GENERAL AND TECHNICAL SURVEY OF MSA AND/OR BUILDINGS MSA MARKING HUMANITARIAN MINE CLEARANCE

Transcription

1 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) GENERAL AND TECHNICAL SURVEY OF MSA AND/OR BUILDINGS MSA MARKING HUMANITARIAN MINE CLEARANCE S O P HCR TO 523 MARKING SYSTEM PLANNING MARKING PROCEDURE MARKING CRITERIA MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE REPORTING AND ENTERING DATA INTO THE DATABASE Class: /06-01/3 Ref. Code: DIRECTOR OF CROMAC: Oto Jungwirth January

2 CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION... 4 MARKING OF MSA SCOPE 2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES 3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS...ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 4 MARKING SYSTEM...ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 4.1.MARKING WITH MINE HAZARD BOARDS AND MINE HAZARD SIGNS Mine Hazard Boards Mine Hazard Signs 4.2. PERMANENT MARKING 4.3. TEMPORARY MARKING 4.4. IMPROVISED MARKING 5. PLANNING 5.1. SETTING PLANNING PRIORITIES 5.2. COMPLIANCE OF MARKING PLANS WITH OTHER PLANS 5.3. PLANNING LEVELS OPERATIONS DEPARTMENT CROMAC REGIONAL OFFICES 6. MARKING PROCEDURE 6.1. MARKING PREPARATIONS ANALYTICAL PREPARATION LOGISTIC PREPARATION 6.2. MARKING PROCEDURE IN A FIELD 6.3. REPORTING 6.4. ENTERING DATA INTO THE DATABASE DRAWING MARKING POSITIONS INTO THE MAP DATABASE UPDATE 7. MARKING REPORT VERIFICATION 7.1. IN CROMAC REGIONAL OFFICES 7.2. IN OPERATIONAL DEPARTMENT 8. MARKING CRITERIA 8.1. CRITERIA FOR SETTING PRIORITIES 8.2. CRITERIA FOR SETTING MARKING POSITIONS 2

3 8.3. MARKING PROCEDURE CRITERIA 9. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE 9.1. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE AS A PART OF GENERAL SURVEY 9.2. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE AS A PART OF TECHNICAL SURVEY 9.3. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE AS A PART OF SURVEY FOR PROJECT DEVELOPMENT 9.4. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE UPON COMPLETION OF MINE CLEARANCE/SEARCH WORKS 9.5. MARKING SYSTEM NAINTENANCE THROUGH THE COOPERATION WITH LOCAL AUTHORITIES 10. ATTACHMENTS TO SOP.22 ANNEX A.23 ANNEX B.24 ANNEX C.25 ANNEX D.27 ANNEX E.28 ANNEX F..30 ANNEX G.32 ANNEX N.33 ANNEX N/

4 INTRODUCTION Marking of mine suspected area and marking maintenance is primarily a CROMAC task. Marking and marking maintenance are performed continually, either as individual tasks or as a part of other mine action activities. Marking of mine suspected area in the Republic of Croatia by using mine hazard boards was executed during 2004 as a part of general survey carried out on the total area of all mine and UXO contaminated cities and municipalities in order to define mine suspected area in the Republic of Croatia. Therefore, this SOP represents a certain upgrade of the present marking system and it regulates the following activities: - Placing mine hazard boards on the border lines and safe paths and surfaces facing outwards mine suspected areas - Fencing of mined and mine suspected fields and buildings - Removal of mine hazard boards upon completion of demining works, in order to enable productive use of surface areas This SOP emphasizes the importance of the right timing in mine suspected area marking as well as importance of cooperation between CROMAC and local authorities and other MSA beneficiaries in informing each other on the situation, changes arisen and maintenance of MSA as a joint commitment. Based on developed MSA marking system, operational procedures MSA marking are stipulated in order to maintain marking system and warn on mine suspected locations more efficiently. Consequent SOP implementation will ensure the alignment between planning of marking procedures and marking maintenance in order to give qualitative and in-time information on mine threat existence in order to minimize the number of incidents involving people and animals. SOP implementers are obliged to check their practicality and suggest possible improvements. Operations Department will analyse SOP applicability, search for possible amendments and modifications and make sure it is compliant with regulations relevant for mine clearance operations. 4

5 MARKING OF MINE SUSPECTED AREA Marking of mine suspected area is a combination of measures and activities to identify the exact borders between safe and mine suspected areas and buildings. Marking system carried out according to plan enables reaching required marking level as well as in-time informing of MSA users and the entire population on danger threatening from mines and other ERW. Regular MSA monitoring enables prompt and in-time marking of new minesuspected areas as well as in-time informing of all responsible participants about the mine hazard. 1 SCOPE Standard operative procedures Marking of MSA stipulate all the activities related to marking of areas and buildings, carried out by Croatian Mine Action Centre. Standard operative procedures define planning, execution, and reporting on MSA marking. Execution of marking concretise activities of additional marking, relocation of marking boards, marking control, removal of marking boards when they are not necessary for marking of MSA and documenting. Standard operative procedures prescribe criteria for qualitative marking of mine suspected areas and buildings. Documents to be used during marking and fencing, their contents and instructions on how the forms should be filled with relevant data are prescribed as attachments to the SOPs. 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES This SOP is based on International Mine Action Standards (IMAS 08.40), laws and By-laws regulating demining activities in the Republic of Croatia (Demining Law, Rules and Regulations on Demining) and it is in accordance with other CROMAC Standard Operative Procedures. Normative references are listed in the Annex A. 3 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS This SOP is based on International Mine Action Standards defining terms and definitions relating to marking mine/uxo hazards. Terms and definitions are listed in Annex B. 4 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS AND MARKING SYSTEM Marking of mined and mine suspected areas and buildings is carried out in a following way: - Marking with mine hazard boards and mine hazard signs, - Permanent marking includes the use of physical barriers - Temporary marking by using temporary physical barriers - Improvised marking system by using locally available means 5

6 Croatian Mine Action Centre performs marking by using hazard boards and signs and performs temporary marking. Croatian Mine Action Centre organizes, carries out and/or monitors the execution of permanent marking activities. 4.1 Marking With Mine Hazard Signs and Mine Hazard Boards Mine hazard boards and mine hazard signs are commonly used in marking mine suspected areas. They are either placed individually and/or in combination with other marking systems Mine Hazard Boards Mine hazard boards are a clear visual mine hazard warning. They are placed on safe paths and areas leading towards mine suspected areas or buildings. By selecting a position of placing mine hazard boards and selecting a number of mine hazard boards, it is to ensure: - Mine hazard warning - To prevent entrance to mine suspected areas for local population and other passers-by. Hazard board must be clearly visible at a distance of minimum 50 m. Hazard board layout Hazard board is constructed of aluminum plate; dimension 800x600 mm with hardware structure and a vertical board pillar 2500 mm high. Background of the board is white. Hazard board contains the text: NE PRILAZITE NA OVOM PODRUČJU JE VELIKA OPASNOST OD MINA (written only in Croatian language. Meaning: DO NOT APPROACH MINE HAZARD ). In the middle of upper third of the board there is a universal symbol for danger skull and crossbones with words MINES. On the right bottom of the table is CROMAC logo. Example of hazard board is given in the Annex C (Picture 3) Mine Hazard Signs Mine hazard signs and boards give clear visual warning about the presence of mines. Unlike boards, hazard signs have smaller dimensions. Hazard sign, as individual marker is placed on safe paths and surface areas towards mine suspected areas. Hazard signs should be clearly visible in daylight at the distance of 30 m. Mine hazard signs are used: - When constructing physical barriers, - In combination with mine hazard boards to increase efficiency of marking system on the particular area. Hazard signs are made of plate or other materials that are not interesting to local people for practical use. 6

7 Hazard sign layout Hazard sign is either isosceles triangle, with a base of 28 cm and sides of 20 cm, or a square with 25 cm long sides. Background of the sign is red. DANGER/MINES should appear in the middle of the sign with skull and crossbones. Example of hazard sign is given in Annex C (Pictures 1 and 2) Permanent Marking Permanent marking system should be used to mark the perimeter of a mine and UXO hazard areas, determined by technical survey that are not scheduled for clearance in the near future. Permanent marking should represent a visual obstacle for people, and must resist all weather conditions in the period of minimum five years. Permanent marking should employ physical barrier to mined areas for animals and local population to prevent the entrance. The design of permanent marking system shall include permanent physical barriers made of metal or concrete uprights. Fences should be erected with two strands attached to uprights that are 1,80 m high and positioned not more than 15 m apart. Mine hazard signs shall be attached to the top strand of the fence not more than 15 m apart. Mine hazard signs should be clearly visible and clearly identify which side of the marked boundary is considered to be within MSA and which side is considered to be safe. The warning signs are displayed on the safe area, facing outwards from mine suspected area and/or building Temporary Marking Temporary marking systems should be used to mark perimeter of a mine and UXO hazard areas determined by technical survey that is currently under preparation for clearance operations (according to annual demining plan) and scheduled for clearance in the near future. Temporary marking should represent a visual obstacle for people and must resist all weather conditions until commencement of demining works. Temporary marking system is performed in the vicinity of populated places and areas used by local population. The design of temporary marking system shall include temporary physical barriers, made of wooden or plastic uprights. Fences should be erected with two strands attached to uprights that are 1,8 m high and positioned not more than 15 meters apart. Mine hazard sign should be attached to the top strand of the fence not more than 15 meters apart. 7

8 Mine hazard signs should be clearly visible and clearly identify which side of the marked boundary is considered to be within MSA and which side is considered to be safe. The warning signs are displayed on the safe area, facing outwards from mine suspected area and/or building. Exceptionally, instead of temporary marking, standard temporary marking system could be made in order to prevent entrance to mined areas because of their vicinity to the populated places and areas used by local population Improvised Marking System Improvised marking system is designed by local population that recognizes minecontaminated area or suspects the area to be mine contaminated. By using improvised marking system, local population warns about the potential danger until it is replaced with permanent or temporary marking system provided by the Croatian Mine Action Centre. Improvised marking system should use locally available means (rocks, crossed woods, piece of fabric etc) Improvised marking systems should be replaced with temporary/permanent marking system as soon as possible. 5. PLANNING Marking of mine suspected area and marking maintenance is one of CROMAC priorities. Planning of marking system should ensure efficient maintenance of marking system by controlling the changes in defined MSA boundaries, the control over current marking system and informing the MSA beneficiaries on changes arisen Setting Planning Priorities It is to define marking system in accordance to the following priorities: - Marking of new mine suspected areas/buildings with mine hazard signs and mine hazard boards and inform communities at risk, - Upon completion of demining works/search, defining new perimeters of MSA with mine hazard signs and mine hazard boards, - Fencing of mined and mine suspected areas, - Removal of mine hazard signs and mine hazard boards that are not needed any more, their relocation or return to storehouse, - Marking system maintenance - Integration with local authorities on informing (every six months) about current situation and changes regarding marking of cities/municipalities 8

9 5.2. Compliance of Marking Plans With Other Plans Marking plans should be compliant with the following plans: 5.3. Planning Levels - General survey plan of cities/municipalities - Additional general survey plans - Technical survey plans - Demining plans Marking plans provided by CROMAC are needed to ensure control and maintenance of marking systems for entire mine suspected area in the Republic of Croatia Operations Department provides operational planning for marking systems. Operations Department gives guidelines, coordinates and drafts annual marking plan as well as operational marking plans based on proposal from CROMAC regional offices. Operations Department controls, directs, verifies and monitors marking plan fulfilment. Monitoring of marking plan implementation and other marking changes is provided by weekly, monthly and periodic reports CROMAC regional offices provide marking in cities/municipalities under their authority. CROMAC regional offices prepare Annual marking plan proposal. Annual plan coordinates marking implementation with other CROMAC activities or can be provided as independent activity. CROMAC regional offices in their Annual plan coordinate marking plans with general survey plans, technical survey plans, demining plans, community requirements, operational sector guidelines, available capacities and their own assessment on MSA marking situation. Annual plan must ensure annual control and maintenance of marking system in cities and municipalities that are under CROMAC regional office sphere of action. CROMAC regional offices perform marking of MSA based on the Annual marking plan and deriving periodic and monthly operational plans. Operational plan as a specific plan unit determines name of the municipality-city, surface indication P, as a reference to marking execution. Monitoring and execution of marking, regional office performs on weekly, monthly and periodic basis and reports to the Operations Department. 9

10 6. MARKING PROCEDURE Marking as independent activity is executed based on monthly operational plans and order from head of a regional office. Marking refers to the following activities: - Placing mine hazard signs and boards - Fencing mined and mine suspected areas/buildings - Removal or replacement of marking signs upon completion of demining works - Control and maintenance of marking - Reporting and input into the Mine Information System Marking as a part of other activities must be incorporated into standard operative procedures of those activities. Marking as a part of general survey is performed in accordance with SOP General survey. Marking as a part of technical survey, is conducted in accordance with SOP Technical survey. Marking as a part of project development is executed in accordance with SOP Project development. Marking as a part of QA/QC is executed in accordance with SOP Quality Assurance and Quality Control. General survey teams formed on the level of CROMAC regional offices usually perform the marking. Teams formed for additional general surveys perform marking of MSA where mine clearance/mine search project is completed. Marking is carried out on a safe terrain, without entering into mine suspected area. Head of Survey Section is responsible for preparing a marking team and controls marking. Together with a team leader controls the quality of marking procedure and verifies the report on marking by his signature. Head of CROMAC regional office is most responsible for the execution of planned marking activities. He monitors marking procedure and verifies the reports Marking Preparations Marking preparations comprise analytical preparation for marking and logistic preparation for execution of works. 10

11 Analytical Preparation Analytical preparation understands detailed analysis on MSA situation. Analytical preparation determines the situation and possible unknowns referring to the area to be marked. Analytical preparation includes the following data analysis: - Data on areas needed to be included to MSA - Data on areas that already exist within MSA - Data on areas that excluded from MSA - Reports on executed marking activities - Data on compliance between the data already existing in the database and those in the marking reports - Data on territorial characteristics and safe access roads to the MSA where marking is performed. Analytical preparation should result in precise defining of tasks and goals to be reached by the execution of marking activities. Analytical preparation of marking comprises drafting of the following documents: - Working topographic maps S 1: and Croatian Basic Maps S 1: containing the following data: surface areas within the MSA P, numerical marks of the mine hazard table and sign positions, numerical marks of fence position, planed positions to be marked. Data shown on the map is updated or corrected (if needed) with data collected in the field as a result of marking procedure. - Report containing marking data of municipality-city (gathered from the database) where marking is to be performed in accordance with the SOP Annex N. Report is fulfilled with new marking data and maintained situation in the field. - Requests for cooperation with local authorities, public institutions on marking emplacement in the unknown terrain - Logistic support needed. Analytical preparation is conducted by marking team and deminer-analyst with guidelines from the Head of Survey Section. Analytical preparation is verified by the Head of Survey Section based on previous control of drafted documents and general competence of marking team Logistic Preparation Logistic support comprises accuracy and completeness of marking equipment, accommodation arrangements and travel allowance. 11

12 Marking equipment must ensure optimal conditions for qualitative marking emplacement. Equipment includes the following: a) Measuring equipment b) Viewing device - Hand compass - Laser distance meter - Measuring tape - Sonar - GPS - Binoculars c) Documenting equipment d) Working tool - PC - Digital camera - Drawing tool - Drill - Hammer (5 kg) - Elbow pipe wrench - Riveting tool - Spray - Screwdriver e) Marking tool (type, quantity and quality) f) Off road vehicle - Mine hazard signs and mine hazard tables - Uprights (wooden and plastic) - String, barbed wire, mine tape - Nails g) Communications h) Working suit and shoes - Mobile phone 12

13 6.2. Marking in the Field Marking is performed according to priorities and tasks set, predefined by marking order and analytic preparation results. Marking procedure sequence: a) Determination of MSA boundary by comparing geo-topographic data shown on the map with the real situation in the field. b) Establishing safe pathways leading to the MSA boundary and boundaries of other safe areas that have been either mine cleared, searched or excluded from MSA by general survey. c) Determine the MSA boundaries according to situation in database and foreseen marking positions according to analytical preparation. d) Assess the efficiency of determined MSA boundaries and provide corrections for any inconsistencies, if needed. e) Perform marking on defined position with mine hazard signs, boards or fences. f) Establish coordinates of mine hazard sign positions with GPS for better orientation. g) Establish coordinates of mine hazard signs for the purpose of precise insertion into a map (database). h) Insert the positions into the Croatian Basic Map S 1: i) Documenting (taking photos and recording). During the execution of marking on the unknown terrain, it is required to establish the co-operation with local population, local community and public institutions representatives. Main tasks of marking procedure are continuous control over previously executed marking on the subject area as per situation in the database, replacing missing mine warning signs and maintain marking as well as entering data on possible changes in MSA marking into the database Reporting Reports are written by marking team leader (as described in Annex E and/or F). The following documents are developed as the attachments to Report: - Record on changes in the MSA marking (Annex N and/or N/1), - Photographs of mine hazard signs and boards, mine fences, - Map S 1: with marked MSA and marking data, 13

14 - Map S 1: with marked MSA category as per method of demining, area codes AC, minefield data (vectors, minefields, mine incidents, other indicators) and marked marking and fencing positions with numerical marks of the positions. Head of Survey Section controls and verifies marking report and then submits it to Head of CROMAC Regional Office for final approval Entering Data Into the Database Marking team leader enters the data into the database. Data entry includes: - Drawing the positions of executed marking with mine hazard signs and boards, - Drawing the positions of executed MSA marking by fencing in form of a vector, - Update on changes in MSA marking Drawing Marking Positions into the Map Data is drawn into a map S 1: with presented MSA of the municipality-city and previous marking situation. Previous marking situation is updated with the following data (symbols): - Information on already existing marking positions - Information on the positions where the MSA marking should be performed (new positions or previously defined positions from which mine hazard boards have been removed or permanently damaged marking not completed). Positions are drawn based on Y, X coordinates, determined in the GIS and upon fieldwork. When marking is designed as physical barriers, positions are drawn with more coordinates (X, Y) - (when barrier is constituted of more elements: canals, transition crossings and other surface areas outside the MSA) or when barrier is curved with the existence of turning points. Head of Survey Section controls and verifies the data on executed marking entered into the database Database Update Based on the Report on executed marking, updated data on changes in the MSA marking of the municipality-city is entered into the database as per Annexes N and/or N1. 14

15 Data update comprises the following: - Entry of data on the new MSA marking positions, - Entry of data on the control, removal and relocation of mine hazard signs and mine fences, - Entry of data on the established disappearance and permanent damage of mine hazard signs and mine fences as well as justifiability estimate of reporting established changes in the MSA marking to the Police. Database must reflect and maintain the marking situation as it is in municipalities, cities and counties in the Republic of Croatia. 7. Marking Report Verification Marking Report developed by marking team leader is a subject of verification based on the analysis carried out and control of the Report As well as data entered into the database as per that Report. 7.1 In CROMAC Regional Office: Marking report is verified by the Head of CROMAC Regional Office. Verification is based on previous detailed analysis, control of inputs and verification of report by the Head of Survey Section. Marking team leader is responsible for accuracy and verity of data. Report on Executed Marking is submitted to the Operations Department for verification together with the following documents: - Report on marking/fencing of the MSA, - Report on possible changes during the MSA marking/fencing, As per Annex N and/or Annex N1, - Map S 1: with marked MSA boundaries and other relevant marking/fencing data, - Map S 1: of the area where marking was completed with presented MSA categorization as per method of demining, surface area codes SAC, mine contamination data (minefield vectors, mine incidents, other mine contamination indicators) and marked marking and/or fencing positions with their numerical codes In the Operations Department: Assistant Director for Operations verifies the Marking Report. Verification is based on previous detailed analysis, control and verification by Survey and Operative Planning Department. Control of documents and MSA situation analysis is based on the SOP MSA Marking. Marking Report not compliant with the SOP is a subject of further development and modification as well as repeated verification to be performed by CROMAC regional office. 15

16 Verified marking report is an official document providing information on changes arisen in marking the following subjects: - CROMAC IT Department, - CROMAC Regional Office that executed marking, - Concerned municipality-city, - Concerned county, - Concerned Police Department, - MSA users at their request or the users realize their interests on the area where there were some changes in marking performed. According to verified marking report and at the request of the Operations Department, IT Department makes the map representing new MSA marking situation or marking situation of the municipality/city in their entirety. Operations Department edits a document on MSA marking and submits it to CROMAC director for approval. 8. MARKING CRITERIA Correct priority set up and proper marking of hazardous area should ensure efficient alert of local population on mine hazards and other ERW, with the main aim to reduce accidents as much as possible. Marking positions are determined through analytical preparation and data collected during the execution of marking activities in the field (as described in paragraph 6.2.). Positions to be marked are determined by marking team leader, based on the following priorities: 8.1. Criteria for Determination of Marking Priorities - Mined areas of high risk where mine incidents took place; - Populated mined and mine suspected areas/buildings: houses and private plots, churches, cemeteries and other facilities located in the close vicinity of local people performing their every day activities; - Areas close to roads, macadam roads, passages, aqueducts and other used by locals and other passers-by that are not familiar with the surroundings or not informed on the new MSA situation (tourists, hikers, hunters etc). - Mined areas where existence of mines was confirmed through technical survey, mine clearance and general survey Criteria for Setting Marking Positions - While setting marking positions, it is necessary to define safe pathways leading to MSA and safe pathways directly bordering the MSA; 16

17 - Marking position is generally determined on the safe area, bordering the MSA; - On the terrains that make the MSA inaccessible, marking position is determined on the safe area of the final possible access (on foot) to the MSA boundary; - Marking is executed in direction of possible movement towards the MSA. Marking must be clearly visible and recognizable. Hazard board (large) should be clearly visible in daylight at a distance of 50 m whilst hazard sign (triangle) must be visible at a distance of 30 m; While determining marking positions, it is required to gather information on safe access roads and paths to the MSA. Information is gathered in cooperation with local authorities, police departments and other MSA users familiar with the situation in the field. For MSA marking on unknown terrain, CROMAC Regional Offices must require and provide a guide from the local authority Marking Procedure Criteria Marking procedure assessment is based on mine hazard level threatening to local population and others passing by the MSA and also the need to prevent animal entering into MSA. a) Marking with mine hazard boards commonly used for temporary and permanent marking. They are placed either individually or in combination with other hazard marking signs. Because of simplicity of their placement, they are also used for temporary marking of mined and MSA/buildings until physical barriers are being erected. b) Marking with mine hazard signs (triangle) used for marking of MSA together with physical barriers. They are placed as a marker of mine/uxo findings. Mine hazard signs could be used in combination with mine hazard boards as adequate marker for spatially small mined and mine suspected areas and buildings. In addition, mine hazard signs could be used as individual method for temporary marking in case mine hazard boards are not available. c) Marking by erecting temporary physical barriers - mine fence is used to mark the perimeter of mine/uxo hazard area (determined by general or technical survey) in preparation for clearance operations (Annual plan). Also, emplacement of temporary physical barrier is needed to mark the MSA (without determining the existence of mines and UXO) that is in the vicinity of local population everyday activities (close to schools, churches, cemeteries, sport terrains, swimming pools etc.) 17

18 d) Marking by erecting permanent physical barriers mine fence is used to mark the perimeter of mine/uxo hazard area that is not scheduled for clearance in near future. Also, emplacement of permanent physical barriers is needed for marking mine and UXO hazard areas that are in vicinity of local population everyday activities regardless their priority set by the Annual plan (close to schools, churches, cemeteries, sport terrains, swimming pools etc). 9. MARKING SYSTEM MAINTENANCE Based on changes in the MSA boundaries arisen, marking system needs to be maintained through the control and upgrade of previously executed marking.. Marking system maintenance is a continuous task carried out either as individual activity or as a part of other activities as follows: As a part of general survey As a part of technical survey As a part of project survey Upon completion of mine search/mine clearance operations Cooperation with local authorities (cities, municipalities, Ministry of internal affairs) 9.1 Marking System Maintenance as a Part of General Survey General survey implementation comprises the following marking activities: Marking the perimeters of mine and UXO hazard area and emplacement of mine hazard boards, Marking the perimeters of mine and UXO hazard areas and erecting the physical barriers (in accordance to article 8.3 c), Repeated emplacement of mine hazard boards because previously placed were removed by the unknown perpetrator, Replacement of mine hazard boards because previously placed are damaged, Defining new positions and marking new perimeters of mine/uxo hazard area and removal of mine hazard boards from locations excluded from the MSA. (upon the opinion of CROMAC Director issued), Removal of mine hazard boards no longer needed and their return to the storehouse upon the Opinion of CROMAC Director issued by which the area and building are cancelled from the MSA, Comparison between marking situation in the field and situation in database. Report on marking (Annex E) and/or fencing (Annex F), carried out as a part of general survey, is made in cases when during marking procedures new positions for placing mine hazard signs, boards or fences are defined. Leader of a survey team is filling out the Report on marking and enters data to the database according to articles 6.3 and 6.4 of Standard Operating Procedures. 18

19 Leader of a general survey team makes the Report on changes in MSA marking, on the control of marking and/or fencing carried out on the general survey area without defining new positions of mine hazard signs, boards or fences as per Annex N and/or N/1. Verification of the Report is carried out in accordance with the Article 7 of Standard Operating Procedures. Marking Report is submitted for verification to the Operations Division together with the Report on general survey of mine suspected areas. 9.2 Marking System Maintenance as a Part of Technical Survey Technical survey implementation comprises the following marking activities: Definition of priority positions and placing of mine hazard signs on locations where (based on technical survey and information gathered) it is determined that they have to be included into mine suspected areas. Head of CROMAC Regional Office must be informed about the additional technical survey performance and marking procedure. Defining the positions and erecting temporary physical barriers on locations where (based on technical survey and information gathered) it is determined that they have to be included into mine suspected areas according to Article 8.3 c). Head of CROMAC Regional Office must be informed about the additional technical survey performance and marking procedure. Repeated placing of mine hazard signs on locations where previously placed signs are either damaged (weather conditions) or removed by the unknown doer. Replacement of permanently damaged mine hazard signs. Comparison between marking situation in the field and situation in database. Report on marking (Annex E) and/or fencing (Annex F), carried out as a part of technical survey is made in cases when, during marking procedures, new positions for placing mine hazard signs are defined. Leader of a survey team makes the Report on marking and database input, according to articles 6.3 and 6.4 of Standard Operating Procedures. Leader of a technical survey team makes the Report on changes during marking procedures in accordance to annex N and/or N/1. Review of a Marking Report is carried out in accordance to Article 7 of Standard Operating Procedures. Marking Report is submitted for verification to the Operations Department together with the Report on Technical Survey of MSA. 19

20 9.3. Marking System Maintenance as a Part of Survey for Project Development Survey for Project Development comprises the following marking activities: Comparison between the marking situation in the field and situation in database, according to Annex N; Submission of the Report on marking situation on the project area to the Head of CROMAC Regional Office; Report on areas that need to be included into MSA by additional general survey and marking. Report is submitted to Head of Regional Office. Project designer makes the Record on marking situation in a project area, according to Annex N and submits it to Head of Regional Office. Verification of Marking Report is carried out in accordance with the Article 7 of Standard Operating Procedures. Marking Report is submitted for verification to the Operations Department together with the Project Marking System Maintenance Upon Completion of Mine Clearance/Mine Search Operations Upon completion of mine clearance/mine search on the project area, but not later than 7 days from the completion, the QA Officer - Head of control over executed demining operations and the Head of Survey Section in the Regional Office will estimate the marking situation, taking into consideration changes occurred by mine clearance and mine search operations on the project area. Marking situation estimate should establish: Positions where previously placed mine hazard signs now need to be removed To determine new positions for placing mine hazard signs Need for additional marking of mine suspected area with the estimate of a number of mine hazard signs needed Need for fencing the project boundaries in cases when mines are partly placed outside the project area (what becomes a subject of another project) Removal of previously placed mine hazard signs on the mine cleared area Based on the estimate and needs, Head of respective Regional Office will order marking team leader to carry out additional marking of mine suspected area in the period of seven days. Marking team leader makes the Report on executed marking operations and enters new data into the database, according to Points 6.3 and 6.4 of Standard Operating Procedures. Verification of the Report is carried out in accordance with the Article 7 of Standard Operating Procedures. 20

21 Report on marking procedure carried out on the area where mine clearance/mine search is finished, is submitted to Operations Department for verification, not later than 20 days from completion of mine clearance quality control Marking System Maintenance Through the Cooperation with Local Authorities (Cities, Municipalities, Ministry of Internal Affairs) The national mine action authority is responsible for maintenance of marking systems and they should inform the communities and local authorities on the MSA marking and fencing activities carried out. They should ask for the feedback information on the quality of executed marking and eventual necessities for additional MSA marking and fencing. Cooperation is needed to develop awareness of the joint obligation to protect the local population from mine danger. Cooperation is also needed in order to ensure in time information about the MSA marking situation in the field and disappearance of mine hazard signs due to either bad weather conditions or irresponsible doers. In case of removal of mine hazard signs as a result of weather conditions or actions of irresponsible doers, CROMAC must inform the local police station. Marking maintenance must be integrated into local programs, public institutions programs in order to inform communities on the existing mine risk and consequently reduce mine incidents to the lowest level possible. 21

22 10. ATTACHMENTS TO SOP ANNEX A.Terms and definitions ANNEX B..Normative references ANNEX C...Hazard markers MSA ANNEX D.Order for MSA marking ANNEX E.Report on MSA marking ANNEX F.Report on MSA fencing ANNEX G.MSA marking symbols ANNEX N Record on possible changes in the MSA marking ANNEX N/1....Record on possible changes in the MSA fencing 22

23 ANNEX A TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Mine suspected area (MSA) a generic term for an area which is dangerous due to the presence or suspected presence of mines/uxo and therefore is not in productive use. It is defined as a polygon. Hazard marking system a combination of measures and activities carried out on order to define clear boundary between safe and suspected mined area and serves to warn and protect the public from mine and UXO hazards. The system may include the use of signs and markers or the erection of physical barriers. Permanent marking represents the system of physical and visual barrier for the free movement of people and cattle. It is performed on the area that is not scheduled in the Annual CROMAC Plan for demining operations execution in the near future Hazard sign a permanent, manufactured sign which, when placed as part of a marking system is designed to provide warning to the public of the presence of mines. Hazard marker; all the objects defining the boundaries of hazardous area except the signs that warn people on the existing mine contamination. the Annual CROMAC Plan 23

24 ANNEX B Normative References Rules and Regulations on Methods of Demining, National Gazette 79/00, 87/02, 94/02, 149/02, 138/03 and 123/05 Law on Humanitarian Demining, National Gazette 19/96, 86/98 and 64/00 IMAS Marking Mine and UXO Hazards SOP General Survey SOP Technical Survey SOP Quality Assurance and Quality Control of Demining Activities SOP Demining Project The Protocol on Prohibition or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby-Traps and other devices as amended on 3 May 1996 (Protocol II to the 1980 Convention as amended on 3 May 1996) Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti Personnel Mines and on their Destruction. 24

25 ANNEX C HAZARD SIGNS FOR MARKING OF MINE SUSPECTED AREAS Figure C1: Hazard sign triangle 28cm OPASNOST / MINE 20cm Figure C2: Hazard sign square 25cm OPASNOST / MINE 20cm 25cm Description: 1. The signs should have a red background with a white skull and crossbones symbol together with the words OPASNOST / MINE. The dimensions of the triangular sign should be: base 28 cm and sides 20 cm, whereas the dimensions of the square sign should be 25cm x 25cm x 2 mm. 2. The rear surface of the sign should be white. 25

26 Figure C3: CROMAC mine hazard table for marking of MSA 26

27 Figure C4: Standard mine fence max 15m max 15m 1,5m 1m 0,25 m Level of soil surface 27

28 ANNEX D Regional office Date: Order form for execution of marking Class: Ref.no: Order form mark: County: Municipality / City: Village: Team leader: Preparationcommencement: Marking commencement (date, hour): Date: Team members: Preparation completion: Marking deadline (date, hour): Marking surface: Type of marking: marking fencing Basis for task execution: Purpose of marking: according to plan irregular tasks Referring document: Marking tool: tape uprights wire sign table Surface anticipated for marking (m 2 ): Length anticipated for marking (m 1 ) Enclosures: Order issued by: Head of regional office: Order received by: Team leader:

29 ANNEX E Regional office Date: Report on execution of marking Class: Ref.No: General data Report mark: Marking tool: table sign Name of the area: Marking order: Purpose of marking: Cartographic data County: Village: Topographic map 1:25000: Basic Croatian Map 1:5000: Information on a team and expenditures Area previously marked: Municipality / City: Yes No Commencement date: Team leader: Team members: Completion date: Expenditures: signs(pieces.) tables (pieces.) Data on marking procedure of surface "P" Surface mark "P" Surface category Additionally marked positions New positions to be marked 2

30 Information on new hazard marker positions (marking is either emplaced or position is foreseen to be marked) Position Hazard board coordinates Referent point of a position Demarcation point According to a map According to GPS X Y X Y Referent point of a position Coordinates GPS X Y Azimuth: position of a board referent point Distance from board position to referent point Name of demarcation point Azimuth: reference point demarcati on point Type of placed marker: small or big or estimated Conclusion on marking of MSA according to order form for marking: Enclosures: Report filled out by: Report assessed and controlled by: Final approve by: Team leader: Head of survey department: Head of regional office: 3

31 ANNEX F Regional office Date: Report on execution of fencing Class: Ref.No: General data Report mark: Name of the area Order form for fencing: Purpose of fencing: Cartographic data: County: Village: npr. IOGI npr. NOBI Topographic map 1:25000: List karte Basic Croatian Map 1:5000: List karte Information on the team and expenditures Commencement date: Team leader: Team members: Type: Surface previously fenced: tape uprights wire Municipality / city: Completion date: Yes No Expenditures: tape(m) wire(m) uprights(pieces) Data on fencing procedure of surface "P" Surface mark "P" Surface category New marks of fencing positions of the area A New marks of the positions where no marking of the area A was executed 4

32 Data on new marking positions (marking is either emplaced or is planned to be) Position marks Turning points Coordinates of a physical barrier Referent point of a physical barrier positions Demarcation point According to map X Y X Y According to GPS GPS coordinates Name of the referent point X Y Azimuth: position of a physical barrier - ref. point Distance from physical barrier to ref. point Name of demarcation point Azimuth: ref. point demarcati on point Type of physical barrier: Permanent or Temporary or Planned Conclusion on marking according to order form for marking: Enclosures: Report filled out by: Report assessed and controlled by: Final approve by: Team leader: Head of survey department: Head of regional office: 5

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34 Marking symbols Marking mode Design of a symbol Marked position Position to be marked Big mine hazard table Small mine hazard table Mine hazard sign (triangle) Temporary physical barrier Permanent physical barrier Mark of a table position Turning point of a physical barrier 7

35 Mark of table position Type of survey or Report on marking RECORD ON CHANGES DURING MARKING OF MUNICIPALITIES/CITIES (BY USING MINE HAZARD TABLES) Date of first table placing Mine hazard Table coordinates according to a map Y X Date of a control / table removal / table replacement Data on either missing or permanently damaged table Date of espied missing or permanent damage of the table Date of replacement Date of report on missing/permanently damaged table to Police Department or Report needed or Report not needed Conclusion Position marked with mine hazard table (YES / NO / Not needed) Type of placed table (Big / Small) Marking or changes carried out by (Name) MSA of Municipality/City marked on Positions of mine hazard tables on (date) Information on changes in comparison to previous situation: Number of placed mine hazard tables comparing to previous situation (according to database): Determined number of missing and permanently damaged mine hazard tables (by survey or marking control): Number of replaced mine hazard tables: Number of missing and damaged mine hazard tables reported to Police department: Number of positions not marked with mine hazard tables: Number of new positions of mine hazard tables determined during marking emplacement: Number of mine hazard tables used for marking: Number of positions needed to be marked (marking is not yet completed): Note: Date: Team leader: 8

36 Mark of fencing position Type of survey or Marking report Date of first table placing RECORD ON CHANGES DURING FENCING OF MUNICIPALITIES/CITIES Turning point coordinates according to a map Y X Date of a control / fence removal / fence replacement Data on either missing or permanently damaged fence Date of espied missing or permanent damage of a fence Date of repair or reerection of a fence Date of report on missing / permanent damage of a fence to Police Department or Report needed or Report not needed MSA fenced on a position (YES / NO / Not needed) Conclusion Type of placed table (Temporary/ Permanent) Fencing or changes on fencing carried out by (Name) MSA of Municipality/city Marked on Positions fenced on (date) Information on changes in comparison to previous situation: Number of placed fences comparing to previous situation (according to database): Determined number of missing/permanently damaged fences(by survey or marking control): Number of repaired or re-erected fences: Number of missing or permanently damaged fences reported to the police: Number of positions that are not fenced: Number of new table positions determined during marking procedure: Number of new fence positions (in comparison to the situation from database): Number of positions needed to be fenced (marking is not yet completed): Note: Date: Team leader: (Name, signature) 9

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