Ferritic/martensitic cast steel. Stainless steel Austenitic

Transcription

1 Machining Data for Threading ISO Material Condition Tensile Strength [N/mm ] Hardness HB Material < 0. %C Annealed No. Non-alloy steel and cast steel, free cutting steel >= 0. %C Annealed < 0. %C Quenched and tempered 0 0 >= 0. %C Annealed 70 0 P Low alloy steel and cast steel (less than % of alloying elements) High alloyed steel, cast steel, and tool steel Quenched and tempered Annealed Quenched and tempered Annealed Quenched and tempered M K Stainless steel and Ferritic/martensitic cast steel Martensitic Stainless steel Austenitic Ferritic/pearlitic 10 1 Cast iron nodular (GGG) Pearlitic 0 1 Ferritic Grey cast iron (GG) Pearlitic 0 1 N Malleable cast iron Aluminumwrought alloy Aluminum-cast, alloyed Copper alloys Non-metallic Ferritic Pearlitic 0 0 Not cureable 0 1 Cured 100 <=1% Si Not cureable 7 Cured 90 >1% Si High temperature 10 >1% Pb Free cutting 110 Brass 90 7 Electrolitic copper 100 Duroplastics, fiber plastics 9 Hard rubber 0 Fe based Annealed 00 1 Cured 0 S High temp. alloys Titanium Ti alloys Ni or Co based Annealed 0 Cured 0 Cast 0 RM 00 Alpha+beta alloys cured RM H Hardened Hardened HRC steel Hardened 0 HRC 9 Chilled cast iron Cast 00 0 Cast iron Hardened HRC 1

2 Coated IC IC90 IC0 IC1007 Cutting Speed (m/min)

3 User Guide and Cutting Data Types and Profiles of Threading Inserts Partial Profile Performs different thread standards and is suitable for a wide range of pitches that have a common angle (0º or º) Inserts with a small root-corner radius suitable for the smallest pitch of the range Additional operations to complete the outer/internal diameter is necessary Not recommended for mass production Eliminates the need for different inserts Full Profile Performs complete thread profile Root corner radius is only suitable for the relevant pitch Recommended for mass production Suitable for one profile only Thread Turning Methods External Thread Internal Thread LH RH LH RH Right-Hand Thread Change anvil to negative (1) Right-Hand Thread LH LH RH Left-Hand Thread RH Change anvil to negative (1) Change anvil to negative (1) Left-Hand Thread (1) See pages 9-0

4 Thread Helix Angle and Anvil Selection Helix Angle l Evaluation Pitch mm Pitch TPI mm ϒ ϒ b ϒ 1ϒ Diameter Diameter-D (mm) (1) b - Effective inclination angle b (1) =.ϒ b (1) =.ϒ b (1) =.ϒ b (1) =1.ϒ b (1) =0.ϒ Pitch-TPI P tg l =.1 D 0 lº P D P - D - l - λ P D Pitch in mm Effective diameter of thread in mm Angle of inclination Anvil Selection According to Thread Helix Angle l Standard Thread Helix Angle l >º º-º º-º 1º-º 0º-1º Negative Anvils Inclination Angle b.º.º.º 1.º 0.º -0.º -1.º l (d) Toolholder Anvil Designation 1 EX RH OR IN LH AE1+. AE1+. AE1+. AE1 AE1+0. AE1-0. AE1-1. (/) EX LH OR IN RH AI1+. AI1+. AI1+. AI1 AI1+0. AI1-0. AI1-1. EX RH OR IN LH AE+. AE+. AE+. AE AE+0. AE-0. AE-1. (1/) EX LH OR IN RH AI+. AI+. AI+. AI AI+0. AI-0. AI-1. 7 EX RH OR IN LH AE7+. AE7+. AE7+. AE7 AE7+0. AE7-0. AE7-1. (/) EX LH OR IN RH AI7+. AI7+. AI7+. AI7 AI7+0. AI7-0. AI7-1. U EX RH OR IN LH AEU+. AEU+. AEU+. AEU AEU+0. AEU-0. AEU-1. (1/U) EX LH OR IN RH AIU+. AIU+. AIU+. AIU AIU+0. AIU-0. AIU-1. 7U EX RH OR IN LH AE7U+. AE7U+. AE7U+. AE7U AE7U+0. AE7U-0. AE7U-1. (/U) EX LH OR IN RH AI7U+. AI7U+. AI7U+. AI7U AI7U+0. AI7U-0. AI7U-1. +λ +β λ β 1. const. H1 (1) Anvils for positive inclination angle applicable when turning thread with holders or thread with toolholders. (1) H1 remains constant for every anvil combination. 1. const. H1 (1) Anvils for negative inclination used when turning RH thread with LH holder or LH thread with RH toolholder. 9

5 Thread Helix Angle and Anvil Selection Pitch TPI mm Special Holder Required AE or Al+.º AE or Al+.º AE or Al+.º ACME STUB ACME trapez (din 10) round (din 0) Standard Anvil (supplied with toolholder) AE or Al+0.º mm Diameter Use AE Anvils for EX-RH and IN-LH Toolholders. Use Al Anvils for IN-RH and EX-LH Toolholders. α λ Toolholder 1. Pitch TPI mm Special Holder Required AE or Al+.º AE or Al+.º AE or Al+.º Partial Profiles 0º Partial Profiles º ISO, UN, WHIT., NPT, BSPT Use AE Anvils for EX-RH and IN-LH Toolholders. Use Al Anvils for IN-RH and EX-LH Toolholders Standard Anvil (supplied with toolholder) mm Diameter Pitch TPI mm Special Holder Required AE or Al+.º American Buttress Sagengewinde (DIN-1) Use AE Anvils for EX-RH and IN-LH Toolholders. Use Al Anvils for IN-RH and EX-LH Toolholders Standard Anvil (supplied with toolholder) Change to Negative Anvil AE or Al-1.º α =.7 γ=1. Toolholder Replacing the standard anvil with a negative angle anvil will eliminate side rubbing mm Diameter 0

6 Mini-Tool Features (1) () ød M; /1 -UN; 1/1 -NPT H H/1B B () A 0.00 A (1) Smallest possible thread () All tolerances () Minimum runout () High surface quality Flank Clearance and Effective Inclination Angle Inclination angle b of the cutting edges corresponds to a specific thread helix angle l and ensures an equal clearance angle on both sides of the insert. λ a l =a r λ Incorrect a l <a r β β=0 α L α R αl α R a - Flank clearance angle l - Helix angle b - Effective inclination angle is achieved by selecting the suitable anvil Infeed Methods for Threading Operations Flank Infeed Radial Infeed Alternating Flanks Infeed 1 Flank Equal Equal depth of cut for each pass Flank Diminishing Diminished depth of cut for each pass H/ D1/ D/ D/ Dn/ D/ U/ D1/ D/ D/ Dn/ Dn+1/ D/ U/ H - Depth of thread profile (on ø) D - Depth of pass (on ø) U - Depth of finishing pass (on ø) D1 = D = D = D n D1 > D > D > D n > D n+1 1

7 Number of Cutting Passes for Regular Type Inserts TPI Pitch mm Number of Passes For mini-tools (0IR or 0IR) add 1- passes. Increase for hard materials. Maximum Depth of First Cut for CNC Control External Threading - M-Type Inserts Full Insert Profile Pitch TPI Designation Max. Depth for First Pass (D1) mm No. of Low Carbon High Carbon Nonferrous Passes Alloy Stainless Aluminium Min. Max. Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () ER/L 1.00 ISO ER/L 1. ISO ER/L 1.0 ISO ISO ER/L 1.7 ISO Metric.00 1 ER/L.00 ISO ER/L.0 ISO ER/L.00 ISO ER/L UN ER/L 0 UN ER/L 1 UN American 1 1 ER/L 1 UN UN 1 1 ER/L 1 UN ER/L 1 UN ER/L UN ER/L 19 W British 1 1 ER/L 1 W BSW 1 1 ER/L 1 W ER/L 11 W ER/L 1 NPT NPT 1 1 ER/L 1 NPT ER/L 11. NPT ER/L NPT Round 1 ER/L Rnd ER/L A0 (1) Partial ER/L G Profile 0º ER/L AG ER/L N Partial ER/L G Profile º ER/L AG (1) Per the number of passes for the relevant pitch () Equal depth of cut method () Diminished depth of cut for each pass method

8 Cutting Data Maximum Depth of First Cut for CNC Control Internal Threading - M-Type Inserts Full Profile Pitch TPI Insert Designation Max. Depth for First Pass (D1) mm No. of Passes Low Carbon High Carbon Alloy Stainless Nonferrous Aluminium Min. Max. Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () Eq. () Dim. () IRM 1.0 ISO IRM 1.00 ISO IRM 1. ISO ISO IRM 1.0 ISO Metric IRM 1.7 ISO IRM.00 ISO IRM.0 ISO v IRM.00 ISO IRM 0UN IRM 1UN American 1 IRM 1 UN UN 1 1 IRM 1 UN IRM 1 UN IRM UN IRM 19 W British 1 1 IRM 1 W BSW 1 1 IRM 1 W IRM 11 W IRM 1 NPT NPT IRM 11. NPT IRM NPT Round 1 IRM RND IRM A IRM A0 (1) IRM A Partial IRM A Profile 0º IRM G IRM AG IRM N Partial IRM G Profile º IRM AG (1) Per the number of passes for the relevant pitch () Equal depth of cut method () Diminished depth of cut for each pass method

9 Recommended Number of Passes for Multi-Tooth Insert ISO - (Metric) External 1 ER 1.0 ISO M ER 1. ISO M ER 1. ISO M ER.0 ISO M ER.0 ISO M ER.0 ISO M Internal 1 IR 1.0 ISO M IR 1. ISO M IR 1. ISO M IR.0 ISO M IR.0 ISO M IR.0 ISO M UN External 1 ER 1 UN M ER 1 UN M ER 1 UN M ER 1 UN M ER UN M Internal 1 IR 1 UN M IR 1 UN M IR 1 UN M IR 1 UN M IR UN M NPT External ER 11. NPT M ER 11. NPT M ER NPT M Internal IR 11. NPT M IR 11. NPT M IR NPT M WHITWORTH External 1 ER 1 W M ER 1 W M ER 11 W M Internal 1 IR 1 W M IR 1 W M IR 11 W M API-ROUND External ER 10 API RD M ER 10 API RD M ER API RD M Internal IR 10 API RD M IR 10 API RD M IR API RD M

10 Cutting Data Cutting Speed Vc m/min. Carbide Grade (N/mm Tensile Strength) >110 Stainless Cast Iron IC IC Pitch (p) mm TPI No. of Passes For internal threading of small diameters, the PVD coated grade IC is recommended. Material groups ISO P ISO M ISO K ISO N ISO S ISO H Stainless Stainless High Hard Austenitic & Cast Iron Non-ferrous Temperature Ferritic & Duplex Martensitic ( Alloys Ferritic - Austenitic ) Harder IC1007 IC1007 IC1007 IC1007 IC0 IC1007 IC1007 IC0 (IC90) IC0 (IC90) IC0 (IC90) IC0 (IC90) IC0 (IC90) IC0 (IC90) IC Tougher IC IC IC IC IC IC0 (IC90) & Cast Iron IC0 (IC90) First choice

11 Troubleshooting Problem Cause Solution Cutting speed too high Reduce RPM Modify flank infeed Infeed depth too small Increase depth of cut Highly abrasive material Use coated grade Inadequate coolant supply Apply coolant Wrong inclination anvil Reselect anvil Wrong turned dia. prior to threading Check turned dia. Premature Wear Insert is above center line Check center height Cutting speed too high Reduce RPM Depth of cut large Reduce depth of cut Use coated grade Wrong grade Use tougher grade Poor chip control Modify flank infeed Inadequate coolant supply Apply coolant Chipped Edge Center height incorrect Adjust center height Excessive heat in cutting zone Reduce RPM Reduce depth of cut Check turned dia. Wrong grade Use coated grade Use harder grade Plastic Deformation Inadequate coolant supply Apply coolant Cutting edge too cold Increase RPM Increase depth of cut Wrong grade Use coated grade Built-Up Edge Inadequate coolant supply Apply coolant Cutting edge too cold Increase RPM Reduce depth of cut Depth of cut too large Increase number of infeed passes Wrong grade Use tougher grade Wrong turned dia. prior to threading Check turned dia. Corner height incorrect Adjust center height Infeed depth too shallow Modify flank infeed Wrong inclination anvil Re-select anvil Broken Nose During 1st Pass Tool overhang too long Reduce tool overhang Poor Surface Finish Poor Chip Control Wrong cutting speed Excessive heat in cutting zone Poor chip control Inadequate coolant supply Wrong inclination anvil Tool overhang too long Center height incorrect Excessive heat in cutting zone Wrong grade Inadequate coolant supply Increase RPM Reduce RPM Reduce depth of cut Modify flank infeed Apply coolant Reselect anvil Reduce tool overhang Check center height Reduce RPM Change depth of cut Check turned dia. Use coated grade Check turned dia. Use M-type insert Apply coolant Wrong turned dia. prior to threading Check turned dia.