Dr. Konstantinos Galanis

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1 Dr. Konstantinos Galanis Operations & Technical Senior Manager Seanergy Maritime Holdings Corp.

2 To describe the different kinds of ships that are in common use The employment they are engaged in The kind of equipment that can be found onboard The criteria employed by shipowners in deciding what sort & size of vessel to buy Ship management function in context with the crew, owners, charterers, shippers or passengers

3 Ship s size and dimensions can be measured with the tonnage or capacity Tonnages Space Tonnages Measurements Ship Plans

4 Actual weights of the ship and its cargo Light Displacement Tonnage Is the actual weight of the vessel as constructed and afloat excluding fuel, stores, crew etc. Useful for scrapping purposes and draught survey calculations Total Displacement Tonnage Is the LDT plus the weight of all fuel, stores, lubricants, crews effects and everything else required to make the ship ready to go to sea Constants Estimated abt. 3,000t of a 40,000t dwt vessel Useful to describe the size of military vessels Deadweight (dwt) Is the total weight of a ship when fully loaded with cargo, fuel, stores, lubricants and other constants. Max DWT is when the ship is loaded to its summer loadline Deadweight Cargo Capacity (DWCC) Is the weight of cargo that a ship can carry Usually refers to the amount possible with a full bunker, constants loaded and with the ship submerged to its summer loadline Subject to amount of bunkers carried onboard

5 Light Displacement Tonnage Total Displacement Tonnage Deadweight (dwt)

6 Mere numbers based on an international formula (International Tonnage Convention) for comparing the overall size of ships. Used by ports and statutory bodies as the basis of levying dues or taxes on vessels. Gross Tonnage Tonnage Convention 1969 Intended figure as a measure of all enclosed spaces on a ship including the superstructure. Net Tonnage The GT less those spaces such as engine room and crew accommodation that cannot be used for commercial purposes

7 Length Over All (LOA): the length of the ship from the foremost point on the bow to the most aft point of the stern Beam: the overall width of the ship, often referred to as breadth Moulded Depth: the height of the ship from the bottom of the keel to the top of the main deck Draught: the distance from the waterline to the bottom of the keel Air Draught: the distance from the waterline to the highest point on the ship s superstructure, usually the top of the mast Grain Cubic Capacity: the measurement in cubic meters or cubic feet of the internal capacity of all cargo spaces when they are filled with a free flowing material such as bulk grain Bale Cubic Capacity: the measurement in cubic meters or cubic feet of the internal capacity of all accessible cargo spaces if the holds are full of baled cargo (smaller spaces and recesses are excluded) Lane Metres: all RO RO ships have their cargo spaces divided into lanes in which vehicles will be stowed one behind the other. The total length of all the lanes in meters is used to describe the cargo capacity of the ship. TEU: container ships are usually described in terms of the number of containers they can carry. The abbreviation of TEU stands for Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit.

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9 General Arrangement Plans

10 Capacity Plans

11 Stowage Plans

12 Hull, Compartments, Watertight bulkheads, Forecastle, Cargo Holds, Hatch, Tween Decks, Cranes, Gantries Double Bottom, Wing Tanks Engine Room, Accommodation, Propeller, Rudder Loadlines

13 Steam powered Diesel Engines (Slow or Medium speed) Consume IFO and/or HFO and/or MDO and/or LNG Low Sulfur fuel oil requirements

14 Liners Tramps Trading area to define the type of vessel Bill of Lading Charter Party

15 Dry cargo Tankers Miscellaneous

16 Bulk carriers, Multipurpose Container, RO RO

17 Self trimming Cargo Safety

18 Hold Structure

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20 Designed to transport: Bulk cargo Bagged cargo Containers General cargo 5,000 to 25,000 dwt Tweendecks Large hatches Gear that can lift containers and other heavy pieces of cargo of up to 40 tonnes

21 Cellular holds with vertical frames or guides Faster intermodal transfers 20 or 40 foot containers Can be self sustainable Containers can be refrigerated Hatch covers: either slab or pontoon type

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26 Suitable for cargo that can be driven on and off the ships, i.e. cars, lories and cargo on trailers

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28 Two or more decks Insulated holds Extensive compressor system Speed of up to abt. 22~23 knots

29 Carry crude oil ( dirty ) Refined or semi refined petroleum products ( clean ) Wide variety of other liquid cargoes Crude carrier, Product Tanker, Chemical Tanker

30 Special equipment Cleaning of tanks

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32 Drill ship Production platform

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40 Cheapest form of transportation using ton mile The larger the ship the cheaper it is Flexibility Trade patterns

41 Internal management Third party management

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44 External Ramps: Axial bow and stern ramps Angled quarter ramps Slewing ramps Internal Ramps: fixed or moveable serving 2 or more decks Bow visor Elevator vs. Ramps Require less internal space & cargo can be stowed on them (+) Positioning of elevators must be carefully chosen, more complicated, maneuvering, interrupted cycles of operation ( ) Elevators functions Wire operated Chain operated Scissor lifts

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46 Attempt the following and check your answers from the text: 1. How would you express the size of the following: a. b. c. Dry bulk carriers Reefers Container ships 2. What is a dirty cargo? How would a Master of a modern ship clean the tanks at the discharge port? 3. Why might a ship be fitted with deck cranes? Essay Using a trade of your choice, discuss fully the factors you would need to take into consideration when advising your principal which type of ship to purchase. Using the map show the typical routes for this trade.