Presented by. Steve Koester, El Segundo Fire Department.

Transcription

1 Presented by Steve Koester, El Segundo Fire Department

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4 A liquid with a flash point less than 140 degrees F and not a aqueous solution of <24% alcohol. A solid capable of causing fire through friction, absorption of moisture or spontaneous chem. changes and burns vigorously to create a hazard. Ignitable gas as defined by 49 CFR Oxidizer as defined in 49 CFR

5 An aqueous liquid with a ph </= 2 or >/= 12.5 A liquid that corrodes steel (SAE 1020) at a rate greater than 6.35 mm per year

6 Normally unstable & violent change w/o detonation Reacts violently with water Forms explosive mixtures w/water Mixed w/water, forms toxic gases Cyanide or sulfide bearing waste that can generate toxic gases when mixed with noncorrosive liquids Capable of detonating under a strong initiating source or heat w/confinement Explosive under normal conditions Forbidden Explosive, Class A or Class B Explosive per DOT definition

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8 Initially based on Chronic Toxicity from the Safe Drinking Water Standards set in the 1970 s Eight metals Four pesticides Two herbicides Twenty six organic compounds (added in 1990) Listed as D004 to D043 Waste ID Codes

9 Goal is to keep toxins out of landfills Protect ground water Does not have criteria for gases

10 Liquids can be tested using any method as long as it has documented quality control By definition, liquids contain less than 0.5% solids Solids must go through a procedure that mimics landfill conditions called a Toxic Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) prior to testing.

11 Promulgated in 1990 replacing the old EP (Extraction Procedure) Toxicity test Solid/liquid samples are separated, the solids are processed and then re-combined with the liquid portion for analysis. Uses acetic acid for a leaching agent 20 parts acid to 1 part sample Put into a tumbler for 18 hours Then filtered and the leachate is analyzed (solids are discarded)

12 The test results are compared to the numbers listed in Table I of CCR, Title as the Regulatory Level Mg/l. Equal to or greater than, makes the waste material a RCRA Hazardous Waste for toxicity

13 Arsenic Barium Cadmium Chromium Mercury Lead Selenium Silver

14 20 Metals/Inorganics (Table II) 18 Persistent/Bioaccumulative Toxic Substances (Table III) Oral LD50 less than 2,500mg/kg Dermal LD50 less than 4,300 mg/kg Inhalation LC50 less than 10,000 ppm 96 hour Aquatic Bioassay 0.001% weight listed constituents (16 OSHA carcinogens) Been shown to cause hazards to health/environment

15 Table II of (a) for metals and inorganics Table III of (a) for bioaccumulative or persistent organics Both tables have a liquid threshold and a solid threshold for being a hazardous waste (Feds only have liquid threshold)

16 TTLC = Total Threshold Limit Concentration No sample dilution and doesn t consider landfill conditions STLC = Soluble Threshold Limit Concentration (WET Test) Same concept as the TCLP, but uses a different acid and digests for a greater time.

17 Uses procedure from 22CCR Div.4.5, CH.11, Appendix II Used for 17 metals, 2 inorganics, asbestos, 10 pesticides and 8 other organics Solids milled to 0.45 microns Diluted 10:1 with sodium citrate solution Leaching period is 48 hours Leachate is analyzed

18 Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Lead Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Silver Thallium Vanadium Zinc

19 In the case of asbestos and elemental metals, the specified concentration limits apply only if the substances are in a friable, powdered or finely divided state Asbestos includes chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremolite, anthophyllite, and actinolite Excludes molybdenum disulfide

20 Only applies to wastes that are in a friable, powdered or finely divided state There is no STLC for asbestos Tested using a microscope and based on percentage of waste Includes all six types of asbestos

21 California differentiates chrome VI and chrome III California has a STLC limit for chrome III of 560mg/l (only if the waste passes the TCLP process)

22 Excludes Barite (mineral) Excludes barium sulfate from the TTLC Colum

23 Has a STLC of 180 mg/l and TTLC of 18,000 mg/kg Hydrofluoric acid is used in industry as a cleaner or surface prep Standard waste water treatment methods do not remove the fluoride salts, making the effluent a hazardous waste in some cases. CAM 17 test does not look for fluoride

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25 Both the Federal Government and the State Government allow for recycled scrap metal to be excluded from hazardous waste requirements. The definition for the exemption is not the same The State s exclusions are more stringent than the Feds.

26 Lead acid batteries Magnesium borings. capable of independent combustion Beryllium borings. capable of producing adverse health effects Any metal contaminated with hazardous waste Any metal with free flowing oil that is a hazardous waste and Sludges, fine powders (<100 microns), semiliquids and liquid solutions that are hazardous wastes

27 Nickel = 58% Cobalt = 13.5% Chrome = 19% Molybdenum = 4.3% Copper = 0.1% Used in salty environments High heat applications such as foundries

28 Sandblasting/shot blasting Honing EDM metal cutting Grinding Polishing Deburring Dust collection systems (sludge) Water treatment systems (sludge)

29 Always run the TTLC first (test name is a CAM-17) The test is inexpensive and gives valuable information for both RCRA and CA See if results are > TTLC levels, if yes it is at least a CA Haz Waste

30 For the 8 metals regulated by EPA, see if results are 20 times greater than the values in Table I, CCR (even if the units don t match up) If yes, you must run a TCLP. If no,

31 If results are less than the TTLC numbers, see if they are greater than 10 times the STLC numbers in Table II If yes, you must run a STLC

32 If the results of the STLC are below the numbers listed in Table II, then the waste is not a hazardous waste for toxicity per CCR (a)(1) and (2). However, in CA there are still 6 criteria more to go!!!!!!

33 Federal TCLP Solid waste with 100 mg/kg of lead 50 % leaches 20 to 1 dilution 50 mg/l divided by 20 Results = 2.5mg/L Not a Hazardous Waste State STLC Solid waste with 100 mg/kg of lead 50 % leaches 10 to 1 dilution 50 mg/l divided by 10 Results = 5mg/L A Non RCRA Hazardous Waste

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35 LD50 = Less than 2500 mg/kg

36 Nicotine = 50 mg/kg Caffeine = 192 mg/kg Table Salt = 3,000 mg/kg Grain Alcohol = 7,060 mg/kg Vitamin C = 11,900 mg/kg

37 Acetic acid Aluminum chloride (used in deodorants) Ammonium bromide (textile finishes) Ammonium sulfate (food additive & fertilizer) Anisole (perfumes and food flavoring) Boric acid Calcium fluoride (drinking water) Calcium formate (brewing) Calcium propionate (food additive)

38 Cesium chloride (brewing) Magnesium chloride (flocculant) Potassium chloride Sodium bicarbonate Sodium borate decahydrate (borax) Sodium carbonate (soda ash) Sodium chloride Sodium iodide Sodium tetraborate (borax)

39 Sax s Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) Hawley s Condensed Chemical Dictionary NIOSH Pocket Guide Richard Lewis s Hazardous Chemicals Desk Reference (I use Google for fast results)

40 LD50 = Acute toxicity of less than 4300mg/kg

41 LC50 = less than 10,000 ppm of gas or vapors

42 LC50 = Less than 500 mg/l within 96 hours

43 20 fish tested, 10 per tank Checked every 24 hours Test tanks are 10 liters Fish are not fed during the test Equal number of fish for the control Three types of fish can be used for the test

44 Consists of 16 chemicals, most you have never heard of (OSHA carcinogens). Two examples are: Vinyl Chloride Acrylonitrile

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46 Been shown through experience or testing to pose a hazard due to carcinogenicity, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity or bioaccumulative properties or persistence in the environment.

47 CHSC (b) states that the Department must determine by regulation that the waste s Classification is likely to have broad application beyond the producer. Basically eliminates the requirement of (a)(8) for the generator in making a waste determination

48 FED TOXICITY List of 40 elements and chemicals Uses TCLP for solids No actual characteristic criteria CA TOXICITY 7 Characteristic Criteria for Toxicity (deleted 8) Use Appendix X in 22 CCR as a guide for potential toxicity.

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50 P listed wastes (205 materials) 1 Kg threshold in any given month for LQG status Lowers threshold for Biennial Report Containers must be triple rinsed to be considered empty Must be from an un-used, single ingredient material Watch lab clean-outs and pharmaceuticals

51 Criteria found in Oral LD50 of less than or equal 50 mg/kg Dermal LD50 less than or equal 43 mg/kg Inhalation LC50 less than or equal to 100 ppm of gas or vapor Substance listed in (a)(7) in concentration of 0.1 or greater Water reactive Not limited to unused products

52 LQG status if generate one Kg or more in any given month SB 14, Pollution Prevention Plan required if generate 12 kilograms or more per year No triple rinsing requirement, does not affect empty containers (triple rinsing)

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