Content 1.About Denka Black 2.Property 3.Main Application 4.Denka Black Special Type

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1 Denki Kagaku Kogyo K.K.

2 Content 1.About Denka Black 2.Property 3.Main Application 4.Denka Black Special Type

3 1. About Denka Black Acetylene Black is a kind of carbon black made from acetylene gas. There are some production method of Acetylene Black, which are thermal decomposition, explosion, channel process. Our Denka Black is produced by continuing exothermic decomposition process.

4 1. About Denka Black Formation process of carbon black (Raw Material) Hydrocarbon decomposition or combustion dehydrogenation (nuclear formation and growth)(aggregation) <Denka Black> C <Thermal Black> 2H 2 2C H 2 CH 4 C 2H 2 Raw Material:Acetylene Gas Exothermic decomposition Raw Material:Natural Gas Endothermic decomposition <Furnace Black> Raw Material:Crude Oil C H O Air H O C H x y CO Incomplete combustion

5 1. About Denka Black Carbide(CaC 2 ) generator Water(H 2 O) Acetylene(C 2 H 2 ) Reactor Storage tank Compressed Granular Packing Packing Packing Compressed Grade Powder Grade Granule Grade

6 1. About Denka Black Characteristics Powder and compression Types Unique Type Granule Type Powder 50%P 100%P HS-100 Average particle size nm Surface Area m2/g Iodine adsorption value mg/g DBP absorption ml/100g Electrical resistivity Ωcm /2C0 A Lc A Bulk density g/ml Moisture content % Ash Content % Carbon grit (>150μm) ppm <10 <10 <10 - <10 (>45μm) ppm <1 - ph - 9~10 9~10 9~10 9~10 9~10 Packing (kg / in paper bag)

7 1. About Denka Black Denka Black Granule Furnace Black Distribution (wt%) frequency Accumulation Pellet size (mm) Denka Black Granule The particle size of Denka Black Granule is small and uniformlysized, Denka Black Granule has a good dispersion and handling.

8 Process Acetylene Property of Denka Black High Purity Gas Exothermic decomposition only C and H high concentration (C/H ratio=1) high temperature(2000 over) rapid reaction High Structure Low Functional Group High Crystallization Uniformly-sized Particle size Main Application Cable Compound Conductive Silicone Electronic Package Tire Curing Bladder Conductive Rubber & Plastic Carbon Zinc Battery Lead Storage Battery Lithium Ion Battery Other Battery etc.

9 TEM Photograph 500nm Furnace Black Denka Black Thermal Black Denka Black has a high structure and uniformly-sized particle size.

10 Distribution (wt%) Accumulation frequency Denka Black Primaly particle size (nm) uniformly-sized particle size Primary Particle size

11 Distribution (wt%) Denka Black High Structure Accumulation frequency Aggregate size (μm) Aggregated Particle size Effect of aggregated structure High liquid Absorbency High electric conductivity High thermal conductivity

12 TEM Photograph 50 nm Furnace Black Denka Black Clear Crystal layer (High Crystallization)

13 Crystalline structure /2C 0 Lc 1/2C 0 Lc A A Graphite < Denka Black ~35 Furnace Black 3.55~ Thermal Conductivity [J(m sk)-1] Furnace Black Lc [A ] Denka Black Polymer:IIR CB dosage:40phr Denka Black has a good thermal conductivity because of high crystallinity.

14 TG(%) Furnace Black A Furnace Black B Denka Black heating rate : 5 /min Temperature ( ) Because Denka Black has high crystallinity and little functional group, the oxidation of heat-condition is lower than another carbon black.

15 method Denka Black Furnace Black Glanule Conductive HAF Limit of detec. Fe ICP Ni ICP 0.1 N.D. N.D. 0.1 Cu ICP N.D. N.D. N.D. 0.1 Cr ICP N.D. 0.1 Si ICP Ca ICP Al ICP Mg ICP N.D Mn ICP N.D. N.D V ICP N.D. 0.5 N.D. 0.1 P ICP N.D. N.D. N.D. 2 S IC N.D Na AA N.D Cl IC N.D. N.D Zn ICP N.D. 0.1 Pb ICP N.D. 0.5 Cd ICP N.D Low Metallic impurity of Denka Black ICP : Inductive Coupled Plasma / IC : Ion Chromatography / AA : Atomic Absorption

16 device : furnace reactor : GC/MS furnace Temperature : (20 /min) Intensity (A) Denka Black H2O CO CO2 Intensity(A) Furnace Black 1H 2 O (adsorption) -COOH -OH -CHO >CO H2O CO CO2 -O- -CH 2-2CO 2 3H 2 O 4CO Temperature ( ) Temperature ( ) Denka Black has almost no functional group.

17 10 Oxygen Content(%) Furnace Black Denka Black Surface Area (m2/g) Oxygen Content (acid functional group) of Denka Black is quite lower than other carbon black.

18 <Condition> Temperature:30 Humidity:90% Furnace Black B Surface DBP moisture Area m2/g ml/100g % absorption after 15days Denka Black Furnace Black A Furnace Black B Moisture(%) Furnace Black A Denka Black days Denka Black is a hydrophobic carbon black <merit> No agglomeration because of moisture. No degasification during heat-treatment.

19 3. Application Cable Semiconductive layer Carbon Zinc Battery Lead Storage Battery IC Tray Silicone Rubber (Keypad)

20 3. Application Li-ion Battery 三洋電機社製 Battery for PC and Mobile phone EDLC Li-polymer Battery Hybrid Vehicle and Battery Vehicle