Follow Occupational Health and Safety policies. Undertake Risk Analysis of Activities

Transcription

1 SISXOHS201A Follow Occupational Health and Safety policies and SISXRSK301A Undertake Risk Analysis of Activities

2 Module Content These modules cover the following areas: Hazard identification and reporting systems Safe working instructions Risk assessment and control procedures Identification of workplace emergencies, accidents and incidents Effective workplace consultation and participation Correct selection and use of PPE (Personal Protection Equipment) Elements of Competency and Performance Criteria Elements describe the essential outcomes of a unit of competency. Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. Where bold italicised text is used, further information is detailed in the required skills and knowledge section and the range statement. Assessment of performance is to be consistent with the evidence guide. Follow Occupational Health and Safety policies ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA 1 Observe health and organisational policies 1.1 Identify relevant safety procedures. and procedures. 1.2 Follow and maintain safety procedures to achieve a safe work environment according to relevant legislation and organisational policies and procedures. 1.3 Identify and report safety issues to designated personnel according to organisational policies and procedures. 1.4 Identify potential manual-handling risks and manage tasks according to organisational policies and procedures. 1.5 Report work-related incidents and accidents 2 3 Contribute to the management of OHS issues. Carry out general maintenance procedures to designated personnel. Raise OHS issues with designated personnel according to organisational policies and procedures and relevant legislation. Contribute to consultative processes for OHS management in the workplace according to organisational policies and procedures. Make suggestions for improving organisational health and safety practices. Monitor cleanliness, safety and tidiness of the workplace and remove general waste as required. Identify damaged items and equipment and notify appropriate personnel according to organisational policies and procedures. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 2 of 25

3 Undertake risk analysis of activities ELEMENT 1 Establish the context of the risk analysis PERFORMANCE CRITERIA Access the organisation's equipment maintenance procedures and history for the activity and location as required Obtain applicable technical documentation Identify risks associated with an activity. Conduct risk analysis of an activity. Undertake risk assessment of an activity. Treat risks associated with an activity Access and clarify risk-evaluation criteria, as determined by the organisation s riskmanagement policy and plan. Identify and document potential sources of risk for the specific activity and location according to relevant legislation and organisational policies and procedures. Consider and document areas of impact on the organisation. Consider and document possible causes of risk and hazards according to organisational policies and procedures. Determine existing organisational controls for each risk according to occupational health and safety legislation. Assess the likelihood of any given risk turning into an accident, injury or loss. Assess the consequences of particular incidents in order to determine the degree of emphasis to be placed on the risk. Analyse the likelihood and consequences of particular risks and classification of risk according to organisational procedures. Compare the level of risk established during the analysis process with previously established risk-evaluation criteria according to organisational procedures. Rank or prioritise risks for further action, taking account of the wider context of the risk. Consider the objectives of the organisation and the extent of opportunity which could result from taking the risk. Accept risks that fall into the low or acceptable categories without further treatment, and monitor and periodically review to ensure they remain acceptable. Identify specific risk-treatment options applicable to risks that fall outside the low or acceptable categories. Evaluate risk-treatment options according to the organisation s risk-management plan. Document the activity-specific risktreatment plan. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 3 of 25

4 6 Monitor and review the risk management of an activity Implement the risk-treatment plan prior to and during the activity, according to organisational policies and procedures. Document risk analysis, evaluation and treatment options according to organisational procedures. Monitor risks and the effectiveness of the risk-treatment plan, strategies and management system. Repeat the risk analysis of the activity regularly to ensure the risk-treatment plan remains relevant. Make changes to the conduct of an activity, where required, in accordance with review recommendations. Implement recommendations of the organisation s risk audit in future risk analysis of the activity. Topic 1: NSW Safety Laws 1. WorkCover NSW What is WorkCover NSW? WorkCover NSW is a statutory authority within the Ministry for Commerce. Its primary objective is to work in partnership with the NSW community to achieve safe workplaces, effective return to work and security for injured workers. It is the authority which will prosecute in the event of non compliance with the OHS and Workers Compensation Legislation Visit the WorkCover website at 2. Occupational Health and Safety Legislation As of Jan 2012, Australia has moved to harmonise their Safety Laws. Each state and territory will have identical laws and regulations. The Safety Laws are based around Duty of Care concepts and Due Diligence. It is now called the Work Health and Safety Bill 2011 Go to for an overview of the new legislation. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 4 of 25

5 Why do you think it is necessary to have legislation concerning Occupational Health and Safety? What is Duty Of Care? Duty of Care... Is taking reasonable steps to prevent all foreseeable harm. This duty is to yourself... and to your clients! Fitness leaders need to think AT ALL TIMES to ensure all injuries are avoided. 3. What other legislation is important? There are laws regarding Workers Compensation which are related to the OH&S Act. In NSW these are called the: 1. Workers Compensation Act The Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act These laws provide protection of injured workers and facilitate processes which encourage early return to work when an employee becomes injured. There are also other laws which are associated with safety. For example:- Mine safety legislation, the many laws relating to Environmental Safety and Fire Safety. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 5 of 25

6 Topic 2: Talking about safety (consultation) 1. How do we talk about safety? The new OHS laws recognise that it is very important to talk to workers about safety concerns they may have with their job. In addition, employers must ensure employees have adequate skills, information, training and supervision so that they can do their job safely. : In what ways do people communicate about safety in workplaces where you are currently employed, or where you have previously worked? Complete the table below. Written Forms Verbal Forms LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 6 of 25

7 2. When must employers consult workers about safety matters? : When and in what circumstances does the law say employees must consult workers? Read the information below to find the answer. 1. What formal OHS consultation arrangements are required? The formal consultation arrangements that may be used in a workplace are: a. OHS Committees b. OHS representatives HSR c. Other arrangements 2. What does a small business owner need to consider? What would be necessary for a small business to establish to ensure compliance with the demands of formal OHS consultation in the workplace? LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 7 of 25

8 Review You should have considered: Meetings Ways in which hazards can be reported Ways in which information is transferred Whether staff have requested an elected representative. Topic 3: Hazard identification and risk control 1. What are risks and hazards? A Hazard is anything that may cause bodily harm or illness The Risk of Harm increases as the likelihood increases. How do hazards lead to injury or illness? Hazards may result in: 1. An acute injury (date of injury is clear). For example slipping down stairs, falling from a height or lifting a very heavy item. Each of these events linked to instant pain with the cause and result clearly related. 2. A chronic injury (the severity of the injury slowly increases with time). These types of injuries are often related to work processes such as poor posture and poor lifting techniques. An example of these types of injury could be people lifting weights incorrectly. 3. An acute illness (date of onset is well defined). This is when the onset of a disease is clearly linked with exposure to a chemical or other environmental hazard. For example, a staff member has an acute asthma attack after inadvertently inhaling fumes from a chemical used in the workplace, or developing Hepatitis B from a needle stick injury. 4. A chronic illness (symptoms gradually increase over time). This occurs when people are exposed to a hazard over time. It may be a chemical or a naturally occurring substance such as asbestos. Many chronic lung diseases are caused in this way, along with many cancers. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 8 of 25

9 2. What do hazards do to our bodies? Consider the following types of hazards. What body harm may result? 1. Lifting heavy equipment 2. Not using proper technique 3. Tripping over weights left on the floor of the office LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 9 of 25

10 4. Falling off a treadmill The cost of injuries! 1. Direct Costs to employers & insurers: In Australia the cost of claims is approximately 27 billion dollars a year. These are direct costs for the employer, the insurer and WorkCover. 2. Indirect costs (physical, social, emotional, financial) to the injured worker: An injured worker and their family also pay the costs for being injured. This is through social and physical costs but also financially as they live on a smaller income than before the injury. The costs have been estimated to be one billion dollars 3. Indirect Costs (financial, social) to the local and greater community: An injured person may once have been an active member of the local community, contributing in many ways. The decrease in their participation is a cost for the local community. The worker may have to live on sickness benefits in the future. This is a cost to the Federal Government and the tax-paying community. These costs have been estimated to be one billion dollars. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 10 of 25

11 3. How are hazards reported? List the ways hazards can be reported Review It is important to ensure we have systems in our workplaces to identify and assess hazards on a regular basis. It is through this planned approach that hazards can be controlled and injuries prevented. This planned approach is called systematic identification of hazards. Often workplaces also receive incidental information about hazards and this is called incidental hazard identification. Some examples are below. Systematic Workplace Inspections Safety Audits Job Task Analysis Injury and illness records Risk assessments Health Monitoring Environmental assessments and monitoring Accident investigation. Specific risk assessments Incidental Hazard Report Form Complaints Observations Have you used any of these forms? If so, when and why??? LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 11 of 25

12 What are some hazards found in the sport and recreation industry The types of hazards that are typical to the fitness industry are: Manual Handling, acute and chronic injuries from lifting poorly Overuse injuries Joint sprains Slip, trips and falls Equipment failure Injuries from Motor Vehicle accidents Biological Thermal (sunstroke, dehydration, Chemical Radiation (skin cancer) Emergencies 4. Injury Causation Different things contribute to injuries. 1. It may be things in the indoor or outdoor environment such as the weather, trip hazards, lighting, heat etc. 2. It may be due to things related to organizational policies and systems such as taking too many classes or getting over-use injuries, contracting a disease because there is no infection control policy. 3. It may be related to the person: for example, they don t listen, have poor technique or they are lazy and don t comply with policies and procedures. What do you think are the most common types of injury in fitness? Why??? LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 12 of 25

13 5. Some examples of hazard identification forms and check sheets Number Description of the hazard Date reported Reported by: Date Proposed solutions, short and long term. Risk priority CONTROL MEASURES Solution Selected Dept./person responsible for implementation Date completed Referral for outsourced Assistance: Date/Organisation RISK MANAGEMENT PRIORITY: For each hazard consider: How severely could someone be hurt; how likely is it to happen? How likely is it that the injury will occur? How severely could someone be hurt? Very likely. (At any time) Likely (Sometime) Unlikely (May happen) Very Unlikely (Probably never) Kill or cause permanent disability. Long term illness or serious injury Medical attention & several days off work. Minor injury Name Date: Signature: LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 13 of 25

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15 Logbook Summary Hazard Date Reported Control Date Controlled Review date and outcome Checklists : Create a checklist to check all equipment in a typical gym. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 15 of 25

16 6. How do we reduce hazards? Thinking ahead - Proactive vs Reactive Safety Systems To prevent injuries it is essential that organizations look for dangerous work practices and hazards so that they can modify the workplace to make it safe before someone is injured. This approach is called a proactive approach. This is different to systems used in the past where organisations looked at problems only after an incident or injury had occurred. This system of analysis is called a reactive approach. It may lead to improvements but unfortunately it is too late for the injured individual. The hierarchy of control The hierarchy of control is a system of reducing or removing risk. The elimination measures are the most effective as they remove the hazard. PPE is the least effective as it relies on people complying. i. Eliminate Elimination options are where the actual hazard is eliminated. Examples include basic things such a wiping up spills and removing a sharp edge through to more complex solutions such as changing a building to eliminate a hazard (such as the removal of asbestos). ii. Substitute Substitution is where a safer product or machine is purchased to replace a product or machine which is hazardous. iii. Isolate Isolation is where humans are removed from a hazard. Examples include isolating an infectious person, placing guards on machines so that a human cannot possibly reach a sharp blade, and designing a chemical decanting system so that human hands do not touch the chemical. iv. Minimise through engineering Engineering designs which lessen OHS risk are very common in workplaces. Examples include anything with wheels, pulleys and electronic /engineering assistance. v. Minimise through administrative controls Administrative control include staff rostering (for example 2 staff must always be in the practice), policies and procedures (such as hand washing and infection control guidelines), the provision of training and supervision to ensure employees are working safely. vi. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Personal protective equipment is any item provided to protect the employee. These include shoes etc. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 16 of 25

17 What are the ways you would control these hazards? 1. Lifting heavy exercise equipment 2. Getting tinea from using shower areas 3. A staff member has reported contracting dermatitis from using a dangerous cleaning chemical. 4. A client tripped over a tree root during an outdoor boot camp. 7. Risk management LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 17 of 25

18 Risk management is where we assess hazards and determine how great the level of risk actually is. The process involves:- a. Identify hazards proactively The tools found earlier in the booklet can be used to identify the hazards b. Determine risk management priority: For each hazard consider How severely could someone be hurt? How likely is it to happen? Also consider frequency of the activity and level of exposure. The grid below is useful to determine the degree of risk. Where there is a 1 the likelihood and level of harm is great, whereas a 6 indicates that the likelihood and degree of harm is low. A.No. 1 hazard needs to be dealt with within 1 day A. No. 2 hazard needs to be dealt with within a week. A. No. 3 hazard needs to be dealt with within a month. A. No. 4 hazard needs to be dealt with within 3 months. A. No. 5 hazard needs to be dealt with within 6-9 months. A. No. 6 hazards needs to be dealt with within 9-12 months. Finances should to be directed towards the No 1 hazards. Activity: what factors would increase the likelyhood of harm in a gym? How likely is it that the injury will occur? How severely could someone be hurt? Very likely (At any time) Likely (Sometime) Unlikely (May happen) Very Unlikely (Probably never) Kill or cause permanent disability Long term illness or serious injury Medical attention & several days off work. Minor injury c. Select the solution based on the hierarchy of control. Pick the best solution to fix the problem using the hierarchy of control above. d. Plan to review and evaluate your solution. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 18 of 25

19 It is always necessary to check to see that the hazard has been controlled and the level of risk lessened. If the level of risk is high, that is, serious harm is likely, action needs to be taken to stop the task or activity or cordon off an area. Can you think of an activity where this may need to happen in a gym? LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 19 of 25

20 8. Waste Management Should the sport and fitness centre have certain waste products, they will need to follow strict guidelines to dispose of this. Below are 2 tables which give an example of the forms required to rid a site of chemical and biological waste products. OHS014 Chemical Waste Inventory Form Contact Person: Contact Number: Program/G roup Building Lowy (C25) Location of Waste (Room Number): Chemical Waste Store grid reference E26 Date: Page No: Total No Pages: Chemical, Technical or Trade Name Dangerous Goods Class and Packing Group (I, II, III) Physical State [a] Volume of Container [b] Number of Containers Container Condition [c] Container Material [d] Gross Weight [e] Are there any sharps or broken glass present for disposal? YES NO. [a] Physical State is Solid or Liquid [b] Volume In Litres [c] Condition is Good or Poor [d] Material is Glass, Plastic or Metal [e] Weight In Kilograms Note: If you are disposing of waste containing radioactive material that has an activity less than that described in Schedule 1 of the Radiation Control Regulation you must complete and attach the Isotopic Declaration Form Please fax completed form to If you have any questions please phone Martina Lavin (OHS Coordinator) LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 20 of 25

21 Biological Waste Collection Form Request for Collection of Biological Hazardous Waste UNSW biological waste generators will complete all items below prior to requesting pickup by OHS & WC unit. The form must be faxed to the OHS unit by Monday 12 noon for pick up on Tuesday and on Thursday noon for Friday pick up Contact Person Contact Phone School Building Location of Waste (eg Room number, freezer etc) Room Number: Biological Waste Description Quantity & Container (description) Comments I certify that the information in this document is complete, accurate and that all know or suspected hazards have been disclosed to the best of my knowledge. Waste Generator Signature: Date: Page of. List 6 waste items that would be included in the above 2 categories (3 for chemical and 3 for biological). Which ones would be related to the fitness industry? LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 21 of 25

22 Topic 4: your role in WH&S What are the policies and procedures you need to follow in a gym for your safety? What are the key things we need to teach clients to keep them safe? What happens if you don t report hazards? Give 3 examples with your answer. Why is talking about safety important? Give 3 examples with your answer. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 22 of 25

23 Why is reporting injuries (both staff and clients) important? What might happen if injuries go unreported? Give 3 examples with your answer The Workers Compensation Act covers the basic roles rights and responsibilities of injured workers, employers and insurers. The Workplace Injury Management and Workers Compensation Act deals with workplace injury management and ensuring early, appropriate and effective return of injured workers into the workplace. The primary aims of workplace injury management are: 1. Prompt and effective treatment and return to work of injured workers 2. Income support for injured workers and their families 3. Fair and affordable premiums for employers with incentives for improved performance 4. Efficient and cost-effective service delivery Employees must report injuries to ensure that injuries are managed in a fair and reasonable way. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 23 of 25

24 Topic 5 Emergencies What sort of emergencies might occur in a gym? It is important that fitness facilities have plans for evacuation. All staff members need to practise evacuation procedures through drills. This should include clients from time to time. Plans should be up on walls so everyone knows the route out and where to meet. Visit a gym or review your own workplace. What would happen in the event of a fire? How is the building evacuated? It is also important to have plans for the provision of first aid and the directions should medical care and/ or ambulance be required for a client or staff member. The first aid kit needs to be in a prominent place. The list of first aid officers should be placed in a poster next to the first aid kit. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 24 of 25

25 Topic 6: Review What are the 10 most important things you have learned from doing these units? Congratulation! You have completed the unit. Please ensure you hand in your workbook with your assignment attached. LRG_SISXOHS201A_SISXRSK301A_OHS_Risk Analysis.docx Version 1 Page 25 of 25