Demand Response Architecture Integration into the Distribution Management System ABB Corporate Research, Raleigh, NC. ABB Group March 3, 2011 Slide 1

Transcription

1 Architecture Integration into the Distribution Management System ABB Corporate Research, Raleigh, NC March 3, 2011 Slide 1

2 Outline Demand Response Definition Resources for DR DMS-Based Architecture Benefits of DR at DMS Level Integration with AMI Target MW Reduction Validation Concluding Remarks March 3, 2011 Slide 2

3 Definition The objective is for the utility to achieve a Target MW Reduction in the total system demand at a future time interval for certain duration of time, by executing one or more of the following actions: Shutting down the directly controllable loads of the customers signed up for Direct Load Control (DLC) Sending curtailment request signals to the customers and/or DR Service Providers signed up for Interruption and Curtailment (I&C) DR Sending emergency reduction request signals to the customers and/or DR Service Providers signed up for Emergency DR Receiving and (possibly) accepting Curtailment Bids from customers and/or DR Service Providers signed up for DR Bids March 3, 2011 Slide 3

4 Resources March 3, 2011 Slide 4

5 Engine March 3, 2011 Slide 5

6 DMS-Based Architecture March 3, 2011 Slide 6

7 Why Integration with DMS? DR assisted by the network model available at DMS: Efficient Congestion Relief: target areas of the distribution system that are congested (heavily loaded) more Voltage Constraints: reducing the loads in such a way that the node voltages do not violate the maximum voltage limit (when a feeder becomes lightly loaded) Reduction in Revenue Losses: achieve the target demand reduction with less actual load lost on the customer s side. Example: reduced losses as a peripheral objective Coordination with other Distributed Energy Resources: implementation at the DMS level where the economic dispatch and control of DER is being performed March 3, 2011 Slide 7

8 Integration with AMI AMI can support the DR architecture because smart meter vendors are increasingly including disconnect switches into the revenue meters meter can be used for polling consumption data as well as receiving DR control commands and other related signals Integration Challenges: meter data models, communication standards, and typical DR messages C12.19 and IEC : electricity, water and gas IEC : meter model of CIM better solution March 3, 2011 Slide 8

9 Target MW Reduction System is continuously monitored at the DMS by calculating the forecasted demand, thereby estimating the capacity margin for the future time intervals. Capacity Margin = Demand Limit Forecast Demand March 3, 2011 Slide 9

10 Chronological Steps March 3, 2011 Slide 10

11 Validation Not a big issue for DLC, but a concern for I&C. Only after the ramp period that the utility can verify whether or not the requested demand reduction actually took place. This can be done by sending meter poll messages to provide meter readings at the start of the sustained response period. A lack of sufficient compliance by the customers would then force the utility to take drastic measures in short notice. emergency DR signals with noticeably shorter advance notice (in the range of a few minutes). Last Resort: Load Shedding March 3, 2011 Slide 11

12 Concluding Remarks DR is a semi-emergency application that is triggered during the times of peak load to reduce the total demand for certain duration of time. At the DMS level, DR can help achieve additional benefits compared to a model-free solution implemented at the aggregator level for instance. At the DMS level, the network model is available and can be incorporated into the DR solution. This would allow for taking account of network constraints such as line congestion and node voltage limitations in the overall solution. Furthermore, peripheral objectives such as minimizing the power losses can be achieved in parallel with performing DR reduction of lost load as a result of DR. Lastly, when implemented at the DMS level, DR can be incorporated into the broader problem of Grid Management where all DER is also taken into account. March 3, 2011 Slide 12

13 March 3, 2011 Slide 13