Use of ITS in implementation of urban mobility plans

Transcription

1 Use of ITS in implementation of urban mobility plans Răzvan Andrei Gheorghiu ITS Romania Congress November 2016 Bucharest, Romania

2 Definitions of ITS by different institutions or countries (Source: ITS for Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific) Organization European Union European Road Transport Telematics Implementation Coordination Organization ITS United Kingdom European Telecommunications Standards Institute ITS Japan ITS Canada Definition Applications of information and communication technology to transport A system that integrates information and communication technology with transport infrastructure, vehicles and the use A combination of information and telecommunications technology that enables provision of online information in all areas of public and private administration Telematics and all types of communications in vehicles, between vehicles, and between vehicles and fixed locations; not restricted to road transport A system that capitalizes on leading-edge information technology to support the comfortable and efficient transportation of people and goods, anticipating a quantum leap in safety, efficiency and comfort Applications of advanced and emerging technologies (computers, sensors, controls, communications and electronic devices) in transportation systems to save lives, time, money, energy and the environment ITS Romania Congress 2016

3 Definitions of ITS by different institutions or countries (Source: ITS for Sustainable Development in Asia and the Pacific) Organization Republic of Korea Malaysia Philippines China Definition A transportation system that (a) improves efficiency and safety through automated systems management; (b) provides transportation data through services that integrate such state-of-the-art technologies as electric control and communication with vehicles and other transport facilities Applications of advanced and emerging technologies (computers, sensors, controls, communications and electronic devices) in transportation systems to save lives, time, money, energy and the environment; and the integration of information and communication technology with transportation infrastructure, vehicles and users Applications of computing, electronics, information technology and communications to solve problems in all transport sectors A new generation of transportation systems for improving safety, efficiency, accessibility and sustainability in transportation through application of advanced information technology

4 What may be intelligent? Infrastructure: Arterial management (surveillance, traffic control, lane management, parking management, information dissemination, enforcement). Freeway management (surveillance, ramp control, lane management, special event response, transportation management, information dissemination, enforcement). Crash prevention & safety (road geometry warning, highway-rail crossing warning systems, intersection collision warning, pedestrian safety, bicycle warning, animal warning). Road weather management (surveillance, monitoring & prediction, information dissemination, advisory strategies, traffic control, control strategies, response & treatment - treatment strategies). Roadway operations & maintenance (information dissemination, surveillance, work zone management). Transit management (operations & fleet management, information dissemination, transportation demand management, safety & security). Traffic incident management (surveillance & detection, mobilization & response, information dissemination, clearance & recovery). Emergency management (hazardous materials management, emergency medical services, response & recovery). Electronic payment and pricing (toll collection, transit fare payment, parking fee payment, multi-use payment, pricing). Traveller information (pre-trip information, en route information, tourism & events). Information management (data archiving). Commercial vehicle operations (credentials administration, safety assurance, electronic screening, carrier operations & fleet management, security operations). Intermodal freight (freight tracking, surveillance, freight terminal processes, drayage operations, freighthighway connector system, international border crossing processes).

5 What may be intelligent? Vehicles: Collision avoidance (intersection collision warning, obstacle detection, lane change assistance, lane departure warning, rollover warning, road departure warning, forward collision warning, rear impact warning). Driver assistance (navigation/route guidance, driver communication, vision enhancement, object detection, adaptive cruise control, intelligent speed control, lane keeping assistance, roll stability control, drowsy driver warning systems, precision docking, coupling/decoupling, on-board monitoring). Collision notification (mayday/automated collision notification, advanced automated collision notification).

6 EC ITS Action Plan and Directive Directive 2010/40/EU: Framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport Priority area I: Optimal use of road, traffic and travel data Priority area II: Continuity of traffic and freight management ITS services Priority area III: ITS road safety and security applications Priority area IV: Linking the vehicle with the transport infrastructure

7 Categories of ITS applications (Source: Citivas Policy Note) ITS Romania Congress 2016

8 ITS Taxonomy Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) Advanced Traveller Information Systems (ATIS) Advanced Vehicle Control Systems (AVCS) Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) Advanced Public Transportation Systems (APTS) Advanced Rural Transportation Systems (ARTS) ITS Romania Congress 2016

9 ITS Taxonomy ITS applications can be categorized in different ways (Ecostand, 2011, ICT for Clean and Efficient Mobility, Amitran, 2014, Spyropoulou, 2004). E.g. categorization of ITS applications based on their expected use: 1. Demand and access management (including pricing) 2. Traffic management and control 3. Travel and traffic information 4. Driver assistance and cooperative systems 5. Logistics and fleet management 6. Safety and emergency systems.

10 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans A Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) is a strategic plan that is designed to cater to the mobility needs of people and businesses in cities and their surroundings for a better quality of life. It builds on the existing planning practices and takes due consideration of integration, participation and evaluation principles. (Source: Rupprecht Consult, 2014) An integrated urban mobility plan is a strategic document aimed to plan the sustainable mobility needs of people and the economic sector in cities and their surroundings for a harmonious socio-economic development and a better quality of life in the present and in the future.

11 Aims & Scope Creation of a sustainable urban transport system by: Ensuring the accessibility of the transport system for all the citizens by providing access to jobs and essential services. Improving safety and security. Reducing pollution (including noise pollution), greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption. Increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of the transportation of persons and goods. Enhancing the attractiveness and quality of the urban environment with benefits for citizens, economy and society as a whole.

12 Person with reduced mobility Another main feature SUMPs is the need to ensure and protect public spaces for residents of a city or municipality. In fulfilment of this requirement, specific needs of persons with reduced mobility (PRM) must be considered. Ensure better conditions for PMR is part of SUMP objectives of providing a durable solution for all inhabitants of a city, ensuring social inclusion in urban activities. PMR covers a relatively wide range of people, including those with sensory impairments (hearing / sight), physical disabilities and those for whom mobility is reduced due to luggage transport or if they are accompanied by children.

13 The reverse traffic pyramid. (Source: Bicycle Innovation Lab) ITS Romania Congress 2016

14 Sustainable mobility vs traditional transport planning (source: SUMP guidelines, EACI) Traditional Transport Planning Focus on traffic Primary objective: Traffic flow capacity and speed Modal-focused Infrastructure as the main topic Sectorial planning document Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning Focus on people Primary objectives: Accessibility and quality of life, as well as sustainability, economic viability, social equity, health and environmental quality Balanced development of all relevant transport modes and shift towards sustainable modes Combination of infrastructure, market, services, mechanisms, information, and promotion for obtaining optimal and cost-effective solutions Sectorial planning document that is consistent and complementary to related policy areas (such as land use and spatial planning; social services; health; enforcement and policing, etc.)

15 Sustainable mobility vs traditional transport planning (source: SUMP guidelines, EACI) Traditional Transport Planning Short- and medium-term delivery plan Related to an administrative area Domain of transport engineers Planning by experts Limited impact assessment Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning Short- and medium-term delivery plan embedded in a long-term vision and strategy Related to a functioning area based on travel-towork patterns Interdisciplinary planning teams Planning with the involvement of stakeholders using a transparent and participatory approach Intensive evaluation of impacts and shaping of a learning process

16 The balanced and integrated development of all modes A SUMP fosters a balanced development of all relevant transport modes, while encouraging a shift towards more sustainable modes. The plan puts forward an integrated set of technical, infrastructure, policy-based, and soft measures to improve performance and costeffectiveness with regard to the declared goal and specific objectives. It would typically address the following topics: (a) Public transport (b) Walking and cycling (c) Intermodality (d) Urban road safety (e) Road transport (flowing and stationary) (f) Urban logistics (g) Mobility management (h) Intelligent Transport Systems

17 ITS for Road transport (flowing and stationary) Traffic Management Traffic Control Centre Traffic signal control (real time) Variable speed limits Green Wave system Ramp control Demand management Infrastructure maintenance management (use of geographical information systems) Electronic payment and ticketing Real time information Traffic Information Centres Green wave guide Variable Message Signs Parking guidance systems, to reduce parking search time: Inform drivers about parking opportunities. Assist in the distribution and management of limited numbers of parking spaces, including their pricing. Assist in the enforcement of parking. On-demand parking (aided by cell phone technology). Advanced vehicle control systems Automated vehicles.

18 ITS for Public transport Real time information, so that users have up-to-the minute information on services, where they are, and on incidents/delays and how to avoid them. Passenger Information Systems When linked to AVL, ITS has the ability to provide real time information to public transport passengers (RTPI) through a variety of media such as at-stop displays, SMS messaging and the internet. Public transport information in various formats (e.g. audible) for disabled people. Electronic payment and ticketing (including smartcards) Intelligent Fleet Management System. Dynamic Demand Response.

19 ITS for Intermodality Multimodal Trip Planning (Traveller information) A cost-benefit analysis of the Bayern (Bavaria, Germany) case showed costs of 9 million per year and benefits of around 700 million (based on stated preference data). For software Route-Compass an evaluation of 156 users, carried out in 2000, found that 5% used public transport more as a result of the information on the CD, and 32% of users changed route. A survey for mobility effects of the information line, March 1994 (Netherlands), on 4,549 callers found that: 271 (6%) had changed their behaviour as a result of the call a third made a different trip, but still by public transport; a third used public transport instead of a private mode; a sixth made a trip that they would not otherwise have made; a sixth made the trip by car instead of by public transport.

20 ITS for Logistics Freight and Fleet Management Schedule and re-schedule vehicles more efficiently. Assess the need for more or fewer vehicles to carry out a set number of tasks (e.g. deliveries) since it is possible to see the average time taken and how far different drivers deviate from the average. Assess individual driver behaviour e.g. the time taken to carry out a delivery; fuel consumption in relation to driving style. Manage services in real time. Variable Message Signs Variable Message Signs (VMS).

21 ITS for Urban road safety Traffic Management Automatic Incident Detection (AID) systems are used to detect vehicles that have come to a stop, vehicles that are slowing down or pedestrians that are in locations that are off-limits. Policing/enforcing traffic regulations: E.g. Speeding Detection: Point speed cameras. Average speed cameras. Signs that alert drivers to their speed, but without any enforcement. Intelligent Speed Adaptation (ISA) - uses global positioning system technology to indicate to a vehicle its own location relative to speed limits. Active ISA introduces automatic control to the vehicle s engine and braking system so that the driver cannot exceed the speed limit (UK, the Netherlands, Sweden).

22 ITS for Walking and cycling Detection of pedestrians Pedestrian countdown at traffic signals Enhanced walking and cycling travel planning facilities and mapping The main barrier to more people cycling is concerns over safety, especially the worry about the volume of high-speed traffic. Detecting cyclists at signals Cycle Hire Scheme Bicycle sharing system RFID-chip-tag Motion detection systems Rain-Sensitive traffic light Green Wave. Green wave guide. Traveller information Pre-trip traffic information systems On-route information system Web and APP based systems Variable Message Signs Variable Message Signs (VMS)

23 ITS for Mobility management Mobility Management (MM) is a concept to promote sustainable transport and manage the demand for car use by changing travellers attitudes and behaviour. Demand Responsive Transport Management Ensure the highest possible utilisation of the vehicle and the driver(s). Allows users to make bookings by a variety of means not only by phone, but by SMS and internet. Alert users when a vehicle is close by, so that they can get ready to be picked up. This can reduce dwell times and so increase vehicle utilisation. Store user details (address, most common trips, disabilities etc.) in a database, to simplify and speed up the booking procedure. Traveller information Vulnerable Road User systems ( Vulnerable users include children, the elderly and disabled people): Pedestrian crossings that sense, using cameras, how long people are taking to cross the road, and giving them more time if they need it. Audible public transport information for blind/partially sighted people. Auditory location finder for blind/partially sighted people. Real time next stop indicators (visual and audible) on public transport vehicles.

24 Atlanta s Buford Highway A 7-lane road with no pavements and 2 miles between junctions and crossings (Source: ITS Romania Congress 2016

25 ? ITS Romania Congress 2016

26 Brussels ITS Romania Congress 2016

27 Amsterdam ITS Romania Congress 2016

28 Mexico City ITS Romania Congress 2016