Materials are Everywhere
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1 Materials are Everywhere Course lecturers (T + TP): Luís M. N. B. F. Santos
2 Material Classification Composite Materials (Composition: 2 or + Materials) Components: - Bonding Material (MATRIX) - Filler or reinforcement material Characteristics - Compatibility (properties); - Materials same identity - Materials could be identified in the interfaces
3 Materials composites discontinuous fibers Fibras de carbono /plásticos; fibras de vidro/resinas/; Betão (compósito cerâmico) Natural composites Wood Compósito tipo Fibroso Formado por fibras dispersas no seio de uma MATRIZ Compósito de Partículas Formado por partículas dispersas no seio de uma MATRIZ Compósito de Estruturados (Sanduíche de materiais)
4 Materials Composite Materials (Composition: 2 or + Materials) Carbon fibers /polymers; fiberglass / resin /; Concrete (ceramic composite) Fibrous type composite Particle type Composite STRUCTURED composite
5 Materials Struture Particulated (ex.: concrete) discontinuous fibers (ex.: Glass fibre / polyester) continuous fibers (ex.: carbon fibers/epoxy resin)
6 Composite Materials Composition Matrix Interface Support matriz support Metalic Ceramics Polymer Termo-endurecíveis Termoplásticos interface
7 Classification Particulate composites - Matrix reinforced with a disperse phase in the form of particles. - The properties vary with the amount and size of particles. - Isotropic Features Concrete Carbeto tungsten ( + Cobalt)
8 Materials Metal-Matrix-Composites (MMC) Ceramic Interface Metal
9 Classification Fiber composites The fibers are dispersed improving the strength and stiffness of the matrix material, preventing the growth of failures in directions normal to the fiber Isotropic / anisotropic Fiber orientation Carbon fibers + Ag-Cu continuous discontinuous random orthogonal Glass fiber + Epoxy resin
10 Composite Materials Carbon fiber Matrix : Ceramic, Metals, polymers Interface
11 Interface Surface or a bonding zone in which the discontinuity occurs whether physical, mechanical or chemical. Interface Strain Transfer van der Waals forces or covalent bonds.
12 Interface Surface or a bonding zone in which the discontinuity occurs whether physical, mechanical or chemical. Interface Strain Transfer van der Waals forces or covalent bonds.
13 Interface
14 Interface Structured composites Laminar Sandwich - Two external sheets which are of lightweight structure with internal layer, for example, beehive. - Matrix reinforced with a dispersed phase in the form of sheets with different orientations
15 Composite Materials properties can change continuously
16 Properties Mechanical Electrical Optical Thermal e.g. Titanium / Boron fibers
17 Stress Composite Materials Schematic stress strain curve Strain
18 Composite Materials CARGA TRANSVERSAL TRANSVERSE LOADING CARGALONGITUDINAL LONGITUDINAL LOADING
19 Composite Materials Thermal conductivity Coeficiente de Expansão Térmica Laminate of graphite / matrix
20 Composite Materials Hardness / Flexibility versus COST SOURCE:
21 Hardness / Flexibility versus COST CERAMICs... Hardness / Flexibility versus COST CERAMICs...
22 Hardness / Flexibility versus COST POLYMERS... Hardness / Flexibility versus COST POLYMERS...
23 Resistance versus DENSITY Resistance versus DENSITY
24 Resistance versus TEMPERATURE Resistance versus TEMPERATURE
25 Resistance versus TEMPERATURE..Ceramics Resistance versus TEMPERATURE..Ceramics
26 Resistance versus TEMPERATURE..Ceramics
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