, 280 National Reconnaissance Office (U.S.), 54 National Security Agency (U.S.), 14, 54 Navy, 54 NDIA, 41, 52, 280 Negative connotation of Capability Level 1, 89 Nin, Anaïs, 185 Northrop Grumman, 7, 54 Not applicable areas, Not Performed capability level (CL 0), 88 89, 95 Not yet level 1, 89 Notes component, 67 NSA, 14, 54 O Objectively Evaluate Adherence generic practice (GP 2.9) capability dimension, 96, 99 maturity dimension, 103 related process areas, 148 Verifying Implementation common feature (VI 1), 103 OEI. See Organizational Environment for Integration process area (OEI) OID. See Organizational Innovation and Deployment process area (OID) OPD. See Organizational Process Definition process area (OPD) Operational Organizations technical note, 186 OPF. See Organizational Process Focus process area (OPF) OPP. See Organizational Process Performance process area (OPP) Optimizing capability level (CL 5), 90, 92 93, Optimizing maturity level (ML 5), 93 94,

12 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Oracle at Delphi, 183 Organizational Environment for Integration process area (OEI) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 143 described, elements, staged model, model choice, 157 related process areas, 147 Support process areas, 142 Organizational Innovation and Deployment process area (OID) context diagram, described, elements, staged model, staged model, 81 Organizational Process Definition process area (OPD) context diagram, 109 described, elements, staged model, Organizational Process Focus process area (OPF) context diagram, 110 described, elements, staged model, Organizational Process Performance process area (OPP) context diagram, 111 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, staged model, 81 Organizational progress, measuring in continuous model, 104 Organizational Training process area (OT) context diagram, 113 described, elements, staged model, P Pacific Bell, 54 Partial staging, Passive voice, 63 Patton, George S., 105 Pearls of wisdom, People CMM, 14 Perform, Ability to. See Ability to Perform Perform Base Practices generic practice (GP 1.1), 95, 222 Perform, Committment to. See Commitment to Perform Performed capability level (CL 1), 89 90, 95 Permanent record, 32 Phillips, R.W. (Richard), 48 PI. See Product Integration process area (PI) Plan the plan, 97 Plan the Process generic practice (GP 2.2) Ability to Perform (AB 2), 102 capability dimension, 96, 97 maturity dimension, 102 PMBOK, 15 PMC. See Project Monitoring and Control process area (PMC)

13 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 297 Index 297 Pockets of resistance, 30 Poe, Edgar Allan, Poem ( The Maven ), PP. See Project Planning process area (PP) PPQA. See Process and Product Quality Assurance process area (PPQA) Practical Software and Systems Measurement (PSM) project, 280 Practice Implementation Indicators (PIIs), 174 Practice-to-Goal Relationship Table, 66 Process and Product Quality Assurance process area (PPQA) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 136 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 Process areas. See also Process areas (listed by name) by Capability Level, by Category, described, 57 60, 77 Engineering category, 82 generic practices, 147 goals, 58 by Maturity level, 80 81, 105 number of, in CMMI models, 58 practices, 58 Process Management category, 81 Project Management category, 81 purpose, 58 related process areas (table), relationships among, representation independence, Support category, 82 Process areas (listed by name) CAR (Causal Analysis and Resolution) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 140 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, related process areas, 147 staged model, 81 CM (Configuration Management) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 135 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 DAR (Decision Analysis and Resolution) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 139 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 IPM (Integrated Project Management) context diagram, 118 described, and Maturity Levels, IPM for IPPD (Integrated Project Management for IPPD) context diagram, 120 described, elements, staged model, and model choice, 157 related process areas, 115, 146 ISM (Integrated Supplier Management) context diagram, 145

14 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Process areas (listed by name) (cont.) described, elements, staged model, model choice, 158 related process areas, 115, 146 IT (Integrated Teaming) context diagram, described, elements, staged model, model choice, 157 MA (Measurement and Analysis) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 138 described, elements, staged model, example of Names component, 66 related process areas, 147 OEI (Organizational Environment for Integration) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 143 described, elements, staged model, model choice, 157 related process areas, 147 Support process area, 142 OID (Organizational Innovation and Deployment) context diagram, described, elements, staged model, staged model, 81 OPD (Organizational Process Definition) context diagram, 109 described, elements, staged model, OPF (Organizational Process Focus) context diagram, 110 described, elements, staged model, OPP (Organizational Process Performance) context diagram, 111 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, staged model, 81 OT (Organizational Training) context diagram, 113 described, elements, staged model, PCM (Project Monitoring and Control) context diagram, 117

15 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 299 Index 299 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, PI (Product Integration) context diagram, 131 described, elements, staged model, example of Generic Practice Elaboration, 68 PP (Project Planning) context diagram, 116 described, elements, staged model, PPQA (Process and Product Quality Assurance) category and maturity level, 107 context diagram, 136 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 QPM (Quantitative Project Management) context diagram, 121 described, elements, staged model, as Maturity Level 4 example, 85 measuring organizational progress, 104 staged model, 81 RD (Requirements Development) context diagram, 127 described, elements, staged model, as example of representation independence, 78 as tailoring example, 179 REQM (Requirements Management) context diagram, 125 described, elements, staged model, as example of process area concept, 58 as example of representation independence, as example of Specific Goals, RSKM (Risk Management) context diagram, 123 described, elements, staged model, example of Specific Practice, 97 SAM (Supplier Agreement Management) context diagram, 122

16 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Process areas (listed by name) (cont.) described, elements, staged model, as partial staging example, TS (Technical Solution) context diagram, 129 described, elements, staged model, VAL (Validation) context diagram, 133 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 VER (Verification) context diagram, 132 described, elements, staged model, Process group (PG), 29 Process improvement. See also Integrated process improvement benefits, 3 4, and business objectives, 6 8 coordination, 10 costs and Return on Investment (ROI), 7 8 engineering environment, 3 4 establishing standard processes, 6 7 and golf, 8 9 integration, 18 measurable benefits, 8 measuring success, 6 model-based, 5 organizational maturity, 7 process variability, 6 role of appraisals, small organizations, 10 Process is Defined generic goal (GG 3), 223 Process is Managed generic goal (GG 2), 64 65, Process is Optimizing generic goal (GG 5), 223 Process is Performed generic goal (GG 1), 222 Process is Quantitively Managed generic goal (GG 4), 223 Process Management process areas, 105, described, listed, with Maturity Levels, 106 order in various models, 107 relationship between, 108 Product Development Team advanced practices, 124 choosing process areas, 58 60, 77 CMMI team organization, 53 Product Team, 55 Product Integration process area (PI) context diagram, 131 described, elements, staged model, example of Generic Practice Elaboration, 68 Product Lines technical note, 186 Product Team, 55 profiles, capability, 76, 190 profiles, rating, Project Framework, 15 Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), 15 Project Management Institute, 15

17 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 301 Index 301 Project Management process areas, 105, described, listed, with Maturity Levels, 106 order in various models, 114 relationship between, 115 SE/SW/IPPD models, 115 Project Monitoring and Control process area (PMC) context diagram, 117 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Goals, Project Planning process area (PP) context diagram, 116 described, elements, staged model, Project Quantitively Managed specific goal (QPM SG 1), 85 Provide Resources generic practice (GP 2.3) Ability to Perform (AB 3), 103 capability dimension, 96, 97 maturity dimension, 103 Published resources in CMMI model, 186 Purpose component, See also specific process area, elements Q Q-Labs, 54 QPM. See Quantitative Project Management process area (QPM) Quagmire, Framework, 16 17, 18 Quality is Free: The Art of Making Quality Certain (Crosby), 164 Quantitative Project Management process area (QPM) context diagram, 121 described, elements, staged model, as Maturity Level 4 example, 85 measuring organizational progress, 104 staged model, 81 Quantitatively Managed capability level (CL 4), 90, 92, Quantitatively Managed maturity level (ML 4), 93 94, R Radice, R.A. (Ron), 48 Ratings appraisals, 171 ISO 9000, 45 profile, SCAMPI, The Raven, Raytheon, 54 RD. See Requirements Development process area (RD) Reference component, 66 Religious war, 72 Representation, continuous or staged and appraisals, 77 benefits of each, capability and maturity dimensions, 71 72, choosing, , choosing generic goals and practices, Engineering process areas, 124 equivalence of models, 77, as fundamental choice, identical process areas, need for both in the model, 72 partial staging, Religious war, 72

18 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index REQM. See Requirements Management process area (REQM) Required and Expected model elements, 60 Requirements Development process area (RD) context diagram, 127 Requirements Development process area (RD) (cont.) described, elements, staged model, as example of representation independence, 78 as tailoring example, 179 Requirements Managed specific goal (REQM SG 1), 61 62, 64 Requirements Management process area (REQM) context diagram, 125 described, elements, staged model, as example of process area concept, 58 as example of representation independence, as example of Specific Goals, Resume writing, as only process improved, 27 Return on Investment (ROI), 23 Review Status with Higher-Level Management generic practice (GP 2.10) capability dimension, 96, 99 maturity dimension, 103 Verifying Implementation common feature (VI 2), 103 Risk Management process area (RSKM) context diagram, 123 described, elements, staged model, as example of Specific Practice, 97 Rockwell Collins, 54 Roosevelt, Theodore, 23 Root cause of defects, 34, 61 62, 64, 102 Root Causes Determined specific goal (CAR SG 2), 61 62, 64 RSKM. See Risk Management process area (RSKM) S SA-CMM, 14, 15 Sacagawea, 151 +SAFE extension to CMMI, 187 SAM. See Supplier Agreement Management process area (SAM) SCAMPI, 170, , 188 SCAMPI Method Definition Document (MDD), 173, 186 Science Applications International Corporation, 54 SE-CMM, 13 15, 50 52, 59 SECAM, 13, 14, 51 SECM. See also EIA 731 model appraisal method, capability evolution, 104 as CMMI appraisal basis, as CMMI source model, 48 continuous model, 71 development, EIA 731, 14 SEI CMM for Software, 13, 49 CMMI development, 41, 53, 54, 55 CMMI model future, 186 CMMI Steward, 175 Interpretive Guidance Project, 186 resources, SA-CMM, 14

19 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 303 Index 303 SE-CMM, 51 SEIR, 164 Software Engineering Group Conference, 29 Software engineering process groups (SEPG), 29 success of CMM for Software, 4 Suzanne Garcia, 27 web site, 168 SEIR, 27, 164 SEPG, 29 Sheard, Sarah, 18 Siemens, 54 Single maturity level, versus rating profile, Single source approach, 86 Skeptics (of integrated process improvement), 30 Software Acquisition Capability Maturity Model (SA-CMM), 14, 15 Software CMM. See CMM for Software Software engineering, 49. See also CMMI- SW and CMMI-SE/SW models Software Engineering Group Conference, 29 Software Engineering Information Repository (SEIR), 27, 164 Software Engineering Institute (SEI). See SEI Software Engineering Process Group (SEPG), 29 Software Engineers Association of Japan (SEA Japan), Software Process Improvement Network (SPIN), 27, 29 Software Process Integration and Capability Determination (SPICE), 51 Software Productivity Consortium (SPC), 18, 282 Software Productivity Corporation, 54 Software Technology Support Center (STSC), 282 Specific Goals. See also specific process area, elements defined, number in CMMI model, 61, 63 use of passive voice, 63 CAR SG 2 (Root Causes Determined), 61 62, 64 CM SG1 (Work Products Baselines Established), 65 MA SG 1 (Measurements Aligned with Needs ), 66 OPP SG 1 (Expected Performance Established), 61 62, 64, 85 PMC SG 2 (Corrective Actions Managed), 64 PMC SG 2 (Measurements Aligned with Needs), QPM SG 1 (Project Quantitively Managed), 85 QPM SG 2 (Subprocesses Statistically Managed), 85 REQM SG 1 (Requirements Managed), 61 62, 64 Specific Practices. See also specific process area, elements defined, 63 number in CMMI model, 63 Risk Management process area example, 97 scope, 64 use of active voice, 63 CAR SP (Evaluate Effect of Changes), 64 CM SP (Identify Scope of Configuration Management), 65 CM SP (Establish Configuration and Change Management), 65 CM SP (Create or Release Baselines), 65 MA SP (Specify Measures), 66 OPP SP (Establish Definition of Measures), 64 PMC SP (Determine Corrective Actions), 64 REQM SP (Understand Requirements), 64 Specify Measures specific practice (MA SP 1.2-1), 66 SPICE, 51 SPIN, 27, 29

20 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page Index Stabilize Subprocess Performance generic practice (GP 4.2), , 223 Staged models appraisals, 73, 77 benefits, choosing, CMM for Software, 73 versus continuous model. See Representation, continuous or staged described, document map, 70 Staged models (cont.) Engineering process areas, 124 focus on maturity, 72 73, 88 Generic Practices, mapping to continuous models, Maturity Levels, 78, numbering of practices, 64 partial staging, Philip B. Crosby, 73 process area grouping, 80 81, 105 as proven path, 163 summary, Staged versus continuous representation. See Representation, continuous or staged Stakeholders, 53. See also Identify and Involve Relevant Stakeholders generic practice (GP 2.7) Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI). See SCAMPI Steal with pride, 27 Steering Group, Stovepipe models, 12, 20 Subpractices, 67 Subprocesses Statistically Managed specific goal (QPM SG 2), 85 Supplier Agreement Management process area (SAM) context diagram, 122 described, elements, staged model, as partial staging example, Supplier Sourcing extensions, 154, 158. See also CMMI-SE/SW/IPPD/SS model Supplier Sourcing process areas, , 158 Support process areas, 105, 107, , Sverdrup Corporation, 54 SW-CMM. See CMM for Software System Productivity Consortium, 51 Systems Engineering Capability Assessment Model (SECAM). See SECAM Systems Engineering Capability Maturity Model (SE-CMM). See SE-CMM Systems Engineering Capability Model (SECM). See SECM Systems Engineering (SE), 50, 52, 154. See also CMMI-SE models Systems Security Engineering CMM, 14 T Team development process, 29 Technical processes, Technical Solution process area (TS) context diagram, 129 described, elements, staged model, TeraQuest, 54 THALES, 54 Tinker Air Force Base, 7 Tolkien, J.R.R., 57 Tower of Babel, 1 The Tower of Babel (Dore), xviii Train People generic practice (GP 2.5) Ability to Perform (AB 5), 103 capability dimension, 96, 98

21 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 305 Index 305 example of mapping to goal, maturity dimension, 103 TRW, 54 TS. See Technical Solution process area (TS) Typical Work Products, 67 U U-CMMI, Understand Requirements specific practice (REQM SP 1.1-1), 64 URLs. See Web sites U.S. Air Force, 54, 277 U.S. Army, 54 U.S. Navy, 54 U.S. Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, 193 V Validation process area (VAL) context diagram, 133 described, elements, staged model, related process areas, 147 Value stream mapping, 33 Verification mode, appraisals, 174 Verification process area (VER) context diagram, 132 described, elements, staged model, Verifying Implementation, 103. See also specific process area, elements VI 1-2. See Verifying Implementation Voice (active/passive), 63 W Web sites CMMI Distilled, 277 EIA, 278 European Software Process Improvement Foundation (ESPI), 278 FAA-iCMM, 278 IEEE, 279 INCOSE, 279 Lean Aerospace Initiative, 33 NDIA, 280 Practical Software and Systems Measurement (PSM) project, 280 SEI, 29, 168, 186, 281 SEIR, 27, 164 Software Engineers Association of Japan (SEA Japan), 282 Software Productivity Consortium, 18 Software Productivity Consortium (SPC), 282 Software Technology Support Center (STSC), 282 SPIN, 27 Workshop approach, 35

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29 Ahern_INDEX.ps 8/28/03 2:33 PM Page 313 The SEI Series in Software Engineering ISBN ISBN ISBN X ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN X ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN X ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN ISBN X Please see our web site at for more information on these titles.

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