Design and Operation of Automated Container Storage Systems

Transcription

1 Nils Kemme Design and Operation of Automated Container Storage Systems Physica-Verlag A Springer Company

2 1 Introduction Definition of the Subject Area Problem Description and Research Objectives Outline of the Thesis 7 2 Container-Terminal Logistics Introduction to Container Logistics Development and Importance of Container Logistics Container Size and Type Types of Container-Transport Modes Introduction to Container-Terminal Systems Container-Terminal Functions Container-Terminal Subsystems and Related Operations Container-Terminal Equipment Assessment of Container Terminals' Design Indicators Performance Indicators Classification of Terminal-Planning Problems Classification of Decision Problems Terminal-Design-Planning Problems Operational Terminal-Planning Problems Concluding Remarks 51 3 Container-Storage Yard Classification of the Container-Storage Yard Storage Functions Types of Stores Storage Processes Summarising Definition of the Container-Storage Yard 59

3 3.2 Performance Interrelation of Container Terminals and Container-Storage Yards Performance Definition of Seaport Container Terminals Performance Definition of Container-Storage Yards Comparison of Different Types of Container-Storage- Yard Systems Straddle-Carrier System Rubber-Tyred-Gantry-Crane System Rail-Mounted-Gantry-Crane System Concluding Comparison Automated RMGC Systems RMGC Types Technical Specification Processes Planning and Decision Problems Similar Problems and Comparable Logistic Systems Concluding Remarks 86 RMGC-Design-Planning Problem Problem Description Decisions Objectives and Restrictions Parameters Literature Overview Storage-Yard Design RTGC Design RMGC Design Concluding Summary Ill 4.3 Types of Research Approaches Concluding Remarks 115 Operational RMGC-Planning Problems Basic Terms and Notations Container-Stacking Problem Problem Description Literature Overview Classification of Stacking Strategies Combined-Cost-Function Stacking Heuristical Housekeeping Stacking Crane-Scheduling Problem Problem Description Literature Overview Classification of Scheduling Strategies Preselection Methods 168

4 xi Multi-Criteria Priority Rules IP Scheduling Models Alternative Solution Methods Crane-Routing Problem Problem Description Literature Overview Claiming-Based Crane Routing Concluding Remarks Simulation as a Terminal-Planning Approach Introduction to Simulation Analysis Review of Simulation Approaches Within Seaport Container Terminals Principles for Modelling RMGC Systems Applied Simulation Model Conceptual Design Main Features Assumptions and Limitations Validation and Verification Concluding Remarks Simulation Study on RMGC-Design Planning Experimental Design Experimental Procedure General Experimental Setup Default Parameter Settings Results of RMGC-Design Study First Observations and Formulation of Research Hypotheses In-Depth Analysis of Simulation Results Summary of the RMGC-Design Study Sensitivity Analysis of RMGC-Design Study Influence of the Filling Rate Influence of the Container-Dwell Time Influence of the Transshipment Factor Influence of the Vessel-Call Pattern Influence of the Crane Kinematics Influence of the Container-Stacking Strategy Influence of the Crane-Scheduling Strategy Influence of the Crane-Routing Strategy Summary of the Sensitivity Analysis Management Implications Concluding Remarks Summary and Outlook Summary Outlook 337

5 xii Contents Appendix 341 A. 1 Screenshots of Simulation Model 341 A.2 Default Parameter Settings 344 A.3 Additional Regression Results of Yard-Block Dimensions 347 A.4 Additional Vessel-Call Patterns 351 A.5 Additional Simulation Results of Sensitivity Analysis 356 A.5.1 Influence of the Filling Rate 356 A.5.2 Influence of the Container-Dwell Time 363 A.5.3 Influence of the Transshipment Factor 377 A.5.4 Influence of the Vessel-Call Pattern 384 A.5.5 Influence of the Crane Kinematics 392 A.5.6 Influence of the Container-Stacking Strategy 403 A.5.7 Influence of the Crane-Scheduling Strategy 425 A.5.8 Influence of the Crane-Routing Strategy 436 References 443 Index 455