Sporlan Valve Company
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- Augusta Jackson
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1 F21O LMTED: M & W What s a TEV Settng? For years Sporlan and every other manufacturer oftevs has used regulated arflow and controlled temperature baths to establsh a "factory" settng. Typcally the term factory settng s referrng to an outlet pressure control pont the valve s set to mantan for a gven nlet pressure, bath temperature, and flow rate. The followng dagram llustrates a typcal regulated ar test fxture for TEVs. Arsupply Arfxture for remote temperature-sensng element valves. Fgure 1 The amount of arflow through the valve s a functon of the valve control pressure and the sze of the test orfce. Typcally the flow rates used to set the valve requre the valve control very close to t's seated or closed poston (approxmately.002 nch open). The factory settng can also be referred to as the statc superheat settng of the valve. Superheat s defned as the dfference between the temperature of the thermal bulb and the refrgerant saturaton temperature correspondng to the pressure at the valve outlet and/or equalzer connecton. Statc superheat s smply the superheat at the factory settng. Therefore, the statc superheat n our example dagram n Fgure 2 s 10 F. DSTRBUTON: S
2 F / Page Refrgerant: R Bulb 32 F l: (.) C ::.. Q).:.: e CJ) -R22 45 ps = 22 F Statc Superheat = 10 F less sprng force o Superheat 20 (OF) ~ Statc Superheat ~ Valve Adjustment Range Valve Outlet Pressure 38.8 (psg) Fgure 2 Ths s the standard factory statc superheat settng for most thermostatc charges sold as adjustable TEVs. However, many manufacturers purchase TEVs (adjustable & nonadjustable) wth preset factory settngs for ther equpment. Factory preset & nonadjustable valves can speed up an OEM's manufacturng process by elmnatng the need to adjust the TEV (once appled to the system or after the equpment s operatonal n the feld), or can be used to prevent feld tamperng of establshed system operatng parameters.
3 F Page 3 How accurate are TEV factory settngs? Tolerances and varance n refrgeraton system parameters such as charge, compressor flow rate, ppng, ar flow rates, and dstrbuton patterns can all mpact a TEV's ablty to control a partcular superheat settng for a gven load. Adjustable valves are used to "tune" the mpact of these varables to acheve a desred system operaton. The use of factory preset and nonadjustable TEVs for OEM equpment requres a complete understandng of the varables and tolerances assocated wth the TEV settng process to select the proper valve for the applcaton. Any Sporlan TEV can be purchased "preset" to specfc customer settngs at the factory. Sporlan offers dfferent product confguratons for some models, whch provde dfferent factory settng tolerances: Adustment Tvpe Feld Adjustable Factory Adjustable Only* nternally Adjustable** Non-adjustable Factorv Tolerance ::0.5 ps ::0.5 ps ::1.0 ps ::2.0 ps Verfcaton Tolerance ::1.8 ps ::1.8 ps ::2.3 ps ::3.3 ps *Avalable on B, BB, and F TEV Models **Angle outlet versons of several model types The "Factory Tolerance" s the wndow used by the operator when adjustng the valve to obtan the factory settng. As long as the settng falls wthn ths wndow on the producton test fxture the valve s consdered to be acceptable. Note: Non-adjustable valves are adjusted n the factory by changng the thckness of the valve's lower sprng gude to change the compresson of the superheat sprng. The "Verfcaton Tolerance" accounts for the factory tolerance and the varance n the process parameters of the producton test fxture equpment. The regulated ar test fxture outlned n Fg. uses pressure transducers, temperature sensors, controlled temperature baths, etc. wth the followng accuraces to obtan the lsted "Verfcaton Tolerances": Sensor/Eaupment/Controls nlet Pressure Transducer nlet Pressure Outlet Pressure Transducer Bath Temperature Sensor Regulated Bath Temperature Outlet Control Volume Orfce Sze Ran!!e/Spec 0-150/250 ps 110/125/200 ps ps F 3ZOF 3 cu. n. vares Tolerance ::.3 ps ::.5 ps ::.3 ps ::.ZOF ::.5 F ::.2 cu. n. *:1:3 ps statc *Specal test used to calbrate/test orfces.
4 F21O / Page 4 Other test methods wth respect to valve frcton, and test parameters such as sensng bulb only vs. entre valve mmersed n the bath & soak tme, are also requred to assure the valves are tested properly for verfcaton. Many of these methods and parameters are specfc to the thennostatc charge contaned n the valve element (power head), and are documented n specfcatons and work nstructons used by Sporlan manufacturng persolll1elto produce the product. For a better understandng of the dfference between "Factory Tolerance" and "Verfcaton Tolerance" consder the followng scenaro:. Jm a producton employee at Sporlan s settng valves for a specfc order. The order specfes a BBVE ( R22 nonadjustable TEV) wth a specal factory settng of 52.5 ps or a 4 F statc superheat settng. Gven the parameters outlned above Jm could set the valve on the producton test fxture anywhere between ps wth the regulated bath temperature between of. Let's assume Jm sets a valve at 54.2 ps wth the bath temperature of31.6 of. Jm has set everythng wthn specfcaton and wthn the allowable factory tolerance. However, f we were to verfy ths factory settng at 32.4 F we would expect the R22 charge to ncrease the settng approxmately 1.1 ps for a 0.8 F bath temperature dfference, provdng a verfcaton settng of 55.3 ps (0.8 ps hgher than the "Factory Tolerance"). Ths example consders only the bath temperature mpact on the verfcaton settng. All the tolerances and control parameters lsted prevously have an nfluence on the repeatablty of the TEV settng process. Ths s not the measurement of our process capablty to provde these settngs. Even though Jm's settng wndow s ; ps he knows the specfed settng s 52.5 ps, and makes hs sprng gude changes to try to meet ths crtera and not just to "get t n the wndow". For nstance, Jm knows the mpact each sprng gude has on settng. f the valve as orgnally assembled s at 49 ps, Jm would select a sprng gude that should ncrease the settng as close to 3.5 ps as possble, and not the1.5 ps necessary to get n the "wndow". After reassemblng the valve, as long as t tests n the "wndow" t s consdered good. The nonnal dstrbuton that results from ths method s represented n Fgure 3 for the measurements Jm s readng at that partcular tme whle settng these valves.
5 F21O / Page 5 VerfcatonTolerances Operators Wndow r ~ OperatorsDstrbuton Fgure 3 However, f we were to take these products offthe fxture and retest, smply based on the control and equpment tolerances of the fxture we would expect that the nonnal dstrbuton shown Fgure 3 would be "wder" than the operators settng wndow, but wthn the lmts of the verfcaton tolerances lsted as shown below n Fgure :A /: OperatorsDstrbuton ~ RetestDstrbuton Fgure 4 Understandng these fner ponts of TEV settngs wll help nsure you select the best product for the applcaton under consderaton. TEV settng s certanly not the only consderaton. The characterstc of the Selectve Charge, the proper valve szng, and the proper nstallaton are all contrbutng factors to successfully applyng a TEV. Your Sporlan Sales Engneer has been traned to help n the selecton and applcaton of these products, and s ready to assst wth any questons about applyng Sporlan products. -
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