I. Create an episode map on westward expansion

Transcription

1 I. Create an episode map on westward expansion

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4 I. The Industrial Revolution led to an increased production by machines instead of humans or animals. A. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain in the 1700s and soon made its way to America B. Machines replaced hand tools, factories replaced skilled laborers and products could be easily made II. The Industrial Revolution changed the way Americans purchase and make products this movement is known as the Market Revolution

5 I. People began buying and selling goods instead of making them on their own II. III. Increase in manufacturing (North and Northwest) A. Making products in factories to sell in markets More people participated in a larger market economy. A. Purchase things instead of making them B. More companies making more products to sell in more markets

6 I. Most people live in rural environments II. Subsistence farmers: grow food & raise animals for self consumption. III. Make other things like clothes, furniture, etc. IV. Trade with neighbors for things they can t make (barter economy)

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8 I. Artisan production = skilled craftsman who makes each product by hand A. Product is made entirely B. No individual parts all one piece C. Difficult & time consuming

9 I. Industrial specialization lead to the Market Revolution A. Specialization focusing on producing 1 or 2 products or crops B. Producers made one product for sale at market instead of many for personal use C. People bought & sold goods rather than making them. II. The American economy grew due to free enterprise A. Economic system where private businesses control the means of production & earn profits B. Entrepreneurs: owned businesses & made profits

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11 I. Causes: A. Improvements in Transportation get products to market B. Increased Industrialization make products easier C. Improvements in communications communicate to other producers and consumers about products II. Results = Increased commercialization (more Americans involved in commercial market activity). Buying and selling more

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13 I. Steamboats A. Robert Fulton invented the steamboat B. Travel upriver and downriver C. Shipping faster, easier and cheaper II. Canals (Erie) à NE & NW A. Canals are man-made rivers B. Canals connect places away from rives to rives, lakes or oceans

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17 I. George Stephenson invented the steam locomotive in the earl 1800s II. Provided fast land transportation III. People and products can be moved without water or horses A. Fast & cheap shipping

18 I. The invention and growth of Railroads allowed for overland transportation of products & people II. Railroads allowed the for products and people to be moved quickly over land A. Never possible before III. Railroads connects places never before connected

19 I. Samuel F.B. Morse invented the telegraph in the 1840s I. Telegraph provided instant communication A. Communication available throughout entire nation II. Companies and consumers can speak instantly about prices and products

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21 I. Efficient transportation became essential. A. Moving products became as important as making products B. Manufacturers needed to be able to move products from factory to consumer II. Railroads allowed products to arrive at markets quickly and cheaply A. Trains could operate in winter. B. Brought goods further inland. III. Improved communication & transportation made America s regions interdependent (rely on each other)

22 I. South remain cash crop agricultural. A. Relied on tobacco, cotton, rice II. Northeast became a center for commerce. A. Relied on manufacturing to sustain the economy. III. Midwest became agricultural. A. Relied on specialization of wheat, corn & cattle IV. All three regions of the USA began trading with one another thanks to transportation improvements

23 Regional Specialization North à Industrial Manufacturing SOUTH à Cotton, Tobacco & Slavery WEST à The Nation s Breadbasket (FOOD)

24 I. During the Market Revolution the American society will undergo significant change. A. Urbanization (Urban Growth) à more people moving to cities i. Americans can find work in factories B. Transportation Improvements à goods & people can move much faster i. Railroads, Steamboats, Roads (Turnpikes) & Canals C. Communication à people can communicate instantly i. Telegraph provides instant communication ii. Connects the American nation à North, South & West

25 I. Manufacturers needed cheap labor for factory work II. Competition forced factory owners to cut wages and working conditions began to deteriorate. A. Lower wages means more profits B. Cheaper prices means more sales C. All about maintaining profits III. Factory owners begin to turn to immigrant labor (The Irish)

26 I. The Market Revolution led to specialization (focusing on one thing) in the three regions of the American economy II. III. North, South and West will all focus on one economic means of wealth The market allows the regions to specialize then sell products in market

27 1 2 Explain how the Market Revolution changed the way items were obtained: Prior to the Market Revolution how were items made? Why was transportation important during the Market Revolution? Explain three advancements in transportation during the Market Revolution Discuss the change in communication during the Market Revolution:

28 Complete a picture and two sentences on the following vocabulary words: 1 Industrial Revolution 2 Market Revolution 3 Free Enterprise (Economic) 4 Entrepreneurs 5 Steamboats 6 Steam Locomotive (Railroads) 7 Telegraph