Revolution. NON-Chemical Treatment. Technology. for Scale Control. 500 different Applications NON TOXIC FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND GREEN TECHNOLOGY

Transcription

1 Revolution of NON-Chemical Treatment Technology for Scale Control in 500 different Applications NON TOXIC FOR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND GREEN TECHNOLOGY FILTERSORB SP3

2 Table of contents 1. Glossary of terms 2. Instruction 3. Description 4. Operation 5. Applications

3 WATCH Glossary of Terms aq. aqueous Ca calcium CaCO 3 calcium carbonate Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 calcium bicarbonate CO 3 carbonate CO 2 carbon dioxide COC cycle of concentration gpm gallons per minute H 2 O water HCO 3 bicarbonate HVAC heating, ventilation and air conditioning MCL maximum contaminant level mg/l micrograms per liter OH - hydroxide ion TBC total bacterial counts TDS total dissolved solids TSS total suspended solids VOC volatile organic compound

4 Introduction Most water softening treatments employ hazardous chemical agents which represent a risk for human health and have a serious impact on environment. Phosphates, phosphonates, corrosive acids such as HCl and H 2 SO 4, sodium chloride (NaCl) and other chemicals have typically been used to soft hard water. Due to their hazard and persistence in the environment, some of these chemicals, such as phosphates, sodium chloride and acids, are now starting to be prohibited from use in drinking water, heating water, and many other applications such as food and beverages, or cooling towers. Several water treatment companies have introduced alternative technologies to treat hard water and most of them are also commercially available. These non-salt technologies claim to have the capability to prevent scale and corrosion problems but none of these technologies have developed a Test Kit. Filtersorb SP3 is the only commercially available non-salt, non-chemical hard water treatment media to have an effective and immediate mean for testing. The development of the Test Kit is a big success, showing the transformation of the treated hard water after the use of Filtersorb SP3 media. Use of Filtersorb SP3 which again it is a non-salt, non chemical treatment technology offers many move additional advantages. Filtersorb SP3 is based on a nonchemical scale prevention technology requiring a minimal maintenance as compare to traditional water softeners. Historically, facility management operators have used dosing chemicals to control scale and corrosion. And a properly managed chemical dosing unit needs adjustment, control and reports of dosing chemicals. Chemicals such as polyphosphates, phosphonates, silicates, polymers or combination of these chemicals to control scale and corrosion inhibitors ware added to form a protective layer surfaces. Nothing is added in water when using Filtersorb SP3. In opposition the chemicals used in classical hardness treatment are creating health problems. These scale and corrosion inhibitors combine with cations in the pipeline of drinking water to form a pseudo-scale. Moreover, bacteria such as Legionella utilize phosphate based corrosion and scale inhibitors as a food source and therefore grow much faster. Additionally, a growing number of water softeners are falling under even stricter laws in regards to their use and handling, such the recent ban on sodium chloride softeners ban in the State of California. The amounts of NaCl used by these softeners are finally retrieved in the environment, leading to increased water salinity and high costs associated with water treatment. Moreover increasing sodium content in water is detrimental to human health, as many studies have proved. On the other side, calcium and magnesium ions

5 which are removed in the classical softening process are essential mineral for human body, and removing them from water, is depriving us from one of the most important source of beneficial elements for the body functions. Finally, it s worth mentioning that many facility management, hotel management and industrial companies have received corporate mandates to minimize the waste of water and reduce the use or eliminate the classical water softeners. Description of Filtersorb SP3 Scale Prevention When the hard water undergoes nucleation in the pressure vessel, the calcium bicarbonate Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 is transformed in aragonite form of calcium carbonate CaCO 3 crystals. These crystals are appearing through decomposition and crystallization process, forming very hard needle-shaped crystals. The following equation describes the reaction occurring inside the pressure vessel when hard water flows over grains of Nucleation. 2 Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 2 CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O In the pressure vessel, the equilibrium of carbonate species in water is shifted, assisted by the driving force of stable crystal formation and therefore the reaction is pushed to the right. With this technology, as soon as CO 2 is being removed from soluble Ca (HCO 3 ), calcium converts into insoluble calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) crystals. The calcium carbonate crystals are growing steadily. They are very stable and cannot dissolve in water. Glass grains crystallization sites provide increased nucleation sites in the form of submicron sized CaCO 3 crystals. Once form and detached from the surface of Filtersorb SP3 the crystals will not adhere to any other surfaces even in case of hot water applications. Bacterial Growth Prevention with Filtersorb SP3 Very high bed volumes flows (up to BV/hour) makes the water velocity so high that the grains collision pressure along with mechanical sheer forces contribute to reduce the number of various kind of microorganisms. Dramatic changes in velocity and pressure as water passes through the pressure vessel or filter housings leads to bacteria elimination by physically rupturing the cell membrane. The cell membrane is destroyed under such impact of collision forces created by the colliding grains which contributes to cell wall destruction. Bacteria die immediately when their cell membrane is broken.

6 Corrosion control Carbon dioxide can change the ph of water. This is how it works: CO 2 +H 2 O H 2 CO 3 H 2 CO 3 is called carbonic acid, after that, carbonic acid reacts slightly and reversibly in water to form hydronium cation H 3 O + and the bicarbonate ion HCO 3 -. H 2 CO 3 + H 2 O HCO H 3 O + This chemical behavior explains why water, which normally has a ph of 7 has an acidic ph of approximately 5,5 when it has been exposed to air. Carbon dioxide has an influence an alkalinity Corrosion, triggered by the ph decrease of the process water, is a very common problem for pipes and metallic parts. Iron and other metals are corroded when coming in contact with acidic water. Filtersorb SP3 technology minimizes or rather stop corrosion reactions by reducing the the corrosiveness of the treated water. Within the FilterSorb System with the right pressure it degasses some of the CO 2 which brings the ph of treated water to a non-corrosive level. Filtersorb SP3 eliminates the need of corrosion inhibitors and dangerous chemicals, maintaining relatively high ph levels, and inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. TDS of the water is absolutely not influenced as compare to sodium or salt water softeners.

7 Operation of the FILTERSORB SP3 As illustrated below, the Filtersorb SP3 technology system is an upflow, fluidization water treatment application. It includes two parts: a SOFT-NO-R unit and a Filtration system. SK 1 Head Fluidized Bed of Filtersorb SP3 Riser tube Tank Crystalls of Calcium Carbonate on crystallization sites Filtersorb SP3 active surface Crystalls of Calcium Carbonate in water Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 (aq) Amorphous Calcium Carbonate Decomposition of Calcium Bicarbonate

8 SOFT-NO-R Scale of Fluid Treated-No-Regeneration The separation/filtration system unit is used to activate the precipitated calcium carbonate crystals to grow and improve the efficiency of scale prevention. The unit works on the principle of hydrodynamic nucleation on a grain boundary. A nucleation grain boundary opens the bracket of dissolved calcium bicarbonate into the separate calcium carbonates from liquid phase and releases CO 2. 2 Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 2 CaCO 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O Dissolved Insoluble Crystals Such an interesting technology is to be considered always for the treatment of hard water. Its working principle is based on nucleation and crystals growth with Soft-No-R installation followed by filtration. On the Filtersorb SP3 surface crystals will growth in micron range, and their size can be rapidly increased by filter cartridges within the range of 10 to 50 µm in less than one second contact time. The CO 2 will remain in solution as very fine bubbles of micron size. Water will stay fresh for a very long time. Crystals of CaCO 3 (water hardness) are of highest purity and not toxic. They are an excellent source of mineral calcium for human body, and they have a high bioavailability. Scale prevention, without the use of salt or chemicals By the crystallization of calcium and magnesium hardness in water and degassing CO 2 from water will be avoided the scaling of any equipment of cooling towers. By preventing scale deposition, Filtersorb SP3 improves heat transfer capacity in range of 105% to 110% with less energy consumption to keep water temperature, both in hot and cold water applications. NOTE: There is one very important difference, the build-up of the non dissoluble crystal.

9 Why Filtersorb SP3 is so different CaCO 3 (Calcium Carbonate) crystals formed in Watch Water Filtersorb SP3 technology crystallizes differently. The glass coated Grains in Nucleation grain boundary forms Aragonite crystals instead of Calcite crystals. During the formation of Calcite calcium carbonate, CO 2 gas macro-bubbles escape much faster from water, drops ph and increase water conductivity. FILTERSORB SP3 keeps the CO 2 in very small, micron-sized bubbles in water and only very tiny polymorph Aragonite crystals are formed. With time when more carbon dioxide CO 2 gas bubbles gets stripped through a natural degassing process more of the calcium carbonate polymorph Aragonite crystals are formed. Properties of Filtersorb SP3 Crystals Polymorphic Aragonite Crystals made on Nucleation Technology. With a very smooth surface of glass coated grain Templates, the formed calcium carbonate crystals do not form scale. Calcium carbonate crystals made or formed by Filtersorb SP3 remains dissolved in water and will never scale or stuck to heat sources or on any other surfaces or applications. Last but not least crystals of polymorph Aragonite are much harder than Calcite and they grow in needle-shaped crystals, while calcite crystals have a leaf shaped pattern. The harder Aragonite can even clean the older calcite lime scale deposits and remove them over time. By pumping the water through FILTERSORB SP3 the treatment can be performed continuously. The water which passes through the system contains very small micrometer-sized bubbles. As crystals are already formed these bubbles floats with the flow and after a while they cannot go back to the former state. The water is now so vitalized, the viscosity is lowered and the polar molecules are structured in a best suitable form so the human beings, animals and plants can utilize the structured water much more efficiently. The bio fouling inside the pipes is so much reduced due to this new type of revolution that many harmful chemicals, salts treatment can be reduced. The FILTERSORB SP3 operational process is so easy that system can be installed in different size from 2 to 500 gpm and beyond, in hundred different applications.

10 Applications - Household - Hot and cold beverage machines - Pools - Cooling towers - Hot water boilers - Instant heaters - CIP systems - Injection molding machines - Reverse Osmosis pretreatment - Dishwashers - Industrial Washing Machines - Car wash - Ice machines