APPENDIX H TRAINING PROVISIONS UNDER THE COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING APPROACH

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1 APPENDI TRAINING PROVISIONS UNDER TE COMPETENCY-BASED TRAINING APPROAC Introduction A summary of the most noticeable changes to be considered are: The goal of competency-based training and assessment 1. Removal of Table 1.5.A and Table 1.5.B: is to provide focused training in order to produce a competent workforce. It does so by identifying key comcategories of dangerous goods personnel with Tables 1.5.A and 1.5.B currently match various petencies that need to be achieved, determining the most effective way of achieving them and establishing valid and specific subject matter for which they should be reliable assessment tools to evaluate their achievement. familiar. While these tables are intended as guidance, they are often considered as ICAO introduced the Procedures for Air Navigation Ser- mandatory requirements which contradicts the vices Training (PANS-TRG, Doc 9868) in the form of overarching principle of commensurate with reguidance as a first step towards implementation of sponsibilities required of dangerous goods traincompetency-based training in Since then, compe- ing curricula in DGR This has led to the tency-based training assessment guidance has been unintended consequence of training curricula developed for several aviation functions including aircraft being developed based on employee titles or maintenance personnel, designated medical examiners, positions instead of the functions they perform flight procedure designers, flight validation pilots, air traffic resulting in some employees being trained on controllers and air traffic safety electronics personnel. subject matter unrelated to the functions they The ICAO Dangerous Goods Panel (DGP) undertook the perform and not being adequately trained on development of guidance on a competency-based apthey perform. This approach is in complete subject matter that is related to the functions proach to dangerous goods training. The guidance aims to assist operators and other entities involved in the contrast to the principles of competency-based transport of dangerous goods to implement a competentables, the need for employers to determine the training and assessment. By removing the cy-based approach. type and level of knowledge necessary to per- The IATA DGR require that employers ensure personnel form specific functions is reinforced and supports are trained to perform their designated function(s) com- the requirement for employees to be trained petently. While a competency-based training approach is commensurate with their responsibilities. an effective way to ensure compliance with dangerous 2. Shift from requiring tests to verify understanding goods training requirements, other training approaches to requiring continuous assessment of compemay also be considered acceptable as long as they result tency: in the development of a trained person competent to perform their designated function(s). The Regulations currently require the provision of tests following training to verify understanding. An essential component of a competency-based ap- While this method is useful in determining the proach to training is the development of a competency degree to which dangerous goods personnel framework. A competency framework is a structure outlin- may understand the material, it should not be the ing an employee s expected performance for given func- only activity that an employer utilizes to assess tions. The framework consists of competency units, com- an employee s competency in an assigned funcpetency elements and performance criteria. Competency tion. The application of a competency-based standards are defined based on expected job perform- approach is to determine the expected standards ance in a specific work context. of performance of personnel. Once established, While the wording of the revised provisions has changed, these standards support the development of the principle of commensurate with responsibilities and appropriate assessment to ensure that personnel the goal of ensuring all employees perform their functions not only understand the subject matter involved competently has not. The revisions simply emphasize in their job, they also have the required skills and these principles by supporting a competency-based appliance with safety standards. knowledge to carry out their function in com- proach to training and assessment and provides guidelines and tools for the implementation. The provisions below represent the additional attachments to be published by ICAO in the edition of the Technical Instructions. The objective is to seek comment from States and all parties involved on the proposed content for competency-based dangerous goods training and its impact. ICAO will be collecting 58th EDITION, 1 JANUARY

2 Dangerous Goods Regulations feedback and comments. These must be submitted by Notes: 31 March 2017 through the following web site: 1. Editorial notes have been added where appropriate Website: to assist users to understand the implications of the changes. Provisions that are still subject to ongoing Provisions aspx discussion by the ICAO DGP are enclosed in square brackets [ ] to identify that they may not appear as Based on comments received, further amendments to the shown in this appendix or may be modified in the proposed training provisions, competency framework and final Regulations. additional guidance material may be presented to the 2. To assist readers of this appendix, the section DGP for further consideration at its twenty-sixth meeting references in the appendix reflect those within the which will be held during the fourth quarter of 2017 for DGR, for example.1.5.a identifies the changes that possible inclusion in the Edition of the Techniwill appear in 1.5. The likely impact on the various cal Instructions. DGR sections are identified by way of the standard Since these changes are significant, and given the need reference marks used throughout the DGR (see for all parties in the transport chain to be aware of the Appendix B.2.1). potential impact on existing dangerous goods training programs, we provide below the relevant information on how it would modify Section 1.5 of the DGR. The related information presented below includes: impending changes to Section 1.5 of the DGR; competency framework developed by the ICAO DGP Training Working Group th EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2017

3 Appendix SECTION.1 APPLICABILITY.1.5 Training Requirements functions that may indirectly impact the movement of cargo, COMAT, baggage, passengers, or mail such as passenger or cargo reservation personnel and engineer General ing personnel should also be trained.] [The employer must ensure that personnel are competent Personnel must receive recurrent training to perform any function described in these Instructions for and assessment within 24 months of previous training which they are responsible prior to performing any of and assessment to ensure that competency has been these functions. This must be achieved through training maintained. owever, if recurrent training and assessand assessment.] ment is completed within the final three months of validity [The employer must ensure that personnel with responsivalidity of the previous training and assessment, the period of bilities for the processing, acceptance or handling of extends from the month on which the recurrent cargo, mail or passengers or of checked and/or carry-on training and assessment was completed until 24 months baggage are competent to perform the function for which from the expiry month of that previous training and they are responsible prior to performing any of these assessment. functions. This must be achieved through training and All operators must establish a dangerous assessment.] goods training programme regardless of whether or not Dangerous Goods Training they are approved to transport dangerous goods as cargo. Programmes Security personnel who are involved with the screening of passengers and crew and their baggage and Establishment and Maintenance cargo or mail must be trained irrespective of whether the operator on which passenger or cargo is to be trans The employer must establish and maintain ported carries dangerous goods as cargo. a dangerous goods training programme. Note: Designated Postal Operators A training programme includes elements such as design Training Programmes methodology, assessment, initial and recurrent training, instructor qualifications and competencies, training recommensurate with their responsibilities. The subject Staff of designated postal operators must be trained cords and evaluation of the effectiveness of training. matter to which their various categories of staff should be Training courses may be developed and familiar with is indicated in Table.1.5.A. delivered by or for the employer. Note: Review and Approval General information on the provisions for dangerous goods carried by passengers and crew (see 2.3) should Dangerous goods training programmes for be included in training courses, as appropriate. operators' personnel must be subjected to review and approval by the appropriate authority of the State of the Personnel must be trained and assessed operator. commensurate with the functions for which they are responsible prior to performing any of these functions Dangerous goods training programmes of Personnel that have received training but that are asand approval by the civil aviation authority of the State designated postal operators must be subjected to review signed to new functions must be assessed to determine their competence in respect of their new function. If where the mail was accepted by the designated postal competency is not demonstrated, appropriate additional operator. training must be provided. Personnel must be trained to Dangerous goods training programmes for recognize the hazards presented by dangerous goods, to personnel with responsibilities related to dangerous safely handle them and to apply appropriate emergency goods as mentioned in.1.5.0, other than operators and response procedures. designated postal operators, should be reviewed and Note: approved as determined by the appropriate national [In order to prevent the introduction of undeclared dangerous authority. goods into air transport, any person who performs 58th EDITION, 1 JANUARY

4 Dangerous Goods Regulations Record of Training and Instructor Qualifications Assessment Unless otherwise provided for by the appropriate national authority, instructors of initial and recurrent The record of training and assessment must be maintained, which must include: dangerous goods training programmes must demonstrate the individual's name; or be assessed as competent in instruction and the function that they will instruct prior to delivering such a the most recent training and assessment completion dangerous goods training programme. month; a description, copy or reference to training and Note: assessment materials used to meet the training and Adequate instructional skills can come from a variety of assessment requirements; methods. A list of instructional techniques is found in the IATA Guidelines for Instructors of Dangerous Goods the name and address of the organization providing Courses. the training and assessment; and evidence which shows that personnel have been Instructors delivering initial and recurrent assessed as competent to perform their responsievery 24 months deliver such a course, or in the absence dangerous goods training programmes must at least bilities. of this attend recurrent training. Instructors must receive The training and assessment records must and understand updates to dangerous goods information be retained by the employer for a minimum period of and be made familiar with those changes by training or thirty-six months from the most recent training and other means on an annual basis or as the Regulations assessment completion month and must be made avail- are modified. able upon request to the employee or appropriate national authority Organisations must ensure that the instruc- tor receives updates to the Regulations and training material on an annual basis with the issuance of each edition of the DGR th EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2017

5 Appendix TABLE.1.5.A Minimum Requirements for Training Curricula for Designated Postal Operators ( ) Designated Postal Operators Category Aspects of transport of dangerous goods by air with which they should be familiar, as a minimum a b c General philosophy Limitations General requirements for shippers Classification List of dangerous goods General packing requirements Packing instructions Labelling and marking Shipper's Declaration and other relevant documentation Acceptance of the dangerous goods listed in 2.4 Recognition of undeclared dangerous goods Storage and loading procedures Provisions for passengers and crew Emergency procedures CATEGORY (a) Staff of designated postal operators involved in accepting mail containing dangerous goods (b) Staff of designated postal operators involved in processing mail (other than dangerous goods) (c) Staff of designated postal operators involved in the handling, storage and loading of mail Guidance Material PC Determine if it is forbidden unless approval or exemption is granted The following tools have been develop by the ICAO DGP CE 1.3 Review special provisions Dangerous Goods Training Working Group as guidelines in the development and implementation of dangerous PC Assess if special provision(s) is goods training under a competency based training apapplicable proach. PC Apply special provision(s) CU 2 Preparing dangerous goods shipment Dangerous Goods CE 2.1 Assess packing options including quantity limitations Competency Framework Abbreviations used Abbreviation Meaning CU Competency Unit CE Competency Element PC Performance Criteria Competency Framework CU 1 Classifying dangerous goods CE 1.1 Evaluate substances or articles against classification criteria, as applicable PC Determine if it is dangerous goods PC Determine if it is forbidden under any circumstances CE 1.2 Determine dangerous goods description PC Determine class or division PC Determine packing group, if applicable PC Determine proper shipping name and UN number PC Consider limitations (de minimis quantities, excepted quantities, limited quantities, passenger aircraft, cargo aircraft only, special provisions) PC Consider State and operator variations PC Determine if all-packed-in-one can be used PC Select how dangerous goods will be shipped based on limitations and variations CE 2.2 Apply packing requirements PC Consider constraints of packing instructions PC Select packaging materials (absorbent, cushioning, etc.) PC Assemble package CE 2.3 Apply marks and labels PC Determine applicable marks PC Apply marks PC Determine applicable labels 58th EDITION, 1 JANUARY

6 Dangerous Goods Regulations PC Apply labels PC Check for damage and/or leakage CE 2.4 Determine if overpack can be used PC Apply stowage requirements (e.g. PC Apply marks if necessary segregation, separation, orientation) PC Apply labels if necessary PC Apply ULD tags when applicable CE 2.5 Prepare documentation PC Transport cargo to aircraft PC Complete the dangerous goods CE 4.3 Issue NOTOC transport document (Shipper's Declaration) PC Enter required information PC Complete other transport documents PC Verify conformance with load plan (e.g. AWB) PC Transmit to loading personnel PC Include other required documen- CU 5 Accepting passenger and crew baggage tation (e.g. approvals/exemptions, etc.), as CE 5.1 Process baggage applicable PC Identify forbidden dangerous PC Retain copies of documents as goods required CU 3 Processing/accepting cargo PC Apply approval requirements CE 3.1 Review documentation CE 5.2 Accept baggage PC Verify air waybill PC Apply operator requirements PC Verify dangerous goods transport PC Advise pilot in command document (Shipper's Declaration) CU 6 Transporting cargo/baggage PC Verify other documents as appli- CE 6.1 Load aircraft cable (exemptions, approvals, etc.) PC Transport cargo/baggage to air- PC Verify State/operator variations craft CE 3.2 Review package(s) PC Check packages for indications of PC Verify marking undeclared dangerous goods PC Verify label PC Check for damage and/or leakage PC Verify package type PC Apply stowage requirements (e.g. segregation, separation, orientation) PC Verify package conditions PC Verify that NOTOC reflects against PC Verify State/operator variations aircraft load CE 3.3 Complete acceptance procedures PC Verify passenger baggage require- PC Complete acceptance checklist, if ments if applicable applicable PC Inform pilot-in-command and flight PC Provide shipment information for operations officer/flight dispatcher load planning CE 6.2 Manage dangerous goods during flight PC Retain documents as required PC Detect presence of dangerous CE 3.4 Process/accept cargo other than danger- goods not permitted in baggage ous goods PC Apply procedures in the event of PC Check documentation for indi- an emergency cations of undeclared dangerous goods PC Inform flight operations officer/flight PC Check packages for indications of dispatcher/air traffic control in the event of undeclared dangerous goods an emergency CU 4 Managing cargo pre-loading CE 6.3 Unload aircraft CE 4.1 Plan loading PC Apply specific unloading considerations PC Determine stowage requirements as applicable PC Determine segregation, separundeclared PC Check packages for indications of ation, aircraft/compartment limitations dangerous goods CE 4.2 Prepare load for aircraft PC Check for damage and/or leakage PC Check packages for indications of PC Transport cargo/baggage to faundeclared dangerous goods cility/terminal th EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2017

7 Appendix TABLE A Dangerous Goods Competency Framework Template for determining the knowledge personnel performing specific functions should maintain (CU = Competency Unit CE = Competency element) Dangerous goods functions CU 1 CU 2 CU 3 CU 4 CU 5 CU 6 Classifying Preparing dangerous Processing/ Managing Accepting Transporting dangerous goods shipment accepting cargo cargo pre- passen- cargo/baggage goods loading ger and crew baggage Dangerous goods CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE knowledge Scope and applicability Limitation of dangerous goods on aircraft Definitions Training Dangerous goods security General provisions concerning radioactive material Reporting of dangerous goods accidents, incidents and other occurrences Classification General Classification Class 1 Classification Class 2 Classification Class 3 Classification Class 4 Classification Class 5 Classification Class 6 Classification Class 7 Classification Class 8 Classification Class 9 Dangerous goods list General Dangerous goods list Arrangement Special provisions Dangerous goods in limited quantities Dangerous goods packed in excepted quantities General Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Class 7 Class 8 58th EDITION, 1 JANUARY

8 Dangerous Goods Regulations TABLE A Dangerous Goods Competency Framework (continued) Template for determining the knowledge personnel performing specific functions should maintain (CU = Competency Unit CE = Competency element) Dangerous goods functions CU 1 CU 2 CU 3 CU 4 CU 5 CU 6 Classifying Preparing dangerous Processing/ Managing Accepting Transporting dangerous goods shipment accepting cargo cargo pre- passen- cargo/baggage goods loading ger and crew baggage Dangerous goods CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE CE knowledge Class 9 Preparing dangerous goods shipment general Package markings Labelling Documentation Packaging applicability, nomenclature and codes Marking of packagings other than inner packagings Requirements for packagings Packaging performance tests Requirements for the construction and testing of cylinders and closed cryogenic receptacles, aerosol dispensers and small receptacles containing gas (gas cartridges) and fuel cell cartridges containing liquefied flammable gas Packagings for infectious substances of Category A Requirements for the construction, testing and approval of packages for radioactive material and for the approval of such material Acceptance procedures Storage and loading Inspection and decontamination Provision of information Provisions concerning passengers and crew Provisions to aid recognition of undeclared dangerous goods elicopter operations Provisions for dangerous goods carried by passengers or crew th EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2017

9 Appendix Competency elements 1.1 Evaluate substances or articles against classification criteria, as applicable 1.2 Determine dangerous goods description 1.3 Review special provisions 2.1 Assess packing options including quantity limitations 2.2 Apply packing requirements 2.3 Apply marks and labels 2.4 Determine if overpack can be used 2.5 Prepare documentation 3.1 Review documentation 3.2 Review package(s) 3.3 Complete acceptance procedures 3.4 Process/accept cargo other than dangerous goods 4.1 Plan loading 4.2 Prepare load for aircraft 4.3 Issue NOTOC 5.1 Process baggage 5.2 Accept baggage 6.1 Load aircraft 6.2 Manage dangerous goods during flight 6.3 Unload aircraft 58th EDITION, 1 JANUARY

10 Dangerous Goods Regulations FIGURE B Dangerous Goods Functions Process Flowchart th EDITION, 1 JANUARY 2017