Organic solar cells (OPV): from materials to devices

Transcription

1 rganic solar cells (PV): from materials to devices Bulkheterojunction solar cells (BHJ) 1997 Hybrid solar cells (HPV) 2002 Dye sensitized solar cells (DC) 2007 PV advantages: low cost technology & unconventional applications Photoactive materials: keyrole for conversion efficiency improvements Activity Materials preparation synthesis of donor polymers preparation of donor/acceptor systems synthesis of ntype materials optical and morphological characterisation Materials and devices tests photophysical characterisations solar cells assembly and processing photovoltaic characterisations

2 BHJ: how they work cathode anode bulk heterojunction light org. photoactive layer h e current DA glass / plastic D electron donor D, ptype el. acceptor A, ntype Photoactive layer D/A morphology e fast slow catode D A D A Photoinduced charge transfer

3 Materials design for efficient BHJ solar cells Donor/Acceptor Energy match Energy (ev) vs vacuum IT LUM HM ptype Donor LUM HM ntype Acceptor Al Voc olar light harvesting nm Jsc e anode Donor/Acceptor morphology Jsc, FF, Voc catode Electrondonor, ptype X n X= 1 1 Electronacceptor, ntype A DonorAcceptor, ambipolar (CH 2 ) 5 X C 10 H 21 Y n A = C 12H 25 NC CN NC CN C 12 H 25 C 12H N N N N Ni N N N N 2 2 N N N N N N Ni N N N N

4 BHJ assembling and characterisation IV V curve PCE P el. out = FF P inc. Jsc Voc P inc. Current density [ma/cm 2 ] FF= J mp V mp / J sc V oc Jsc V V oc mp J mp Voltage (V) EQE PCE = 3.5% EQE (nr el././nr.. inc. photons) IPCE % nm

5 Donor/ Acceptor morphology engineering Conj. polymer donor, hole transporting Active layer dep. el. acceptor mol. & el. trasporting Thermal & solvents treatments and or N N EUMAP Double cables conj. backbone: electron donor & hole transporting el. acceptor mol. & el. trasporting solarntype Ntype polymers acceptor polymer & el. trasporting

6 DonorAcceptor doublecables for BHJ UCM UAM LI Doublecables : copolymer containing Donor and Acceptor forming both ptype and ntype charge pathways in the solid state ambipolar materials tuning D/A content tuning solar harvesting changing 3D assembling X = 10%!00% C 12 H 25 A = NC CN C 12 H 25 C 12 H N N N N Ni N N N N 2 2 N NN N N N Ni N N N N (CH 2 ) 5 C 10 H 21 C 12 H 25 NC CN x y n M.V. MartínezDíaz, et all.tetrahedron Letters 44, 8475 (2003) F. Giacalone, et all rg. Letters, 5, 1670 (2003). Luzzati et all, ynth. Metals, 139, 731 (2003) M. Catellani et all, J. Mater. Chem. 14, 67 (2004); M. Catellani, et all. Thin olid Film, 451, 2 (2004). Luzzati et. al. J. Phys. Chem. B,110, (2006)

7 Doublecables photophysical characterisation Photophysical characterisation by photoinduced absorption (PA) and Lightinduced E spectroscopies for different copolymer compositions (D/A content) UCM LI Kinetics of persistent charges (L)E (normalized) PA intensity (a.u.) Time (sec) PA PTA100 PTA75 PTA50 PTA25 LE 28 (mw/cm 2 ) time (sec) X = 10%!00% (x 10 3 ) ΔΤ/Τ 2 0 (CH 2)5 PA C 12H 25 e X Y n C 10 H 21 pectral signatures of photoinduced charges vs D/A content 75% 25% 100% 50% D cm probe energy (ev) A 100 % 0 % photoexcitation model n D n acceptors, Eignal [ arb. units ] A (g: ) LE 100 % 75 % 50 % 25 % Magnetic Field [ G ] D ( g: ). Luzzati et. al. J. Phys. Chem. B,110, (2006)

8 esearch products : New photoactive materials for plastics solar cells and DC Photoinduced charge transfer processes in photoactive materials for solar cells Fabrication of plastics solar cells with optimized performances Pubblications on JC journals International visibility of the results about 500 citations on international JC journals Plastic solar cells: from materials to device &D of innovative organic photoactive materials for efficient plastics solar cells Conclusions Donor/Acceptor morphology engineering a) Donor/Acceptor copolymers for BHJ solar cells b) Ntype polymers for allpolymer solar cells Ismac is the national representative in CA rgapvnet esearch Contracts Multinational Energy Company Actual esearch Projects TN olarntype ( ) Fond. Cariplo Mx DC ( ) Fond. Cariplo 3d gen. PV ( ) Fond. Cariplo Danae ( ) PIN LED e PV Materials ( )

9 esearch team and collaborations Double cables M. Catellani,. Luzzati, N. Lupsac,.Yunus,. Mendichi,. Consonni, V. Meille, A. Mozer, P. Denk, F. Giacalone, J.L. egura, N. Martin, M.V. Martinez Diaz,. Esperanza, T. Torres,, M. charber, H. Neugebauer, N.. ariciftci Linz Institute of rganic olar cells Konarka Austria Univ. Complutense, Madrid Ntype polymers Politecnico, Milano E. Kozma, D. Kotowski, F. Munno, G. cavia,. Luzzati, M. Catellani Univ. Autonoma, Madrid M. Catellani E. Kozma. Luzzati D. Kotowski F. Munno A. Arcari G. cavia. Destri M. Parini F. Bertini. Consonni. Mendichi