How to Use Rules of Thumb

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1 Rules of Thumb for Warehousing & Distribution Equipment Costs How to Use Rules of Thumb Storage Systems Midwest, Inc. This listing of common warehousing and distribution equipment costs is provided courtesy of Storage Systems Midwest, Inc consultants in material handling. Rules of Thumb for warehousing & distribution equipment costs. By: Mr. M. Geoffry Sisko and the staff of Gross & Associates Consultants in Material Handing Logistics. This pocket guide is a practical tool for the estimation of capital equipment costs associated with alternative layouts, operating systems, and equipment applications. To establish these guidelines, information from a variety of sources has been melded in an effort to provide reasonable value ranges. Keep in mind these prices are: -High-level budget estimates only -Intended as a rough calculation -Actual cost may vary *All prices herein include delivery and installation (if applicable). This is based on average transportation and labor rates. If your order is specially designed, especially in: -Small quantities -Heavy-duty -Complex designs We recommend that you favor a higher price range. Since 1986, Storage Systems Midwest, Inc. has provided warehouse design, supply chain execution, material storage and handling systems for thousands of single and integrated product and service projects throughout the Midwest and United States. Using our industrial, engineering, and design expertise; we provide logistics concepts and processes that are designed to lead our clients to the top of their industry. Should you require assistance or clarification, feel free to contact: Website: insidesales@ssmidwest.com Phone:

2 Handling Equipment Handling Equipment Electric Trucks (w/battery & Charger): Walkie Pallet Jack (4,000# Cap.) $4,500 to $ 5,500 (6,000# Cap.) $6,500 to $ 8,500 Rider Pallet Jack (6,000# Cap.) $7,500 to $ 9,500 (8,000# Cap.) $10,000 to $11,500 Rider Pallet Jack (Tandem 6,000# Cap.) $7,900 to $11,000 (Tandem 8,000# Cap.) $8,500 to $12,500 Manually Propelled $2,500 to $ 4,000 Straddle Stacker (1,500-2,000# Cap. Light-Duty Walk-Behind) Self-Propelled Straddle Stacker (2,000# Cap./Light Duty Walk-Behind) $6,000 to $ 8,000 (3,000# Cap./Heavy-Duty Walk-Behind) $12,000 to $14,000 (4,000# Cap./Heavy-Duty Walk-Behind) $13,000 to $15,000 Walkie/Reach Truck $16,000 to $18,000 (3,000# Cap. Walk-Behind) Hydraulic Maintenance Lifts $5000 to $12,000 (Manually Propelled Elevating Platforms) Order Selector Truck (3,000# Cap.) $19,000 to $25,000 (w/wire Guidance Add $5,000) Low-Level Order Selector Truck $10,000 to $13,000 (Up to 2,000# Cap.) Counterbalanced Truck (3,000# Three-Wheel) $21,000 to $24,000 (4,000# Three or Four-Wheel) $24,000 to $26,000 (5,000# Four Wheel) $26,000 to $28,000 (6,000# Four Wheel) $28,000 to $32,000 Narrow Aisle Reach Truck (3,000# Cap.) $23,000 to $30,000 (4,000# Cap.) $25,000 to $32,000 (4,500# Cap.) $28,000 to $35,000 Double Deep Reach Truck (2,500# Cap.) $26,000 to $34,000 (3,000# Cap.) $26,000 to $34,000 Turret Truck (Man-Up) $65,000 to $95,000 (Man-Down) $50,000 to $75,000 Swing Mast Truck $60,000 to $80,000 Narrow Aisle Articulating $45,000 to $65,000 Guidance Systems: (For Use In VNA Aisles w/turret Trucks & Order-Pickers) Wire Guidance (Per Linear Foot) $ 3 to $ 5 Rail Guidance (Per Linear Foot) $ 12 to $ 17 Battery Changing/Charging Systems: Electro-Magnetic Battery Changing/ Charging System Base Price $18,000 to $37,000 (Plus Costs Listed Below) Add This Cost For Each Battery $ 450 to $ 850 Position In The System Propane Trucks: Counterbalanced Truck (3,000# Cap.) $15,000 to $18,000 (4,000# Cap.) $17,000 to $20,000 (5,000# Cap.) $19,000 to $22,000 (6,000# Cap.) $21,000 to $24,000 Manual Pallet Trucks (Pallet Jacks): Standard Steel (48 L * 27 W) $ 500 to $ 900 Zinc Plated (For Corrosive/Wet-down) $ 800 to $ 1,200 Stainless Steel (For FDA/USDA) $ 2,000 to $ 3,000 Lift Truck Options: Carton Clamp $ 7,000 to $ 9,000 Paper Roll Clamp $ 8,000 to $10,000 Slip Sheet-Push/Pull $ 6,000 to $ 8,000 Side-Shifter $ 1,200 to $ 2,000 Drum Handler (Single Non-Hydraulic) $ 1,200 to $ 1,800 (Double Non-Hydraulic) $ 2,400 to $ 3,600 (Single Hydraulic) $ 5,500 to $ 7,500 (Double Hydraulic) $ 7,000 to $ 9,500

3 Handling Equipment Handling Equipment Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs): AGV Unit-Load Carrier W/Roller Deck (Includes AGV Controller, Wireless/Wired Path $200,000 to $250,000 Batteries, Chargers, etc.) AGV Tow Vehicle (Includes AGV Controller, Wireless/Wired Path $150,000 to $200,000 Batteries, Chargers etc.) AGV Tow Trailer Without Roller Bed $ 3,000 to $ 5,000 (Non-Powered Roller Bed) $12,000 to $ 16,000 (Powered Roller Bed) $20,000 to $ 25,000 AGV Pick-Up & Delivery $ 9,000 to $ 15,000 (P & D) Stations Conveyor (Per Linear Foot): Powered Roller $ 200 to $ 275 Zero Pressure Accumulation $ 250 to $ 350 Belt $ 180 to $ 250 Trash $ 250 to $ 300 Gravity-Roller/Skate $ 25 to $ 50 Gravity-Flexible/Extendable $ 75 to $ 125 (Collapsed Length is Approximately 1/4 of Extended Sorters (Cartons): Pop-Up Wheel Sorter $300 Per Foot + $5,000 Per Divert Pusher Sorter $300 Per Foot+$4500 Per Divert Shoe Sorter $2,000Per Foot+5,000 Per Divert Sorters (Unit) Cross-Belt Sorter (Per Linear Foot) $ 4,000 to $ 5,000 Tilt-Tray Sorter (Per Linear Foot) $ 4,500 to $ 5,000 Induction/Output (For Above Sorters): Induction Points for Cross-Belt or Tilt Tray (each) $ 25,000 to $50,000 (Minimum of One(1) Induction Point Per System Sort Chutes(Per Destination) $ 10,000 to $ 20,000 Accumulator, Metering Belt, Induction Belt, and Scanners: (Needed for All Types of Sortation Systems) Low Speed (40-60 CPM) $ 40,000 to $ 60,000 Medium Speed (70-90 CPM) $ 50,000 to $ 70,000 High Speed ( CPM) $ 80,000 to $100,000 Sortation Control Systems (Needed for All Types of Sortation Systems) Low Complexity $ 40,000 to $ 60,000 Medium Complexity $ 60,000 to $100,000 High Complexity $100,000 to $250,000 Conveyor Systems Project Cost Breakdown: (Estimates For Complex Systems Integration Projects) Controls Engineering 6% Mechanical Engineering 7% Project Management 3% Electrical Installation 8% Control Hardware 9% Mechanical Systems 14% Mechanical Installation 13% Mechanical Hardware 40% Total: 100%

4 Handling Equipment Miscellaneous Handling Equipment Chain Hoists $ 1,000 to $ 3,000 (1/4 HP/500# - 2 HP/4000#) Drum Dollies (30-55 Gallon) $ 45 to $ 60 Drum Dumper $ 2,500 to $ 3,500 ( # Cap./36-60 Dump ht.) Drum Hand Truck (Steel - 55 Gallon) $ 180 to $ 250 (Aluminum - 55 Gallon) $ 350 to $ 600 Gantry Cranes $ 1,200 to $ 1,800 (12-15 ht./7-10 I-Beam) Price includes I-beam and Trolley Chain Hoist Not Included Hand-Trucks (Steel 48: - 52 H * W) $ 100 to $ 160 (Aluminum H * W) $ 120 to $ 225 Jib Crane - Floor Mounted ( #) $1,600 to $2,200 (2000 to 6000#) $2,600 to $6,500 Chain Hoist and Concrete Footings Not Included Platform Trucks $ 250 to $ 500 (24 W * 36 L to 36 W * 48 L) Picking Carts - Two Shelf $ 150 to $ 350 (24 W * 36 L to 36 W * 48 L) Rolling Safety Ladders W/Handrails (2-4 Step) $ 150 to $ 350 (5-10 Step) $ 400 to $ 700 (11-16 Step) $ 900 to $1,200 Scissor Lifts/Pallet Positioners $1,200 to $3,600 Stock Picking Cart $ 500 to $ 800 (With Spring-Loaded Step-Ladder) Self Dumping Hoppers (1-5 Cu. Yds.) $ 600 to $1,400 Tilt Trucks $1,000 to $2,000 (Waste Cu. Yds.) Pallet Rack: Storage Equipment (Rack Priced Per Pallet Position Including Floor Positions/Assumption of 4-5 Pallet Levels High/Standard 48 * 40 Pallets With Maximum Load of 2500# Per Pallet/ Structural or Roll Formed Steel) Standard Selective Pallet Rack $ 35 to $ 50 Double Deep Pallet $ 40 to $ 55 Drive-In Pallet Rack (2 Deep) $ 65 to $ 80 (3 Deep) $ 55 to $ 75 (4+ Deep) $ 45 to $ 60 Drive-Thru Pallet Rack (2 Deep) $ 70 to $ 90 (3 Deep) $ 60 to $ 80 (4+ Deep) $ 50 to $ 70 Push Back Pallet Rack (2 Deep) $ 90 to $110 (3 Deep) $125 to $135 (4 Deep) $145 to $155 (5 Deep) $165 to $175 Gravity Flow Pallet Rack (2 Deep) $100 to $150 (3+ Deep) $250 to $350 Stacking Frames (2,000# per frame, to stack 5 high) Frames for wood pallets $ 60 to $100 With steel pallet bases $ 90 to $160 Pallet Rack Options: Wire Deck Sections (Each Pallet) $ 14 to $ 36 Pallet Supports (Per Pair) $ 12 to $ 25 Upright Post Guard (Each) $ 9 to $ 18 End-of-Aisle Rack Protectors $150 to $300 (One at the End of Each Row of Back to Back Rack

5 Storage Equipment Storage Equipment Pallet Storage Estimates: (Expressed In Square Feet Per Pallet)(Use This Chart to Estimate the Number of Pallet Positions That Will Fit Within A Given Space) Bldg. Clear Height Floor Stack or Stacking Frames 8-20 N/A N/A N/A Counterbalanced N/A N/A Lift Truck (12 Aisles) Narrow Aisle Reach Truck N/A (Deep Reach & Push-Back) (9 Aisles) Drive-In or Drive-Thru Rack N/A N/A VNA Turret Truck (Man Up or Down)(6 Aisles) As/Rs-Stacker Crane (Less Than 6 Aisles (The square foot storage requirements represented above include access & cross aisles with pallet levels to within 18 of clear height, utilization factors not included. Cantilever Rack (Pipe/Tube/Bar Lumber): (Heavy Duty Cantilever Rack Priced per 8-0 Wide Bay * the heights listed below. 8-0 Height Single-Sided Cantilever $ 400 to $ 600 (four set of arms) Double-Sided Cantilever $600 to $ Single-Sided Cantilever $550 to $ 750 (Six sets of arms) Double-Sided Cantilever $950 to $1,150 (Twelve sets of arms) 16-0 Single Sided Cantilever $1,050 to $1,250 (Eight sets of arms) Double-Sided Cantilever $1,550 to $1,750 (Sixteen sets of arms) Drum Stacking Racks: (Stacking Frames for Horizontal Floor Storage) 2 Drum Stacking Rack Unit (55 Gallon) $ 45 to $ 75 3 Drum Stacking Rack Unit (55 Gallon) $ 65 to $ 95 (13 H * 48 W * 30 D) Open Type Shelving: (Steel-Clip Type or Nut & Bolt Shelving Units W * D H With Six Shelves Per Unit) Light to Medium Duty ( Gauge) $ 75 to $150 Heavy Duty (18 Gauge) $175 to $350 Closed Type Shelving: (Steel-Clip Type or Nut & Bolt Shelving Units W * D * H With Six Shelves Per Unit) Light to Medium Duty (20-22 Gauge) $110 to $220 Heavy Duty (18 Gauge) $240 to $480 Open Welded Wire Shelving: (60-84 H * D * W w/4-5 Shelves Each Unit) Chrome Plated or Epoxy $275 to $400 Coated Welded Steel Wire - Each Stainless Steel Welded Wire - Each $850 to $1,250 Storage Cabinets: (36-48 W * D * H With 4-6 Adjustable Steel Shelves) Light to Medium Duty $280 to $460 Heavy Duty $650 to $950 Plastic Pallets: 48 * 40 Thermoformed, Rotationally Molded, or Injection Molded Each $ 45 to $ 90 (For USDA or FDA Approved Pallets, Use the Higher End of the price Spectrum)

6 Storage Equipment Storage Equipment Steel Lockers: Single-Tier Lockers $100 to $140 (One Opening Per Unit) (60-72 H * W * D) Double-Tier Lockers $ 60 to $ 80 Per Opening (Two Openings Per Unit) (60-72 H * W * D) Six-Tier Lockers $ 25 to $ 35 Per Opening (Six Openings Per Unit) Tote Boxes: Nesting Totes (Suitable For Picking) $ 7 to $ 18 (High Density Polyethylene ) (9-15 H * W * L) Nesting Totes (Suitable For Picking) $ 7 to $ 14 (Corrugated Plastic) (9-15 H * W * L) Optional Cover (Removable Lid) $ 2 to $ 4 For Above Tote Nest/Reverse Orientation Stack Totes $ 8 to $ 22 w/o Cover (Suitable for Picking and/or Shipping With Optional Lid) (High Density Polyethylene) (9-15 H * W * L) Optional Cover (Removable Lid) $ 4 to $ 6 For Above Tote Stack & Nest with Integral Hinged Cover $ 12 to $ 28 (Suitable for Picking and Shipping)(High Density Polyethylene) (9-15 H * W * L) Carton Flow Rack: Carton Flow Unit (5-0 W) $1,000 to $1,500 (10 D * 5 W *8 H, 5 Shelves w/4 Lanes Each/Priced Per Bay Caron Flow Unit (8-0 W) $1,600 to $2,000 (10 D * 8 W * 8 H, 5 Shelves w/8 Lanes Each/Priced Per Bay Shelf Bins (Heavy Duty Plastic): (Nestable One-Piece Shelf Bins, Typically Polypropylene, With Integral Label Holder) 12 Deep: Small (3-4 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-8 W * 4-5 H) 18 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 W) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 W) 24 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 H) Shelf Bins (Light Duty Plastic): (Nestable One-Piece Shelf Bins, Typically Polypropylene, With Integral Label Holder) 12 Deep: Small (3-4 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-8 W * 4-5 H) 18 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 W) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 W) 24 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 H) $1.50 to $2.00 Each $2.50 to $3.75 Each $2.00 to $3.00 Each $4.50 to $6.00 Each $3.50 to $5.50 Each $5.50 to $7.75 Each $1.00 to $1.50 Each $1.25 to $1.75 Each $1,50 to $2.00 Each $2.50 to $3.75 Each $3.00 to $4.50 Each $3.75 to $5.75 Each Shelf Bins (Light Duty Corrugated Paper): (KD One-Piece Shelf Bins, Corrugated Paper Die-Cut Construction) 12 Deep: Small (3-4 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-8 W * 4-5 H) 18 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 W) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 W) 24 Deep: Small (4-6 W * 4-5 H) Large (6-12 W * 4-5 H) $.40 to $.60 Each $.60 to $.90 Each $.80 to $1.20 Each $1.20 to $1.70 Each $1.20 to $1.90 Each $1.90 to $2.50 Each Perforated Louvered Panels for Plastic Bins: (Painted Steel) Available in a Variety of Sizes $ 10 to $ 25 (Per Square Foot)

7 Storage Equipment Louvered Panel Compatible Bins: (One-Piece Stackable Bins, Typically Polypropylene, With Integral Label Holder) Approximate Sizes: 3 H * 4 W * 5 L (Each) $.70 to $.90 3 H * 4 W * 7 L (Each) $ 1.20 to $ H * 4 W * 11 L (Each) $ 1.75 to $ H * 5 W * 11 L (Each) $ 2.90 to $ H * 11 W * 11 L (Each) $4.25 to $ H * 16W * 11 L (Each) $ 6.25 to $ H * 8 W * 11 L (Each) $ 4.75 to $ H * 8 W * 15 L (Each) $ 5.50 to $ H * 16 W * 15 L (Each) $ 7.70 to $ H * 8 W * 18 L (Each) $ 8.50 to $ H 8 16 W * 18 L (Each) $12.75 to $16.00 Wide Span Storage Rack: (Typically Used for Hand-Loaded Static Carton Storage i.e. Pick-Pack or Archives- Priced Per Bay 96 W * 96H * D w/4 Shelves.) Particle Board Deck $ 350 to $ 450 Corrugated Steel Deck $ 450 to $ 550 Wire Deck $ 550 to $ 650 Flammable Liquid Storage Cabinets: Full-Size w/standard Doors $1,200 to $1,500 (60-72 H * 36-48W * D) Full-Size w/self-closing Doors $1,600 to $1,900 (60-72 H * W * D) Standard Size w/standard Doors $ 600 to $ 800 (36-48 H * W * D) Standard Size w/self-closing Doors $ 700 to $ 900 (36-48 H * W * D) High-Density Storage Drawer Modules: Bench Height (30 W * 28 D) $ 600 to $1,000 (33 High w/4 to 8 Drawers) Counter Height (30W * 28 D) $ 900 to $1,400 (45 High w/6-12 Drawers) Full-Height (60 High) $1,200 to $1,800 Drawer Divider Kits (Priced Per Drawer: 4-9 Compartments $ 12 to $ Compartments $ 30 to 65 Carousels: Horizontal Carousels (Per Carrier) $ 750 to $1,000 (Common Horizontal Carousel Configurations Consist of Carriers Per Carousel,With 2-4 Carousels Per Pod. Vertical Carousels (Per Vertical Foot) $ 1,500 to $ 3,000 (Common Vertical Carousels Range From in Height Dock Equipment Dock Levelers (Priced Per Each Unit): Mechanical Pit Leveler $3000 to $6,500 Pneumatic Pit Leveler $2,500 to $4,500 Hydraulic Put Leveler $4,000 to $8,000 Edge of Dock Leveler $1,000 to $2,000 Vehicle Restraint Systems Wide range due to potential for complex wiring interlocks to the dock levelers door openers etc. $1,400 to $ 7,000 Dock Boards/Plates: Aluminum Board $ 500 to $1,200 (to 5000# Cap. With Welded Curbs) Aluminum Board $ 750 to $1,750 (to 10,000# Cap. With Welded Curbs) Aluminum Plate $ 350 to $ 750 (to 5,000# Cap. No Curbs) Steel Board $ 500 to $1,200 (to 10,000# Cap. With Welded Curbs) Seals, Shelters & Restraints: Standard Door Seal $ 750 to $1,500 Standard Door Shelter $1,200 to $4,800 Semi-Automatic Truck Restraint $3,400 to $4,700 Barrier Rail Systems: (Typically used to protect- Pedestrian Paths and Equipment From Lift-Impact:) 48 High Protective Highway Type Barrier Rail System w/3 Rails $ 50 to $ High Protective Highway Type $ 40 to $ 50 Barrier Rail System w/2 Rails 18 High Protective Highway Type $ 30 to $ 40 Barrier Rail System w/1 Rail Dock Lights & Fans: Adjustable Arm-Mounted Dock Lights (Each) $ 120 to $ 180 (Low End of price scale for incandescent/high end for halogen Adjustable Arm-Mounted Dock Fan (Each) $ 275 to $ 325 (18 3 Speed/10,000 CFM) Dock Scales: 5,000# Capacity Floor Scale (Mid Steel) $2,500 to $3,000 (48 * * 60 w/3 Profile) 5,000# Capacity Floor Scale (Stainless Steel) $4,500 to $5,500 (48 * * 60 w/3 Profile) Add 20% to above pricing for 10,000# Capacity Models

8 Mezzanines, Security Enclosures Workstations & Space Requirements Pre-engineered structural steel systems 8 under clearance, 9 deck height, PSF capacity, priced per square foot. Price includes handrail, toe guard and one stairway. Priced do not include fire suppression systems or lighting. Low end of range for standard spans, high end of range for wide spans, high end of range for wide spans between columns. Mezzanines (Per Square Foot) $ 16 to $ 20 (3/4 tongue and groove plywood over corrugated steel roof deck. Resin Impregnated Wood Deck - Add $ 2 to $ 3 Mezzanine (Per Square Foot) $ 13 to $ 17 (Perforated Steel Plank Deck Mezzanine (Per Square Foot) $ 14 to $ 18 (Solid Steel Plank Deck) Additional stair and landing (Each) $2,500 to $3,500 Mezzanine Edge Safety Gates: Single Pallet Width $4,000 to $5,000 Dual Pallet Width $5,200 to $6,000 Side Access $6,000 to $7,500 Wire Security Partitions (Priced Per Linear Foot-Without Doors or Roof) 8 High Wire Partition $ 13 to $ High Wire Partition $16 to $ High Wire Partition $ 18 to $ 22 Wire Partition Options: Wire Roof (Per Sq. Ft.) $ 3 to $ 5 Single Swing Doors (Each) $400 to $600 Double Swing Doors (Each Set) $800 to $1,000 Slide Door (Each) $500 t0 $750 Prefabricated In-Plant Buildings: (Wall Panels Priced Per Linear Foot-Includes Hardware) 3 Thick 4 * 8 Wall Panel Systems $ 55 to $ 80 Corrugated Steel Roof Deck & $ 6 to $ 8 Acoustical Tile Ceiling/Grid (Sq. Ft.) Doors (Steel or Solid Core Wood) $300 to $400 Windows (Factory Glazed) $100 to $150 ABOVE PRICING FOR CLASS A FIRE RATED GYPSUM BASED WALL SYSTEMS WITH AN STC RATING OF 30 TO 35. FOR PANEL STC RATINGS OF 50 TO 60, MULTIPLY TO TOTAL STRUCTURE COST AS CALCULATED ABOVE BY A FACTOR OF 3.5. PRICES DO NOT INCLUDE ELECTRICAL WIRING OR HVAC SYSTEMS. ADD 25% OF BUILDING VALUE FOR FACTORY WIRED ELECTRICAL PACKAGE INCLUDING LIGHTS, RECEPTACLES & SWITCHES Benches & Tables: Work Benches $ 300 to $ 600 (30-36 D * W) Electronic or Assembly Work Benches $ 800 to $1,600 (30-36 D * W) Packing Tables $ 700 to $1,400 (30-36 D * W) Production Tables $ 400 to $ 800 (30-48 D * W) Industrial Seating: Bench Chairs (Seat Ht ) $ 250 to $ 375 Bench Stools (Seat Ht ) $ 125 to $ 175 Typical Space Requirements - Office (Square Feet) President Vice President Manager/Executive Assistant Clerical Manager/Supervisor Per Person - Includes Aisles Clerical Pool Secretary/Clerk Reception Room Library (4-6 seats) Conference Room (per person) Dining Area (per person) 15 20

9 Workstations & Space Requirements Painting & Sealing Costs can be affected by many factors, age and condition of the surfaces, equipment to be moved and off-hours work. Walls (per square foot) Masonry Block Filler $0.24 $0.38 Finish (2 coats) Latex $0.18 #0.32 Oil $0.18 $0.50 Epoxy $0.30 $0.60 Sheet Rock Prime (2coats) Latex $0.55 $0.75 Oil $0.60 $0.80 Epoxy $0.65 $0.85 Ceiling (per square foot) Open Joists sprayed - 1 coat $0.55 $0.75 Floors (per square foot) Preparation-shot blasting $0.50 $0.75 Paint Enamel - 1 coat $0.35 Epoxy $0.50 Non-Skid Epoxy $2.50 $4.50 Sealer - Dust Control $0.35 Lines - per linear foot 4 wide $1.25 Construction Costs (per square foot) *Excludes site work General Warehouse clear $45 $55 up to 50 $60 $75 *Refrigerated - add $70 $90 Office Building (basic) $70 $110 Type of Space/Use Stairs, Elevator, Corridors X X X Conference Rooms X X X Office, General X X X Office, Accounting X X X X Office, Engineering, Technical X X X X X Bench Work X X X X Assembly, Coarse X X X X Assembly, Fine X X X X X Machine Work General X X X Machine Work Fine X X X X Warehouse, picking and sorting Pallet Handling X X Loading/Unloading Trucks X X Lighting Level Recommendations Light Level in Foot 5 Above Floor X X X Inspection: General X X X X Detailed X X X X X

10 Lighting Level Recommendations Operating Rates Type of Space/Use Inspection: Detailed X X X X X Value Added Services X X X X Outdoor: Parking lots Storage Yards, active X X Dock Areas X X Notes: Lighting adjustments based on age: under 40 0 lower range middle range Over 55 - upper range Operating Rates Note: These rates are broad estimates based on experience in a wide variety of applications. There are many variables that must be considered, such as; product slotting, travel distances, the use of paper. RF or voice directed activities, and training, opportunity to dual cycle, carry multiple pallets in a move, etc. Fork Truck Pallet Movement Narrow Aisle Articulating Lower Range Upper Range Units 8 15 pallets/hour Stacker Crane pallets/hour Order Picking (Cases) Pick-to-Cart lines/hour Pick-to-Powered Pallet Jack Case Pick to Conveyor Pick to Container/ Conveyor lines/hour cases/hour cases/hour Order Picking (Pieces) lines/hour Pick-to-Cart lines/hour Carousel-to- Container lines/hour Fork Truck Pallet Movement Lower Range Upper Range Units Flow Rack-to- Container lines/hour Counter-Balance pallets/hour Narrow Aisle Reach 8 20 pallets/hour Man-Up Turret pallets/hour Man-Down Turret pallets/hour Note: At higher levels, the man-up truck will produce better through put than the man0down truck Bin-Shelves-to- Container Unload Floor to Conveyor Handstack into Trailers Palletizing from Conveyor lines/hour Truck Load/Unload cartons/hour cartons/hour cartons/hour

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