STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF FLY ASH BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE WITH 14 MOLAR NAOH ACTIVATOR
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1 International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 8, Issue 1, January 2017, pp , Article ID: IJCIET_08_01_049 Available online at ISSN Print: and ISSN Online: IAEME Publication STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF FLY ASH BASED GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE WITH 14 MOLAR NAOH ACTIVATOR Hymavathi G PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, K L University, Vaddeswaram , A. P, India Ranga Rao V Professor, Civil Engineering Department, K L University, Vaddeswaram , A. P, India ABSTRACT Objectives: The intention of the paper is to find their strength characteristics of fly ash based Geo Polymer Concrete (GPC) with varied ratios of alkaline solutions at the age of 3, 7&28 days. Methods: To assess the essence of various parameters i.e. NaOH concentration, Ratio of alkaline solution to fly ash and Ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH, curing time the experimental work was carried. In this paper Na2SiO3 to NaOH ratios of 1:2, 1:2.5, 1:3 and Sodium hydroxide solution with 14M concentration and liquid to fly ash ratio is Room temperature was used. Findings: For geopolymer binders, the tests have been conducted to evaluate split tensile strength, flexural strength and compressive strength with respect to cylinders, beams and cubes. The outcomes indicated the increment in the strengths with the increase of activator ratio at the age of 3,7&28 days and higher ratio gives higher strength. Improvements: This investigation can be enhanced for various molarities under various temperatures and various activator ratios. Key words: Fly Ash, Geopolymer Concrete, Sodium Silicate, Morality, Sodium Hydroxide, Strength. Cite this Article: Hymavathi G and Ranga Rao V, Strength Characteristics of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete with 14 Molar Naoh Activator. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 2017, pp INTRODUCTION In the manufacturing of concrete OPC becomes an important material and its binds all the aggregate together which act as its binder 1. Nevertheless, the usage of cement creates contamination to the world and it reduces the raw material (limestone) 2. Decayed limestone and large quantities of burned fuel are required for the production of OPC, it results from carbon dioxide emissions 3 So for reducing the carbon gasses geopolymer concrete had been introduced editor@iaeme.com
2 Hymavathi G and Ranga Rao V Hence, fiery debris based GPC was a brilliant contrasting option to get over the rich of fly powder. In fiery debris based GPC, the silica and the aluminas are the origin materials and they initially invited by basic activators to shape a gel known as Aluminosilicate 7. Soluble gel ties the free totals and the other unreacted materials in the blend to frame the geopolymer solid 8. This paper compresses the conduct of geopolymer solid which improves it contrasted with ordinary cement. 2. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The intention of the paper was to find the strength characteristics of fly ash based GPC with varied ratios of alkaline solutions at the age of 3, 7&28 days. 3. METHODOLOGY 3.1. MATERIALS USED Fly Ash It is an end product obtaining through the coal burning electric yielding plants. It can also be used in OPC to raise the concrete function. And in this study class-f fly ash is used AGGREGATES Gravels are used as a coarse aggregate of sizes 10mm taken from a local supplier and river sand used as a fine aggregate from Vijayawada surroundings are used in the present study Alkaline Solution In this study, the alkaline liquid was used which consists of Na2SiO3 and NaOH (flakes form). The purity of Na2SiO3 &the NaOH is 97%-98% bought in from the local supplier. The NaOH flakes were melted in water to make the solution. 4. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 4.1. Preparation of Alkaline Solutions This study carried by using the 14M i.e mix of molarity of Sodium hydroxide to examined the strength of geopolymer concrete. The molecular weight of NaOH is 40. For NaOH solution, 560g of NaOH flakes are taken, weighed and flakes can be melted in a 1-liter solution of water. The alkaline solution mixed together one day for the preparation of alkaline liquid. While casting the specimens, to prepare liquid component of mixture extra water is added based on requirement Mix Proportion For the mix design of GPC, there are no code provisions, 2400 Kg/m 3 is assumed as the density of GPC, and remaining are based on done by following the concrete density and the fine and coarse aggregates volume occupation adopted as 70% is the water content to fly ash ratio. To prepare the GPC the conventional method of normal concrete is adopted Mixing and casting of Geopolymer concrete Initially in container materials were mixed after that alkaline solution is added. This mix is placed in moulds those are cubes, cylinders beams. The preparation of GPC mix is shown in Figure editor@iaeme.com
3 Strength Characteristics of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete with 14 Molar Naoh Activator Figure 1 Mixing of Geopolymer Concrete 4.4. Curing The cubes were Demoulded after one day of casting and the casted cubes are laid in the ambient temperature for three, seven and 28 days, shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 Casting and Curing of specimens 5. TESTING The strengths were calculated for three, seven&28 days and the equipment measured those strengths are Shown in Figure editor@iaeme.com
4 Hymavathi G and Ranga Rao V Figure 3 Testing of specimens 6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The various strength parameters of GPC mixes are shown in Table 1. S.NO NO.OF DAYS Table 1 Various Strength Parameters of Geopolymer Concrete Compressive strength (N/mm2) Split tensile strength (N/mm2) Flexural Strength (N/mm2) CUBES CYLINDERS BEAMS 1:2 1:2.5 1:3 1:2 1:2.5 1:3 1:2 1:2.5 1:3 1 3 days days days Compressive Strength The sizes of specimens for cubes are 150 x 150 x 150(mm) are cast for each mix. One day after the specimens was laid and Cured for 3, 7&28days. And the Figure 4. Shows the compressive strength of various activator ratios for 3,7&28 days. For 3days15% of Compressive strength is raised for ratio 1:2.5 compared to 1:2, and 22% of compressive strength is increased for activator ratio 1:3 compared to 1:25.And for 28days15% of Compressive strength is raised for activator ratio 1:2 compared to 1:25. Average compressive strength value is for 28days and is higher than the 3&7 days. So we can conclude that higher activator ratio gives higher compressive strength and longer curing time results in higher compressive strength editor@iaeme.com
5 Strength Characteristics of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete with 14 Molar Naoh Activator Figure 4 Compressive strength of various activator ratios 6.2. Flexural Strength The beam (specimens) of size 100mm 100mm 500mm were used and are cast for each mix, results are shown in Figure 5. For 3days 38% of flexural Strength is increased for activator ratio 1:3 compared to 1:25 and 6.17% for twenty-eight days. For three days Average flexure strength value is 0.66kn/mm 2 and 1.19kn/mm 2 for 28 days. So we can conclude that the flexural strength increases for longer curing period. Figure 5.Flexuralstrength of various activator ratios 6.3. Split Tensile Strength Used Sizes of Cylinders are 150 x 150 x 300 (mm) are cast for each mix. After 24 hours the specimens were de-molded and cured for 3, 7 and 28days. The average of three identical cylinders is indicated the split tensile strength, results are shown in Figure 6. At the age of 3days, 20% of split tensile strength is increased for activator ratio 1:2.5 compared to 1:2, and 13% of split tensile strength is increased for activator ratio 1:3 compared to 1:25. And at the age of 7days15% of split tensile strength is increased compared to 3days. Average split tensile strength value is for 28days and is higher than the 3&7 days. So we can conclude that higher activator ratio gives higher split tensile strength and longer curing time results in higher split tensile strength editor@iaeme.com
6 Hymavathi G and Ranga Rao V Figure 6.Split Tensile strength of various activator ratios 7. CONCLUSION Experimental results are concluded that, 1. Obtained results indicated that 22% of compressive strength was increased for the activator ratio 1:3 as compared to that of 1:2 and 1: Average compressive strength value was N/mm 2 for 28days and is higher than that of 3&7 days. 3. Average split tensile strength value is N/mm 2 for 28days and is higher than that of 3&7 days. 4. At the age of 3days, average flexure strength value was 0.66 N/mm 2 and 1.19 N/mm 2 for 28 days. 5. Results were obtained indicated that with the activator ratio 1:3, the strengths were maximum than that of 1:2&1:2.5. REFERENCES [1] Reddy B S K, Varaprasad J, Reddy K N K. Strength and workability of low lime fly ash based Geo Polymer Concrete. Indian Journal of Science and Technology Dec; 3(12): [2] Krishnaraja A R, Sathish Kumar N P. Mechanical behaviour of geopolymer concrete under ambient curing. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Feb; 3 (2), [3] Ammar Motorwala1, Vineet Shah. Alkali activated fly-ash based geopolymer Concrete. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering January; 3(2), [4] Abdul Aleem M I, Arumairaj M D. Geopolymer Concrete- A Review. International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Emerging Technologies. Feb 2012; 2 (1), [5] Hardjito D, Rangan B V. Development and properties of low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Research Report GC, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia, 2005, [6] Vijaya Rangan B. Mix design and production of fly ash based geopolymer concrete. The Indian Concrete Journal May; [7] Aditya Varma K.V, Manideep T and SS. Asadi. A Critical Comparison of Quantity Estimation for Gated Community Construction Project Using Traditional Method Vs Plan Swift Software: A Case Study. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp editor@iaeme.com
7 Strength Characteristics of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete with 14 Molar Naoh Activator [8] P. Abhiram and SS. Asadi, Implementation of Lean Methodology in Indian Construction. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp [9] Varun Teja T and SS Asadi, An Integrated Approach for Evaluation of Environmental Impact Assessment-A Model Study. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp [10] G.S. Sarma, SS. Asadi and S. Lakshmi Narayana, Creation of Web Based Decision Support Information System for Evaluation of Topographic Characteristics Using Remote Sensing & GIS and Visual Basic Programe. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp [11] Fernandez J, Palomo A. Activation of fly ashes: A general view, Fly ash, Silica Fume, Slag, and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete, Proceedings Eighth International Conference, V.M. Malhotra editors, Las Vegas, USA, [12] Hardjito D, Wallah S E, Rangan B V. Study on engineering properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete. Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society. 2002; 1(38), editor@iaeme.com
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