MPSC Staff s Avoided Cost Methodology Case No.: U Capacity Component of Staff's Proposed Method

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1 MPSC Staff s Avoided Cost Methodology Case No.: U Capacity Component of Staff's Proposed Method Exhibit: S-14 (JJH-8) Levelized Cost Calculation Simple Cycle Gas Turbine Page: 1 of 2 CT CT No Variable notes Capacity MW MW Loading Factor 13.00% 13.00% % of time the unit would be dispatched if available Equivalent Avail % 95.00% % of time the unit would be available for dispatch Capacity Factor % % (Loading Factor)(Equivalent Availability) Heat Rate Btu/kWh BTU/kWh Fuel Cost $/MMBtu $5.30 $0.00 $ per Million BTU Total Cost MM no AFUDC $ $ MM AFUDC $0.00 $0.00 MM Total Cost MM $ $ MM Fixed Charge Rate % % % used to calculate fixed cost recovery component Fixed O&M $/kw $ $ $/kw Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $22.09 $22.09 MM Total Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $23.29 $23.29 MM Fixed Cost $/kwh $/kwh Fuel Cost $/kwh $/kwh Var. O&M $/kwh $/kwh Total Var. Cost $/kwh Total Cost $/kwh $/kwh Total Cost (MM) $ Overnight Cost (MM) Inflated $ Total Cost ($/kw) $1, $/MW-year $168, $110, This price represents the cost of capacity $/kw-month $9.24 EFORd+Derate 16.62% $/ZRC-Year $129,335.53

2 MPSC Staff s Avoided Cost Methodology Case No.: U Levelized Fixed Cost Calculation Combined Cycle - Combustion Tubine Exhibit: S-14 (JJH-8) Fixed Investment Cost Attributable to Energy (ICE) Page: 2 of 2 NGCC notes Capacity MW 400 MW Loading Factor 71.00% % of time the unit would be dispatched if available Equivalent Avail % % of time the unit would be available for dispatch Capacity Factor 61.77% (Loading Factor)(Equivalent Availability) Heat Rate Btu/kWh 6600 BTU/kWh Fuel Cost $/MMBtu $5.30 $ per Million BTU Total Cost MM no AFUDC $ MM AFUDC $0.00 MM Total Cost MM $ MM Fixed Charge Rate % % used to calculate fixed cost recovery component Fixed O&M $/kw $ $/kw Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $60.99 MM Total Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $60.99 MM Fixed Cost $/kwh $/kwh Fuel Cost $/kwh $/kwh Var. O&M $/kwh $/kwh Total Var. Cost $/kwh Total Cost $/kwh $/kwh $/MW-year $354, $/MW-year no variable $152, CC-CT $/MW-year $41, Total Annual Lev. Fixed Cost Difference (MM) $16.63 Fixed Cost Difference (ICE $/kwh) $

3 MPSC Staff's Variable Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plant Cost (Avoided Energy Payment) Case No: U Levelized Cost Calculation of NGCC Exhibit S-15 (JJH-9) Page: 1 of 3 Reopened Case notes Capacity MW 400 MW Loading Factor 71.00% The % of time the unit would be dispatched if available Equivalent Avail % The % of time the unit would be available for dispatch. Capacity Factor 61.77% (Loading Factor)(Equivalent Availability) Heat Rate Btu/kWh 6600 BTU/kWh Fuel Cost $/MMBtu W/ Trans $5.30 $ per Million BTU Total Cost MM no AFUDC $ MM AFUDC $76.32 MM Total Cost MM $ MM Fixed Charge Rate % % used to calculate fixed cost recovery component Fixed O&M $/kw $ $/kw Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $70.71 MM Total Annual Lev. Fixed Cost MM $76.56 MM Fixed Cost $/kwh $/kwh Fuel Cost $/kwh $/kwh Var. O&M $/kwh $/kwh Total Var. Cost $/kwh Total Cost $/kwh (2021) $/kwh Overnight Cost (MM) AFUDC Total Overnight Cost (MM) in 2017 $ Inflation Rate Cumulative Finance Rate Year GCC $ % 7.65% 1 5% % % %

4 MPSC Staff's Variable Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plant Cost (Avoided Energy Payment) Case No: U Levelized Cost Calculation of NGCC Exhibit S-15 (JJH-9) Page: 2 of 3 Source: EIA Annual Ene Period (Used for Levelized Calculation) Original Filing Using 2016 Annual Energy Outlook (Real) Henry Hub Using 2017 Annual Energy Outlook 2016 (Real) Henry Hub Using 2017 Annual Energy Outlook 2017 (Real) 2016 $ $3.30 $3.00 $3.06 $ $3.86 $3.40 $3.47 $ $4.28 $3.96 $4.04 $ $4.73 $4.51 $4.60 $ $4.62 $4.39 $4.48 $ $4.64 $4.26 $4.35 $ $5.06 $4.28 $4.37 $ $5.33 $4.41 $4.50 $ $5.47 $4.51 $4.60 $ $5.32 $4.64 $4.73 $ $5.29 $4.75 $4.85 $ $5.34 $4.86 $4.96 $ $5.39 $4.96 $5.06 $ $5.40 $5.00 $5.10 $ $5.35 $5.11 $5.21 $ $5.37 $5.11 $5.21 $ $5.31 $5.03 $5.13 $ $5.29 $5.00 $5.10 $ $5.24 $5.09 $5.19 $0.59 Discount Rate 7.65% Net Present Value Fuel $46.26 $40.82 $41.64 $4.70 Levelized Fuel Price $4.59 $4.67 $4.76 $0.54

5 MPSC Staff's Variable Natural Gas Combined Cycle Plant Cost (Avoided Energy Payment) Case No: U Levelized Cost Calculation of NGCC Exhibit S-15 (JJH-9) Fixed Ice ($/MWh) $7.68 Discount Rate 7.65% Line Loss Factor 2.37% Variable Cost (2021) $37.37 Page: 3 of 3 Contract Length Producer Employment Price Index-- Cost Index-- Utility Natural Total Private Gas Compensation NGCC Variable Cost ($/MWh) Weighted Average (Utility Nat Gas 70% ; Employment Cost 30%) NGCC Variable Cost with Fixed Ice and Line Loss Factor ($/MWh) Net Present Value ($/MWh) Levelized Value ($/MWh) Year $37.26 $ $36.25 $ $35.57 $ $36.87 $ $37.37 $45.94 $ $ $38.98 $ $41.09 $ $42.84 $ $43.89 $ $44.63 $53.37 $ $ $46.00 $ $47.15 $ $48.37 $ $49.85 $ $51.21 $60.11 $ $ $52.45 $ $53.68 $ $55.03 $ $56.27 $ $57.95 $67.00 $ $51.49

6 Case No: U Exhibit S-16 (JJH-10) A B C D E F G H I Year Natural Gas Price Forecast Gas Transportation Schedule of Annual Avoided Energy Cost Payments NGCC Plant Heat Rate Variable O & M Base Energy Price Base Energy Price Plus 2.37% Line Loss Estimate of Fixed ICE Avoided Energy Payment Includes Estimate of Fixed ICE Col (B+C)*D/1,000+( D*1000) Col F * Col G + H $ per MMBtu $ per MMBtu Btu/kWh $ per kwh $ per MWh $ per Mwh $ per Mwh $ per Mwh 2017 $3.121 $0.49 6,600 $ $ $26.55 $ $ $3.621 $0.49 6,600 $ $ $30.02 $ $ $4.304 $0.50 6,600 $ $ $34.75 $ $ $4.998 $0.50 6,600 $ $ $39.54 $ $ $4.978 $0.51 6,600 $ $ $39.52 $ $ $4.927 $0.51 6,600 $ $ $39.29 $ $ $5.069 $0.52 6,600 $ $ $40.38 $ $ $5.335 $0.52 6,600 $ $ $42.29 $ $ $5.559 $0.53 6,600 $ $ $43.93 $ $ $5.855 $0.53 6,600 $ $ $46.06 $ $ $6.130 $0.54 6,600 $ $ $48.06 $ $ $6.416 $0.54 6,600 $ $ $50.13 $ $ $6.691 $0.55 6,600 $ $ $52.13 $ $ $6.895 $0.56 6,600 $ $ $53.66 $ $ $7.191 $0.56 6,600 $ $ $55.81 $ $ $7.344 $0.57 6,600 $ $ $57.00 $ $ $7.375 $0.57 6,600 $ $ $57.37 $ $ $7.477 $0.58 6,600 $ $ $58.22 $ $ $7.752 $0.59 6,600 $ $ $60.25 $ $ $7.864 $0.59 6,600 $ $ $61.18 $ $

7 M.P.S.C. No Electric Consumers Energy Company Case No.: U Exhibit: S-17 (JKB-7) Witness: Julie K Baldwin Page: 1 of 5 Sheet No. C C18. STANDARD OFFER PURCHASED POWER A. Availability (Continued From Sheet No. C-58.00) The Standard Offer is available for the purchase of electrical energy and capacity, as needed, supplied by a seller s eligible Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act of 1978 ( PURPA ) Qualifying Facility. The Qualifying Facility must meet the requirements established by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission including but not limited to, 18 C.F.R , , and The Standard Offer is not available for electric service supplied by the Company to a seller who has negotiated rate credits or conditions with the Company which are different from those below. To qualify for the Standard Offer, a seller shall execute a standard Power Purchase Agreement with the Company. The participating seller is required to install and operate a generation system with design capacity of no less than 1 kw and no more than 2 MWac. Service hereunder shall be restricted to the Company s purchase of energy or energy and capacity from the seller s generating facilities up to the Contract Capacity specified in the Power Purchase Agreement which may be operated in parallel with the Company s system. Power delivered to the Company shall not offset or be substituted for power contracted for, or which may be contracted for, under any other schedule of the Company. If a seller requires supplemental, back-up, or standby services, the seller shall enter into a separate service agreement with the Company in accordance with the Company's applicable electric rates and Service Regulations approved by the Michigan Public Service Commission. B. Distribution Requirements for Sellers Connected to Company System (1) All facilities operated in parallel with the Company s system must meet the Parallel Operation Requirements set forth in Rule C1.6 B. The Company shall install own, operate, and maintain all metering and auxiliary devices (including any telecommunication links, if applicable) connected to the Company System. Meters furnished, installed, and maintained by the Company shall meter generation equipment. (2) Energy delivered to the Company shall be alternating current, 60-hertz, single-phase or three-phase (as governed by Rule B8. Electric Interconnection and Net Metering Standards) service. The Company will determine the particular nature of the voltage in each case. (3) If the seller s generating facility is connected to a distribution line serving other Company customers, then the point of delivery for energy measurement purposes shall be at the high voltage side of the generating facility s isolation transformer connecting the seller s generating facility to the Company s distribution system. If the seller s generating facility is not connected to a distribution line serving other Company customers, then the point of delivery for energy measurement purposes shall be at the point at which the radial line connecting the seller s generating facility to the Company s distribution system terminates at the first substation beyond the generating facility s isolation transformer. (4) Hourly Interval Registering Meters are required for each generating unit served under this rate. For a seller in which the measurement of energy delivered to the Company is not located at the point of delivery, then electric losses as determined by the Company for losses between the energy measurement location and the point of delivery shall be deducted for billing purposes from the energy measurements thus made. (Continued on Sheet No. C-60.00)

8 M.P.S.C. No Electric Consumers Energy Company Case No.: U Exhibit: S-17 (JKB-7) Witness: Julie K Baldwin Page: 2 of 5 Sheet No. C (Continued From Sheet No. C-59.00) C18. STANDARD OFFER - PURCHASED POWER (Contd) B. Distribution Requirements for Sellers Connected to Company System (Contd) (5) The seller must meet the Interconnection Standards referenced in Rule B8 of this Electric Rate Book, Electric Interconnection and Net Metering Standards, R R , for the class of generator installed. Per these standards, testing and utility approval of the interconnection and execution of a parallel operating agreement must be completed prior to the equipment operating in parallel with the distribution system of the utility. Additionally, the Company will confirm and ensure that an electric generator installation at the seller's site meets the IEEE 1547 antiislanding requirements. (6) The seller is required to obtain the characteristics of service from the Company prior to the installation of equipment. The Company shall provide the characteristics in writing upon request. In the event that the equipment proposed for connection is not compatible with these characteristics, the Company shall have no obligation to modify its distribution system or provide any monetary compensation to the seller. Any service facilities shall be dedicated to the generator and shall not be shared with those providing service to any seller. The Company shall determine the characteristics of service. Should the installation of new Company distribution facilities be necessary for the equipment, all costs for the distribution facilities installed may be charged to the applicant in advance of construction as a nonrefundable contribution. If the applicant desires underground service facilities, the difference in cost between overhead and underground service facilities shall be charged to the applicant in advance of construction as a nonrefundable contribution. (7) If, in the sole judgment of the Company, it appears that connection of the equipment and subsequent service through the Company's facilities may cause a safety hazard, endanger the Company facilities or the seller's equipment or to disturb the Company's service to customers and other sellers, the Company may refuse or delay connection of the equipment to its facilities. A seller taking the Standard Offer is not eligible to participate in the Company s Net Metering program. Sellers with unsatisfactory payment history on their delivery account are not eligible to participate. (8) The Company may discontinue purchases during system emergencies, maintenance and other operational circumstances. C. Published Avoided Cost Rates The capacity and energy rates applicable to the Standard Offer will be updated every two years based on the Company s need for capacity and the Company s avoided cost data reported to the Michigan Public Service Commission. Power Purchase Agreements with terms in excess of two years shall continue to receive the capacity rate and any applicable energy rate as provided in the Power Purchase Agreement. D. Monthly Rate System Access Charge - Equal to the System Access Charge of the Customer's Delivery Account but not in excess of $50, assessed per generator meter, to be paid to the Company by the customer or to be deducted from the payment to the customer by the Company. (Continued on Sheet No. C-61.00)

9 M.P.S.C. No Electric Consumers Energy Company Case No.: U Exhibit: S-17 (JKB-7) Witness: Julie K Baldwin Page: 3 of 5 Sheet No. C C18. STANDARD OFFER - PURCHASED POWER (Contd) D. Monthly Rate (Contd) (Continued From Sheet No. C-60.00) Energy For all energy supplied by the seller, the seller shall receive an energy payment equal to one of the rate options below, as selected by the seller and applicable for the term of the contract. Rate Option 4 is only available to run-of-the-river hydro QFs. The line loss adjustment factor will be revised for future new Power Purchase Agreements when line losses are updated in general electric rate cases, as approved by the Commission. Rate Option 1. As Available Rate 2. LMP Energy Rate Forecast Contract Term Energy Rate $/kwh Actual MISO Day Ahead Locational Marginal Price (LMP) at the Company s CONS.CETR load node multiplied by 1 plus the line loss adjustment factor of 2.37% plus Fixed ICE of $ /kWh** and less the Administrative Fee of $0.001/kWh. Actual Day Ahead MISO LMP at the Company s CONS.CETR load node multiplied by 1 plus the line loss adjustment factor of 2.37% plus Fixed ICE of $ /kWh** less the Administrative Fee of $0.001/kWh. 5 Years 10 Years 15 Years 20 Years On-Peak Off-Peak On-Peak Off-Peak On-Peak Off-Peak On-Peak Off-Peak $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Proxy Plant Variable Rate Forecast Year Projection of the variable costs of operating the proxy plant multiplied by 1 plus the line loss adjustment factor of 2.37% plus Fixed ICE of $ /kWh** and less the Administrative Fee of $0.001/kWh. Energy Rate Energy Rate Year $/kwh $/kwh 2017 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Run-of-the-River Hydro Levelized Energy Payment Option Levelized projection of the variable costs of operating the proxy plant multiplied by 1 plus the line loss adjustment factor of 2.37% plus Fixed ICE of $ /kWh** and less the Administrative Fee of $0.001/kWh. 5 Years 10 Years 15 Years 20 Years Contract Term $ $ $ $ ** Fixed ICE (Investment Cost Attributable to Energy) is an energy rate adjustment factor approved by the Commission in MPSC Case No. U (Continued on Sheet No. C-62.00)

10 M.P.S.C. No Electric Consumers Energy Company Case No.: U Exhibit: S-17 (JKB-7) Witness: Julie K Baldwin Page: 4 of 5 Sheet No. C (Continued From Sheet No. C-61.00) C18. STANDARD OFFER - PURCHASED POWER (Contd) D. Monthly Rate (Contd) Capacity The seller shall receive a monthly capacity payment based on the proxy capacity payment rate and the units of capacity as indicated below. Payments shall be reduced by any applicable monthly Interconnection Cost. The monthly capacity payment will be equal to the number of ZRCs that MISO determines the seller s Qualifying Facility can supply to the Company for the applicable MISO resource planning period multiplied by the applicable capacity rate expressed in such units of capacity. The current resource planning period is the planning year which runs from June 1st of each year through May 31st of the following year. If no historical generation data is available for the first year of generation a Qualifying Facility shall be assigned the MISO class average capacity credits by technology. Capacity Payment $129,335/ZRC-Year E. Renewable Energy Credits Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) are owned by the customer. The Company may purchase RECs from sellers that are willing to sell RECs generated. The Company will enter into a separate agreement with the customer for the purchase of any RECs. F. Term The seller may select a contract length of 5, 10, 15 or 20 years, but in no event shall the term of any Power Purchase Agreement expire prior to the end of a MISO planning period. G. Early Termination Sellers shall be required, based on the options made available by the Company, to select a form of security to cover the financial risk associated with the Company s cost for replacement capacity in the event the QF ceases operation prior to the end of the term of the Power Purchase Agreement. The amount of security required will be based on the estimated amount of capacity it will deliver and the term of the contract. (Continued on Sheet No. C-63.00)

11 M.P.S.C. No Electric Consumers Energy Company Case No.: U Exhibit: S-17 (JKB-7) Witness: Julie K Baldwin Page: 5 of 5 Sheet No. C (Continued From Sheet No. C-62.00) H. Execution of Standard PPA In order to execute the Standard PPA, the Seller must complete all of the general project information requested in the applicable Standard PPA. When all information required in the standard PPA has been received in writing from the Seller, the Company will respond within 15 business days with a draft Standard PPA. The Seller may request in writing that the Company prepare a final draft Standard PPA. The Company will respond to this request within 15 business days. In connection with such request, the Seller must provide the Company with any additional or clarified project information that the Company reasonably determines to be necessary for the preparation of a final draft Standard PPA. When both parties are in full agreement as to all terms and conditions of the draft Standard PPA, the Company will prepare and forward to the Seller a final executable version of the agreement within 15 business days.