OUTLINE. Executive Summary. Our Concept in Detail. Implementation. CASE Automatic loading and unloading of baggage and freight

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2 OUTLINE Executive Summary Our Concept in Detail CASE Automatic loading and unloading of baggage and freight Optimus Autonomous freight and baggage transport Implementation birkle IT

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY birkle IT

4 Operating costs reduce to 50% per piece of baggage Loading and Unloading of Baggage and Cargo A robot arm loads and unloads ULDs or baggage without human intervention. The System consists of: Modern sensor systems enables precise loading of ULDs to optimize the cargo distribution in the aircraft Optical workspace monitoring - reduces required space of Robo-Loader Optimized gripper - maximizes effiency of ULD loading Autonomous Transport of Cargo and Baggage AGVs transport ULDs or Baggage autonomously to the aircraft or back to the terminal. The platform is: Electrically operated - to reduce the ecological footprint Flexible - to transport ULDs as well as single baggage Autonomous - to deliver without any human intervention A central control unit monitors the fleet of AGVs to ensure optimal performance. Required personnel decreases by 40 % Loading time decreases by 30% to 50% Centralized control unit monitors AGVs Flexible transport of ULDpalettes, -containers or baggage Output per baggage dispatcher increases by factor 3,5 Prof. Dr. Wolfram Burgard a leading scientist in the field of robotics. birkle IT AG extensive expertise in the implementation of digitalization projects. Electrically operated, autonomous platform

5 OUR CONCEPT IN DETAIL Global Airport and Passenger Symposium. birkle IT

6 Passenger figures worldwide are rising: % in number of passengers in % in RPK in 2017 Passenger volume is difficult to forecast and requires a high degree of flexibility from the airport. Passengers expectations are high and increasing. # of passengers Global air freight demand grew by 9 % (FTKs) in Cargo aircrafts arrive at peak times in high frequencies and freight has to be discharged in a very short amount of time. Low margins in freight handling requires high volumes for an airport to be profitable. Freight (in t) birkle IT

7 requires a lot of staff. puts a strain on the health of employees: work-related accidents long-term damage early retirement increases effort to stay compliant with health and safety regulations. impacts operations through unpredicatble absenteeism. causes most of the insurance claims (Allianz, 2017) on the apron in form of collisions between porters, luggage cars and other vehicles. birkle IT

8 CASE birkle IT

9 Modern sensor systems boost efficiency Optical workspace monitoring reduces required space Optimized gripper reduces cycle time birkle IT

10 Optimal gripping point is computed at the conveyor belt, based on visual data. Cameras as primary sensors are more cost efficient than 2D laser scanners. Planning of the path of the robot arm based on visual data. Solution Computation of the stacking slot increases the loading efficiency. Optimal stacking slot is computed based on the loading state and baggage distribution. birkle IT

11 Gripper uses multiple contact points to move baggage. Reduction of cycle time and higher throughput. Contact points are calculated based on the camera image and the weight. Solution Baggage can be stored in every position. Design allows to store baggage compactly. Gripper positions luggage or cargo in ULD or baggage carts. birkle IT

12 Robot arm recognizes staff nearby and adjusts its speed and / or trajectory. Staff can intervene anytime without having to stop the robot arm (e.g. suitcase drops). Solution Smart camera system continuously tracks staff movements in the vicinity of the robot arm. Working cell is not required anymore. birkle IT

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14 Autonomous freight and baggage transport birkle IT

15 Freight and baggage is manually transported to the airplane Multiple dollies are pooled birkle IT

16 Centralized control unit manages fleet of AGVs Flexible transport of ULDpalettes, - containers or baggage Electrically powered, autonomous platform *AGV = Automated Guided Vehicle birkle IT

17 AGV identifies obstacles and acts accordingly (e.g. avoiding people). Less staff required to operate dollies. Solution AGV navigates to target location with regards to traffic regulations. 24/7, high performance without interruptions. birkle IT

18 Modularization of AGV and transportation interface. AGVs deliver any type of freight, i.e. ULDs or loose baggage. Interface is designed to transport ULDs and loose baggage Solution Almost complete automation of the baggage handling process. AGV is integrated with birkle robot loader for loading and unloading. birkle IT

19 Dispatching of cargo and baggage to AGVs. Optimal scheduling due to real-time access to data. Selection of route and control of AGVs (prevention of collisions or deadlocks). System operates in real-time. Solution Lower cost on insurance due to less claims. Management of AGV fleet, e.g. allocation of standby positions or energy management. Tracking of vehicle locations in real-time. birkle IT

20 AGVs are designed for small volumes, e.g. one or two ULDs. Low process times due to early and fast loading and unloading. Once AGV is loaded, it delivers freight to airplane or baggage reclaim belt. Solution Lower risk potential compared to the state-of-the-art. birkle IT

21 Example: Container Terminals Loading times, i.e. ship-to-lorry, were reduced by 33 % - 50 %. Less accidents (Australia-based Patrick Container Ports reported 230 accident-free days in 2010, Japan-based TCB reported no accidents with AGVs involved from ) Reduction in personnel costs (LA Container Terminal TraPac anticipates 40% - 50% fewer jobs). Reduction in operating expenses. birkle IT

22 IMPLEMENTATION birkle IT

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24 Funds (Partners, Grant applications) Milestone Requirements Engineering (Use Cases, Requirements, Specifications) Systems architecture (Hardware architecture, Software architecture) Human-robot collaboration (Concept, Data acquisition, Implementation) Gripper (Concept, Construction, Purchasing, Production) Systems integration and setup of a pilot system Optimization (Weak point analysis, Technical optimization) Project management Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Cost Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Staff , , , , , , , , , , ,00 Gripper (incl. periphery) , ,00 Robot (incl. controller and periphery) ,00 Sensor system ,00 Working cell 5.000,00 Total , , , , , , , , , , ,00 birkle IT

25 Funds (Partners, Grant applications) Milestone Requirements Engineering (Use Cases, Requirements, Specifications) Adaption of AGV platform (Concept, Adaptation) Cargo module (Concept, Construction, Purchasing, Production) Navigation (SW architecture, Implementation, Test) Fleet management (SW+HW architecture, Implementation, Test) Project management Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Cost Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Staff , , , , , , , , , ,00 AGV platform Cargo module Sensor system Server Total , , , , , , , , , ,00 birkle IT

26 Prof. Dr. Wolfram Burgard (University of Freiburg) Autonomous Intelligent Systems -group is one of the leading research groups worldwide in the field of robotics and navigation of AGVs. birkle IT AG Experienced team of mechanical engineers, electrical engineers and computer scientists that cover a broad range of knowledge. birkle IT

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