PEKASOL Heat Transfer Fluid based on Inhibited Organic Salts

Transcription

1 Heat Transfer Fluid based on Inhibited Organic Salts

2 Pekasol2000 US :17 Uhr Seite 2 Table of contents Introduction 3 Product Description 3 Applications 3 Product Properties 3 Material Compatibility 3 Dilution Table 4 Packaging 4 Safety Precautions 4 Toxicological Data 4 Storage & Handling 4 Software 4 Service & Maintenance 4 Other Products 5 Corrosion Data 5 Material Compatibility 5 Electrolytic Corrosion 5 Diagrams: Dynamic Viscosity 6, 7 Kinematic Viscosity 8, 9 Density 10, 11 Relative pressure loss 12, 13 Prandtl-Number 14, 15 Coefficient of cubic expansion 16, 17 Specific heat 18, 19 Relative heat transfer coefficient 20, 21 Thermal conductivity 22, 23 Ice formation 24

3 Pekasol2000 US :18 Uhr Seite 3 Product Properties is an aqueous, non-flammable solution based on environmentally friendly Potassium Formiates and Potassium Acetates. Specially formulated inhibitors protect your systems from corrosion. A newly developed combination of organic salts enables solutions to be cooled down to -76 F (-60 C) while maintaining a very low viscosity. was developed for the exclusive use in cooling systems. The minimal use concentration should be kept above 48 Percent by weight, which equals 41 Percent by volume. solutions may not have sufficient inhibitor properties below these concentrations. can be mixed with PEKASOL 50 at any ratio. should not be mixed with other products. Undesirable chemical reactions as well as product precipitation in the system may occur. Preparing systems for the addition of must only be used in closed systems under the exclusion of Oxygen. can be used with temperatures ranging between -76 F (-60 C) and +68 F (+20 C). During system defrosting, solutions may be temporarily heated to +120 F (+50 C). Every system using should have a filter installed. The water used to prepare solutions must meet certain minimum requirements for purity. Impurities in the dilution water can increase metal corrosion, aggravate pitting of cast iron and steel, and reduce the effectiveness of the corrosion inhibitors. It may also increase the depletion rate of the inhibitor package; cause formation of scale and other deposits on heat transfer surfaces, or cause clogging of system components. To ensure optimal performance in the cooling system, we recommend the use of pre-diluted solutions. If the solution is prepared on site from concentrate, only deionized or distilled water should be used for preparing the use solution. Existing systems In existing systems, all lines and system components should be thoroughly cleaned and flushed before charging the system with. Physical Properties: Specific Gravity (@ 68 F): lb/ft 3 (1.290 g/cm 3 ) Boiling Point: 220 F (105 C) PH-value: 9-11 Susceptible to cold: < -76 F (-60 C) Specific Heat (@ 68 F): Thermal Conductivity (@ 68 F): Dynamic Viscosity (@ 68 F): If the fluid previously used contained silicates (e.g. automotive antifreeze), it may be necessary to remove silicate residues from the system. It is important to remove all rust, scale, and sediment from the system. Traces of chloride should also be removed whether from old fluid or residual from acid cleaner because chlorides can contribute to corrosion. For large systems or systems where corrosion is already evident, consult a professional industrial cleaning company. For heavily fouled or corroded systems, an optimum cleaning procedure includes the use of an inhibited acid followed by neutralization and phospatization. This procedure is very involved and should only be performed by a company specializing in professional industrial cleaning. It is important that all traces of chemical are removed and that the system be thoroughly flushed with water. New Systems New systems are typically coated with oil, grease or a protective film during fabrication, storage, or construction. Dirt, solder flux as well as welding and pipe scale may also cause problems. It is recommended that new systems be thoroughly cleaned before charging. A solution of 1% 2 % Trisodium Phosphate can be used with water for flushing the system. The system volume can be calculated during this stage by metering in the initial fill of the system, or by chemical analysis of cleaning chemicals after known quantities are introduced into the system. Compatibility of with various metals To prevent corrosion on steel and cast iron, all systems using should be designed as closed systems. Steel and cast iron must not be connected with other materials that could carry an electrical current between the system components. Severe galvanic corrosion may result otherwise. The more reactive metal (here steel and cast iron) will be destroyed. Galvanized materials must not be used in systems with Btu/(lb F) Btu/(hr ft 2 )( F/ft) 3.81 cps Engineering and operating guide 3

4 Pekasol2000 US :21 Uhr Seite 4 Temperature Package The galvanization will dissolve quickly resulting in insoluble deposits in the system. Brass components must be resistant to dezincification. This is normally the case with brass components having a copper content of more than 63% (MS63). Especially suitable are components made of AMETALL. Ammonia is an important factor contributing to corrosion on copper, soft metal alloys and aluminum. Contamination in very small ppm levels may cause significant damage. When ammonia is used as the primary refrigerant, it must be assured that no cross contamination between the and the ammonia occurs. SAFETY, HANDLING AND STORAGE OF FLUIDS Toxicology To obtain complete toxicological information for PEKA- SOL 2000 fluids, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for. The MSDS provides the most up-to-date health and safety information related to the use of. You should consult the MSDS before using fluids. Storage & Handling can be stored under most normal conditions. It should be stored dry and preferably in the original shipping container. Avoid storing in the direct sunlight. The material is low in toxicity, does not ignite and does not have a flash point. Tank truck shipments can be emptied into approved storage tanks or clean drums. Percent required F volume% weight% density refraction g/cm 3 index Content 55 Gallon HDPE plastic drums 590 lbs. 330 Gallon Intermediate Bulk Containers 3,540 lbs. Tank Trucks > 1,500 Gallons Packaging units concentrate Tank Storage The use of plastic tanks is recommended for storing fluids. Other tank materials may be used, but we recommend checking for compatibility with our technical services. Rusting may occur in the vapor space of tanks where no inhibitor is present. This rust can occur when condensation occurs and oxygen is present. The problem can be minimized by closing any vent to the tank to limit oxygen intake or by using suitable coatings for protecting the vapor space of the tank. Since fluids can be cooled to temperatures as low as -76 F (-60 C), no heat or insulation is normally required. Drum Storage normally ships in non-returnable HDPE plastic drums. may be stored in the original shipping drums. The drums should be tightly closed after each withdrawal to prevent evaporation of ingredients. Drums should be stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place. Exposure to direct sunlight should be avoided. Software for Calculating Thermodynamic Values To easily calculate the thermodynamic values of, our company offers special computer software. The software program may be obtained directly from Loeffler Chemical Corporation at or at our Internet web site at Analytical Services After the system has been filled and circulated for 24 hours, an initial 16 fluid ounce (500 ml) fluid sample should be withdrawn and sent to us. After four to six weeks of operation, another sample should be withdrawn and sent to us for analysis. Once the system is in operation, it is recommended that samples be taken one or twice a year. Before taking the sample, the system should be well circulated in order to obtain a representative sample. Approximately two to three weeks after the sample is received, we will send you a report with the results of the analysis as well as recommendations for unusual conditions. When to use Propylene Glycol or Ethylene Glycol In systems where both heating and cooling is required or in HVAC systems, we recommend the use of Ethylene Glycol based PEKASOL EG. In applications where the con- 4

5 Pekasol2000 US :22 Uhr Seite 5 tact with drinking water is possible or the possibility of incidental food contact exists, we recommend the use of Propylene Glycol based PEKASOL PG. Operation of systems with different metals and ion conductive fluids When metals contact an ion conductive fluid (ground or aqueous solutions), we have a potential-difference in the area where the metal and the solution contact each other. The intensity of the potential-difference varies depending upon the metal and the chemical properties of the fluid. When two metallic components made of different materials are connected, and both metals are in contact with an ion conducting fluid, an electromechanical element is created, whose element-current is short-circuited. This generates a current in the metal from the highergrade metal to the lower-grade metal. The direct current then travels from the lower-grade metal to the electrolytic fluid and back to the metal. Whenever current travels from a metal into an electrolytic solution, metal loss occurs (electrochemical corrosion). The amount of metal loss is proportionate to the amount of current traveling. The higher the potential differential between the different metals, the higher the direct current generated. To prevent this type of corrosion it is recommended to avoid the use of different metals in systems or piping where electrolytic solutions are used. If the use of multiple metals cannot be avoided, it is recommended to use metals whose potential difference (difference of normal potentials) is very small. For example, copper and brass have a very small potential difference. If the use of such metals cannot be realized, it is recommended to separate the metals by using isolation threads or isolation fittings to prevent the formation of current. It is important that no other metallic connection exists between the isolated metal parts such as grounding or potential equalization. The table below shows the potential difference of several commonly used metals. The higher the difference in potential between two metals, the higher the possibility that corrosion occurs in systems where both metals are used next to each other. The corrosion will occur in the lower grade metal or the metal with the more negative normal-potential. The normal-potentials can only indicate the conditions in systems as they reflect theoretical values only. The potential differences in practical conditions can vary considerably dependent upon the actual conditions in the system. The here described electrochemical corrosion can only occur in the presence of oxygen. This means that potenti- Corrosion Test Results Weight Loss in grams Water 60 weight % 60 weight % at 14 dh ASTM-D 1384 ASTM-D 1384 ASTM-D 1384 without air carbon steel copper brass unknown cast aluminium stainless steel solder (silver) unknown solder (without silver) cast iron aluminium Material Compatibility with Plastics ABS PE PP EPDM PTFE PVC 2 PA EP BR NBR 3 CR SBR FPM UP acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polyethylene polypropylene ethylene-propylene-dienemomomer polytetrafluoroethylene polyvinylchloride polyamide epoxy resins butyl rubber nitrile rubber chloroprene rubber (polychlorobutadiene rubber) styrene/butadiene rubber fluorocarbon elastomers unsaturated polyester resin 2) The maximum and minimum temperature should be considered for PVC as well as any other plastic materials 3) A harder type NBR rubber should be used as soft nitrile rubbers may result in leakage. Generally, materials that are resistant against alkalis, carbonic acids and salts may be used. Centellen NP gaskets (WS3860) are compatible. LOCTITE 557 and 542 glues are compatible. Hemp, natural fibers, silicones and silicon-based compounds are not compatible. If materials are used that are not listed above, please contact our offices or your local distributor. Before using plastics and gasket materials, we recommend to obtain a compatibility certification from the manufacturer. al corrosion in closed systems ceases once all the oxygen has been scavenged. If it can be assured that no oxygen can enter the system, the before mentioned precautions are not necessary. Engineering and operating guide 5

6 Pekasol2000 US :24 Uhr Seite 6 Dynamic viscosity h in cps [mpa*s] frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

7 Pekasol2000 US :26 Uhr Seite 7 Dynamic viscosity cps F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 7

8 Pekasol2000 US :28 Uhr Seite 8 Kinematic viscosity n in cst [mm 2 /s] frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

9 Pekasol2000 US :31 Uhr Seite 9 Kinematic viscosity cst F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 0.6 7

10 Pekasol2000 US :34 Uhr Seite 10 Density r in lb/ft 3 frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

11 Pekasol2000 US :36 Uhr Seite 11 Density lb/ft F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 67 11

12 Pekasol2000 US :38 Uhr Seite 12 Relative pressure loss f r,t f r,t = (u/u water ) 0,25 * r/r water water at 50 F frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

13 Pekasol2000 US :40 Uhr Seite 13 Relative pressure loss relative pressure loss F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 13

14 Pekasol2000 US :42 Uhr Seite 14 Prandtl number Pr Pr=h * cp/l frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

15 Pekasol2000 US :45 Uhr Seite 15 Prandtl number Prandtl number F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 4 15

16 Pekasol2000 US :24 Uhr Seite 16 Coefficient of cubic expansion β = 1/v * dv/dt β in 0,001/K frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

17 Pekasol2000 US :25 Uhr Seite 17 Coefficient of cubic expansion β (K -1 ) F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 17

18 Pekasol2000 US :27 Uhr Seite 18 Specific heat c p in Btu/(hr ft 2 ) ( F/ft) frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

19 Pekasol2000 US :29 Uhr Seite 19 Specific heat Btu/ (hr ft 2 ) ( F/ft) F frost resistance 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F -76 F 19

20 Pekasol2000 US :30 Uhr Seite 20 Relative heat transfer coefficient f α,r = f α /f water, 68 F f α = λ 0,6 (ρc p ) 0,4 /ν 0,47 frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

21 Pekasol2000 US :32 Uhr Seite 21 Relative heat transfer coefficient f α r F 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F frost resistance -76 F 21

22 Pekasol2000 US :33 Uhr Seite 22 Thermal conductivity λ in Btu / lb hr F frost resistance / F vol. % m % temperature / F

23 Pekasol2000 US :35 Uhr Seite 23 Thermal conductivity Btu/ft hr F F frost resistance 14 F -4 F -22 F -40 F -58 F -76 F 23

24 Pekasol2000 US :37 Uhr Seite 24 Ice formation 15 F liquid solid ice slurry m% crystallization start pourpoint 24

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26 Pekasol2000 US :39 Uhr Seite 26 Aus drucktechnischen Gründen müssen diese Vakatseiten sein, da wir bei Rückendraht-Heftung nur Seitenzahlen drucken können, die sich durch die Zahl 4 teilen lassen. 26

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28 Pekasol2000 US :42 Uhr Seite 28 Manufactured and distributed exclusively by LOEFFLER CHEMICAL CORPORATION 5700 BUCKNELL DRIVE ATLANTA, GEORGIA Telephone: (404) Facsimile: (404) Watts: Registered Trademark of Loeffler Chemical Corporation The information contained herein is based upon data considered true and accurate. However, brine tec international makes no warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy of the information contained herein or the results to be obtained from the user thereof. This information is offered solely for the user s consideration, investigation and verification. Since the use and condition of use of this information and the material described herein are not within the control of brine tec international, brine tec international assumes no responsibility for injury to the user or third persons. The material described herein is sold only pursuant to brine tec international s Terms and Conditions of Sale, including those limiting warranties and remedies contained therein. It is the responsibility of the user to determine whether any use of the data and information is in accordance with applicable federal, state or local laws and regulations. :