A STUDY ON FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION IN BANKING INDUSTRY, TAMILNADU, INDIA

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1 International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 9, Issue 5, May 2018, pp , Article ID: IJMET_09_05_087 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication Scopus Indexed A STUDY ON FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION IN BANKING INDUSTRY, TAMILNADU, INDIA W. Porselvi Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Jeppiaar Maamallam Engineering College, Sriperumbudur, Tamilnadu, India Dr. D.Jublee Professor, Karunya University Business School, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India ABSTRACT Dr. G. Sivanesan Jamal Institute of Management, Jamal Mohamed College, Trichy, Tamilnadu, India Online banking constitutes a blend of conventional banking and web technology, being more and more patronized by banking sectors worldwide. Introduction of IT facilities like online banking has led to improved service quality and superior service delivery within the banking sector. Information and communication technologies became as an integral part of the Bank to improve efficiency, reliability, convenience and responsiveness. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors influencing adoption of internet Banking. The population of the study consists of respondents working in manufacturing industries, randomly selected in Chennai, Tamilnadu, India. The sample size for the study is 314. The dimensions considered for the study are social influence, Internet banking awareness, Trust, Quality of internet connections, Computer self efficacy, Perceived usefulness, Perceived ease of use, Attitude of the respondents towards online banking adoption and intention to use online banking adoption. The study consists of both primary and secondary data. This research enables internet banking service providers in India to design new service offerings or modify current service offerings to achieve higher adoption rates in internet banking. Keywords: Internet Banking, TAM, Perceived ease of use, Perceived usefulness, Attitude and Intention to Use Cite this Article: W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan, A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 9(5), 2018, pp editor@iaeme.com

2 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India 1. INTRODUCTION In the present era of technology, innovation and transparency, application of web-based technologies to achieve business improvement become common in the entire business scenario. Banks are forced to invest huge investment in developing information technology infrastructure, new innovations to differentiate between competitors. In India the decade from 1998 to 2008 was marked by proliferated application of electronic commerce in Banks (Saffu et al. 2008). The benefits received from Banks by incorporating web based electronic commerce are reduction in cost, enhanced business opportunities, personalized service to customers, speedy delivery and reduction in lead time (Turban et al., 2008). Online banking constitutes a blend of conventional banking and web technology, being more and more patronized by banking sectors worldwide. Introduction of IT facilities like online banking has led to improved service quality and superior service delivery within the banking sector. Although developed nations such as United States, Australia, Estonia and others in Europe (have implemented online banking, indicated a growing trend of online banking adoption by developing countries as well. In India after the concept of digital India, Online Banking is growing enormously. In the recent years, banking sector in India have been marked by exponential growth and remained fairly unscathed from the ill-effects of financial meltdown owing to a proactive and prudential regulatory regime. According to an IBEF 2015 report, total banking assets in India touched $ 1.8 trillion in 2013 and are anticipated to cross $ 28.5 trillion by The total banking sector credit is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 18.1 percent to reach $ 2.4 trillion by Further, the Indian banking has the potential to become the fifth largest banking industry in the world by 2020 and third largest by Thus it becomes inevitable for the banks to adopt technology for expanding its customer reach and delivering high quality service experience at all times. The number of internet users in India is expected to reach 500 million by June 2018, report by the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI) and Kantar IMRB on Tuesday. The number of Internet users stood at 481 million in December 2017, an increase of 11.34% over December 2016 said the report titled, "Internet in India 2017." Urban India with an estimated population of 455 million already has 295 million using the internet. Rural India, with an estimated population of 918 million as per 2011 census, has only 186 million internet users leaving out potential 732 million users in rural India. "Given that total Urban Population is much lower than total rural population, the Urban-Rural Digital divide is actually more acute than what the penetration numbers portray. The future growth policies therefore must focus on bridging the digital divide that exists between urban and rural India today," the report added. Internet penetration in Urban India was 64.84% in December 2017 as compared to 60.6% last December. In comparison, rural Internet penetration has grown from 18% last December to 20.26% in December Online banking has redefined the customer relationship interface for banking entities. In a branch based banking set-up, the access to bank s information system was restricted to bank staff. Thus, customer interface was limited to bank counter and bank executive serving at the counter was essentially the end user of information system. Online banking has enabled an average banking customer to access bank s information system anywhere and anytime towards availing desired banking services. Online banking facility, in general, provides direct access to information and data related to account and transactions, facilitates giving editor@iaeme.com

3 W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan instruction, requests and applications to bank; and enables funds transfer as per the needs of the account holder (Gupta and Kamilla, 2014 pg. 48). 2. NEED FOR THE STUDY Human behavior, in general, takes time to adjust and accept radical changes within its macro environment. Banking through online medium is not alien in this regard. Banking customers accustomed to branch confined banking exhibit diverse apprehensions towards instant adoption of online banking facility. This makes is imperative for banks to identify the factors which are decisive for their customers to embrace online banking and avail cost effective service delivery. This study aims to validate factors which influence online banking adoption among banking customers and test their individual causal significance towards satisfaction. The determinant factors have been identified based on a synoptic review of literature. The relationships have been proposed and illustrated through a parsimonious behavioral model comprising of constructs of an operative character from banks perspective. The investment in development of internet banking infrastructure has been planned by organizations and governments to achieve growth in banking activity, reduction in transactional cost and improvement in efficiency and quality of banking. These outcomes can be realized contingent on the level of participation in internet banking. Policymakers involved in designing initiatives for promoting internet banking among the citizens need to understand the major factors influencing customer acceptance of formulate policies for the marketing and development of banking services and products, recruitment and technology procurement decisions intended not only to satisfy key customer needs but also to increase the number of customers that adopt internet banking. This study investigates the Indian banking customer to provide the much needed inputs required for making strategic decisions with respect to education, promotion and technology development for internet banking. Further, the knowledge of the various dimensions and their impact on the degree of acceptance can help in allocating resources when designing initiatives and developing the technologies for internet banking. 3. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Implementation of technology can affect the user in a number of ways, and the success of a technology is largely dependent on the individual acceptance of the new technology. A number of implementations have failed primarily because of a lower level of acceptance from users. Researchers have sought to understand the factors affecting individual acceptance of technologies. Because behavioral intention (INT) to use a system is a key determinant of the actual use of the system, intention-based models have been developed to determine technology acceptance and use. Fishbein and Ajzen (1975) define INT as the measure of the strength of one s intention to perform a specified behavior. The theory of reasoned action (TRA) model by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) is a popular intention model that can be used to study behavioral intentions with regard to acceptance or use of a technology. The TRA model was modified to propose the theory of planned behavior (TPB) model that incorporates the impact of the perceived absence or presence of requisite resources and opportunities (Ajzen and Madden, 1986). Although TRA and TPB (Ajzen, 1985) are theories that model behavioral intention, technology acceptance model (TAM) (Davis, 1989; Davis et al., 1989) adapts the TRA model to explain the behavior or INT of the user specifically in relation to the acceptance of an information technology. The adaptation explains the attitude (ATT) variable, originally introduced in the TRA model, using two separate and distinct constructs or beliefs, perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU) editor@iaeme.com

4 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India Perceived usefulness is defined as the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance. Perceived ease of use, in contrast, refers to the degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free of effort (Davis, 1989). The behavioral intention to use the technology or system is a function of PU and ATT. Further, the adaptation also excludes the subjective norm from the original TRA model as one of the determinants of INT and includes external factors that can influence the beliefs PU and PEOU. These two beliefs are statistically distinct (Swanson, 1974) and imply that the INT to use the system is higher when the system is perceived to be effective to achieve his/her purpose by the user and the effort or level of difficulty is perceived to be reasonable. A research study by Klopping and McKinney (2004) is one of the several studies that provide research support to state that TAM is superior to other methods for predicting INT. Venkatesh et al. (2003) proposed a unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology that integrates the erstwhile models to propose a model that introduces four dimensions: (i) performance expectance, (ii) effort expectance, (iii) social influence (SI) and (iv)facilitating conditions for explaining the level of acceptance of usage behavior with respect to technologies. 4. FACTORS INFLUENCING INTERNET BANKING ADOPTION Social Influence SI has often been discussed in studies dealing with internet adoption and is known to impact the adoption of internet and other new technologies by users. Venkatesh and Morris (2000) discuss the interaction between gender and SI. SI pertains to the degree to which one relies on his or her own opinion or places importance on social image, other s advice or perceptions. Davis et al. (1989) mention that users might decide to use a technology based on reasons other than one s own beliefs and feelings. Internet Banking Awareness In this research study, the construct awareness (AW) refers to the information that the user possesses regarding availability of online banking, range of services, process of signing up and benefits and risks involved. Awareness has been cited as an important factor in determining a user s adoption of internet banking (Sathye, 1999; Pikkarainen et al., 2004). In India, recent trends show that banks and other e-services are increasingly following the practice of highlighting the internet banking services that can be availed by the user. Trust In the context of online banking factors such as reliability of the system, privacy and security influences trustworthiness, and in turn determines the extent of adoption by banking customers. Importance of shared value towards development of trust and long-term relationship commitment in case of internet banking was emphasized by (Mukherjee and Nath, 2003). The study established communication as a moderate influencer on trust, while opportunistic behavior was found to have a profound negative impact. Future commitment of banking customers towards internet banking depends on perceived trust as determined by the study. Casalo et al., (2007) observed that security and privacy, usability, and reputation lend a positive effect on consumer trust in the context of an internet banking website. As part of the study, trust was found to have significant positive effect on long-term commitment of customers towards online banking editor@iaeme.com

5 W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan Quality of the Internet Connection The quality of internet (QI) banking, defined in terms of speed and continuity, can influence user s perception of the ease of use. A low-quality connection can make completion of banking tasks difficult and lead to uncertainty regarding the status of transaction. This can adversely impact the degree of PEOU and affect the adoption of internet banking. On the other hand, a better internet service can enhance the user s perception of ease of use and make the user more inclined to use internet banking (Sathye, 1999). Computer Self-Efficacy Computer self-efficacy (CSE) refers to the degree to which an individual relies on his or her own abilities to use the service with no or minimal assistance. The assistance can be in the form of a manual, a phone call or a customer representative. The CSE can vary depending on the cumulative experience and learning from earlier use of a variety of technologies. A number of studies establish the relationship between CSE and the degree of use of internet banking and CSE and PEOU (Davis, 1989; Wang et al., 2003). 5. RESEARCH MODEL This study utilized modified TAM model which is referred as e-tam for predicting the acceptance of internet technologies by banking customers in India. The research model consists of nine dimensions, which are identified from the literature review related to online Banking. The identified dimensions are Social influence, Internet Banking awareness, Trust, Quality of Internet connection, Computer self efficacy, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived ease of use, Customer attitude and Intention to use online Banking. 6. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. Confirming the reliability and validity of individual constructs forming a part of the proposed measurement model of online banking adoption. 2. To identify the level of perceived usefulness based on soicla influence and internet banking awareness. 3. To measure the level of perceived ease of use based on trust, quality of internet connection, computer self efficacy 4. To predict customer attitude and intention to use online banking based on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. 7. HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY 1. Social influence has a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness 2. Internet banking awareness has a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. 3. Trust has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. 4. Quality of internet connection has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. 5. Computer self efficacy has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. 6. Perceived Ease of use create positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. 7. Perceived usefulness create positive and significant impact on customer attitude 8. Perceived ease of use creates positive and significant impact on customer attitude. 9. Customer attitude create positive and significant impact on intention to use online banking editor@iaeme.com

6 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India 8. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY This study utilized survey method for data collection to test the hypotheses developed in the study based on objectives of the study. A sample of 510 respondents was selected randomly from Chennai, capital of Tamilnadu, India. The respondents considered for the study are employees working in manufacturing industries in Chennai. A total of 314 useful responses were collected, resulting into response rate of 61% (314 out of 510). The primary data was collected with the help of structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of two parts. The first part of the questionnaire consists of personal details of the respondents. The second part of the study consists of dimensions related to the study. The dimensions are Social influence, Internet Banking awareness, Trust, Quality of Internet connection, Computer self efficacy, Perceived Usefulness, Perceived ease of use, Customer attitude and Intention to use online Banking. All the dimensions considered for the study consists of four individual statements. The perception of the respondents related to the dimensions considered for the study is measured by Likerts five scaling technique, ranging from strongly agrees to strongly disagree respectively. Initially a pilot study was done with 30 respondents randomly selected, based on the results, few corrections and modification was done in the questionnaire. The data for the study collected during the period of January 2018 to March 2018) and tools used for analyze in this study is Statistical package for social science (SPSS V. 22) and Next generation path modeling. 9. RESULTS OF DATA QUALITY CRITERIA Dimensions / Individual Statements Factor Loadings Social Influence SI1.776 SI2.699 SI3.786 SI4.716 Internet Banking Awareness AW1.830 AW2.887 AW3.848 AW4.727 Trust T1.744 T2.847 T3.769 T4.831 Quality of Internet Connection QIC1.787 QIC2.836 QIC3.848 QIC4.858 Computer Self Efficacy CSE1.826 CSE2.876 CSE3.880 CSE4.836 Perceived Usefulness PU1.752 KMO & Bartleys Test Average Variance Explained Composite Reliability Cronback Alpha editor@iaeme.com

7 W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan PU2.839 PU3.881 PU4.843 Perceived Easy of Use PEOU1.782 PEOU2.861 PEOU3.833 PEOU4.749 Attitude ATT1.827 ATT2.896 ATT3.844 ATT4.874 Intention to use Online Banking IUB1.777 IUB2.774 IUB3.850 IUB The reliability measures in terms of Cronbach s alpha were above the recommended level of 0.60 as an indicator for adequate internal consistency (Nunnally, 1978; Hair et al., 2010). The psychometric properties of all constructs under consideration for this study are given in the above table. The principal component analysis with varimax rotation was used to find how and to what extent the items are associated with respective constructs (Chong et al., 2010). The principle component analysis was used to identify the selected items group on one or more than one constructs. Factor loadings are considered to be very significant if these are above 0.50 (Hair et al., 2010). Appropriateness of factor analysis is tested using two important measures. The first measure is Kaiser Meyer Olkin overall measure of sampling adequacy, and its value was was above 0.50 which falls within the acceptable limit and was also significant at 1 per cent level of significance as p (0.001). The other measure is Bartlett s test of sphericity, and its value was significant at 1 per cent level of significance as p (0.005). This measure indicates a highly significant correlation among the items of the constructs in the survey. 10. DISCRIMINATE VALIDITY OF DIMENSIONS - FORNELL- LARCKER CRITERION Attitude Computer Self Efficacy Intention to Use Online Banking Internet Banking Awareness Perceived Ease of Use Perceived Usefulness Quality of Internet Connection Social Influence Trust Discriminant validity was assessed using Fornell and Larcker (1981), and cross loading criterion (Chin, 2010; Chin, 1998). The off-diagonal values are the correlations between the latent constructs, which show that there is discriminant validity between all the constructs editor@iaeme.com

8 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India 11. STRUCTURAL MODEL OUTPUT

9 W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan 12. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF HYPOTHESES TESTING AND STRUCTURAL RELATIONSHIPS Hypotheses H1 - Social influence has a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness H2 - Internet banking awareness has a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness H3 - Trust has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use H4 - Quality of internet connection has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use H5 - Computer self efficacy has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use H6 - Perceived Ease of use create positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness H7 - Perceived usefulness create positive and significant impact on customer attitude H8 - Perceived ease of use creates positive and significant impact on customer attitude. H9 - Customer attitude create positive and significant impact on intention to use online banking. Path Co- Efficient T Statistics P- Value Decision Supported Supported Not Supported Supported Not Supported Supported Supported Supported Supported The hypothesis (H1) shows that social influence positively influence and has significant impact on perceived usefulness. The path co-efficient value (0.202) and T- statistics value (4.597) conforms the positive and significant impact. The hypothesis is supported that social influence positively and significantly creates impact on perceived usefulness. The hypothesis (H2) implies that internet banking awareness create positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. The path co-efficient value (0.559) and the T- statistics value (12.412) conforms the positivity and significant relationship. Based on the path co-efficient value and T- statistics value the hypothesis is supported. Internet banking awareness has a positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. The hypothesis (H3) shows that trust has a positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. The path value (0.071) and T- statistics value (0.071) shows that there is negative impact between trust and perceived ease of use and it is not significant. The hypothesis is not supported. Trust has a negative influence towards perceived ease of use. The hypothesis (H4) explains that quality of internet connection has a positive impact on perceived ease of use. The path co-efficient value (0.382) and T- statistics value (5.834) conforms the positivity and significant relationship. Based on the path co-efficient value and T- Statistics value the hypothesis is supported. Quality of internet connection has positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. The hypothesis (H5) implies that computer self efficacy create positive and significant impact on perceived ease of use. The path co-efficient value and T- Statistics value (1.097) implies that there is mild positive impact, but it does not create significant impact. The hypothesis is not supported. Computer self efficacy has a positive impact on perceived ease of use, but it does not create significant impact. The hypothesis (H6) explains that perceived ease of use create positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. The path co-efficient value (0.134) and T-statistics value editor@iaeme.com

10 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India (2.385) explains that perceived ease of use create positive and significant impact at (0.05) level. The hypothesis is supported. Thus, Perceived Ease of use creates positive and significant impact on perceived usefulness. The hypothesis (H7) proposed that perceived usefulness create positive and significant impact on customer attitude. The path co-efficient value (0.594) and T- Statistics value (3.663) conforms the positivity and significant impact. The hypothesis is supported. Thus the perceived usefulness create positive and significant impact on customer attitude towards online banking adoption. The hypothesis (H8), proposing that perceived ease of use creates positive and significant impact on customer attitude towards adoption of online Banking. The path co-efficient value (0.156) and T- statistics value (12.737) shows there positive and significant relationship. Thus the hypothesis is supported that Perceived ease of use creates positive and significant impact on customer attitude. The hypothesis (H9) implies that customer attitude create positive and significant impact on intention to use online banking. The path co-efficient value (0.504) and T- statistics value (11.644) conforms the positivity and significant relationship. Based on the path values and t- values, the hypothesis is supported. Customer attitude create positive and significant impact on intention to use online banking. 13. ASSESSMENT OF PREDICTIVE RELEVANCE - RESULTS OF R SQUARE AND Q SQUARE R Square f Square Q Square Attitude Intention to Use Online Banking Perceived Ease of Use Perceived Usefulness Finally, the ƒ², as a measure of the impact of a specific predictor variable on an endogenous construct (Rezaei, 2015; Mohseni et al., 2016), are presented in addition to evaluating the size of the R² values of all endogenous constructs. The dimension attitude towards online banking adoption is predicted 44% by perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. The f square value and Q square value shows there is large impact towards intention to use online banking and Q square values shows attitude has a medium effect. The dimensions attitude predicts intention to use online banking 13%, and the Q square value implies it has medium impact. The dimension perceived ease of use is predicted 19% based on Trust, Quality of internet connection, and computer self-efficacy. Perceived ease of use creates mild impact on attitude towards online Banking adoption and perceived ease of use itself has mild impact. The dimension perceived usefulness predicted 52% based on social influence and internet Banking awareness. The f square and Q square value of perceived usefulness has a high impact on attitude towards online banking adoption. The personal profiles of the respondent s shows that all the respondents are male, thus the study mainly concentrated towards employees working in manufacturing industries in Chennai. Majority of the respondent s age group lies between years. The educational qualification of the respondent s shows that majority of the respondents are under graduates editor@iaeme.com

11 W. Porselvi, Dr. D.Jublee and Dr. G. Sivanesan 14. CONCLUSIONS This study explains the fundamental argument that internet banking adoption intentions are highly influenced by respondents attitude toward internet banking, and these attitudes are influenced by perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. The latter two are the fundamental TAM constructs of internet banking services which are further affected by social influence, awareness of banking services, Quality of internet connections and computer self efficacy. The quality of internet connection is still a major issue in many developing countries like India. The quality of internet connection and computer self efficacy among customers created a negative influence of customer trust towards perceived ease of use of technology advancement in online banking. If the management, policy makers and Government take appropriate initiatives and right strategies to develop quality of internet connection and increase computer self efficacy, the trust level of customer will increase, which will directly change the right attitude towards intention to use online banking and use intention to adopt online banking technologies and innovations. REFERENCE [1] Ajzen, I. (1985), From intentions to actions: a theory of planned behavior, in Kuhl, J. and Beckmann, J. (Eds), Action Control: From Cognition to Behavior, Springer, Heidelberg. [2] Ajzen, I. and Fishbein, M. (1980), Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior, Prentice Hall, Englewood-Cliffs, NJ. [3] Ajzen, I. and Madden, T. (1986), Prediction of goal-directed behavior: attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 22 No. 5, pp [4] Casaló, L. V., Flavián, C. and Guinalíu, M. (2007), The Role of Security, Privacy, Usability and Reputation in the Development of Online Banking, Online Information Review, Vol. 31 No. 5, pp [5] Chong, A.Y.L., Darmawan, N., Ooi, K.B. and Lin, B. (2010), Adoption of 3G services among Malaysian consumers: an empirical analysis, International Journal of Mobile Communications, Vol. 8 No. 2, pp [6] Davis, F.D. (1989), Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and user acceptance of online banking, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 13 No. 3, pp [7] Fishbein, M. and Ajzen, I. (1975), Belief, Attitude, Intention, and Behavior: An Introduction to Theory and Research, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA. [8] Gupta, D. and Kamilla, U. (2014), Cyber Banking in India: A Cross Sectional Analysis Using Structural Equation Model, IUP Journal of Bank Management, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp [9] Hair, F.J., Black, W., Babin, B., and Anderson, R. (2010), Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective, Pearson Education, NJ. [10] Klopping, I.M. and McKinney, E. (2004), Extending the technology acceptance model and the task-technology fit model to consumer e-commerce, Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, Vol. 22 No. 1, pp [11] Mukherjee, A. and Nath, P. (2003), A Model of Trust in Online Relationship Banking, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 21 No. 1, pp [12] Nunnally, J.C. (1978), Psychometric Theory-Vol 2, McGraw-Hill, New York, NY editor@iaeme.com

12 A Study on Factors Influencing Adoption of Technology and Innovation in Banking Industry, Tamilnadu, India [13] Pikkarainen, T., Pijjarainen, K., Karjaluoto, H. and Pahnila, S. (2004), Consumer acceptance of online banking: an extension of the technology acceptance model, Internet Research, Vol. 14 No. 3, pp [14] Saffu, K., Walker, J.H. and Hinson, R. (2008), Strategic value and electronic commerce adoption among small and medium-sized enterprises in a transitional economy, Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, Vol. 23 No. 6, pp [15] Sathye, M. (1999), Adoption of internet banking by Australian consumer: an empirical investigation, International Journal of Bank Marketing, Vol. 17 No. 7, pp [16] Swanson, E.B. (1974), Management information system: appreciation and involvement, Management Science, Vol. 21 No. 2, pp [17] Turban, E., King, D., Lee, J., Warkentin, M. and Chung, M.H. (2008), E-Commerce: A Managerial Perspective, Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. [18] Venkatesh, V. and Morris, M.G. (2000), Why do not men ever stop to ask for directions? Gender, social influence, and their role in technology acceptance and usage behavior, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 24 No. 1, pp [19] Venkatesh, V., Morris, M.G., Davis, G.B. and Davis, F.D. (2003), User acceptance of information technology: towards a unified view, MIS Quarterly, Vol. 27 No. 3, pp [20] Wang, Y.S., Wang, Y.M., Lin, H.H. and Tang, I. (2003), Determinants of user acceptance of internet banking: an empirical study, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Vol. 14 No. 5, pp [21] Dr. M. Parveen and Ms. S. Sameera. Problems and Challenges On Indian Banking Sector In Pre and Post Globalisation Period. International Journal of Management, 7(2), 2016, pp [22] Dr. V. Antony Joe Raja and V. Vijayakumar, A Study on Stress Management among the Different Type of Working Employees of Banking Sector with Skill Development Orientation Solution in India. International Journal of Marketing and Human Resource Management, 8(1), 2017, pp [23] Sudershan Chadha and Dr. Daleep Parimoo, Human Capital Management In Banking Sector-A Conceptual Framework. International Journal of Management, 8 (6), 2017, pp [24] Dr. A. Shameem, Human Capital Challenges: An Empirical Research, Volume 8, Issue 5, May 2017, pp , International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) editor@iaeme.com