SHREDDER GUIDE METAL RECYCLING IN SHREDDER PROCESSES. english. We print on 100% recycled paper. TITECH s innovations are helping to produce it.

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1 SHREDDER GUIDE METAL RECYCLING IN SHREDDER PROCESSES english We print on 100% recycled paper. s innovations are helping to produce it.

2 TONS OF RAW MATERIALS Automotive shredder / Wisconsin / USA Why modern metal recycling is worth while We provide you with an overview on metal recycling in 02 The growing demand for high-value secondary materials renders high quality recycling more and more attractive. disused vehicles, non-ferrous, large electric appliances, and construction materials. The processing of the precious used does not only preserve natural sources of raw material, but it is also considerably cheaper. Compared to the aluminium production from primary raw material, using secondary MORE STRINGENT EU LEGISLATION RECYCLING REQUIREMENTS Since 2006, the EU wide ELV 1 Directive (2000/53/EC) vehicles. By 2015, this requirement will rise to high-value processing of the so-called shredder lightweight fraction in addition to the heavy fraction. shredder operation a guideline for installing new or EU RECYCLING RATIOS FOR DISUSED VEHICLES since January 1st, 2006 as of January 1st, 2015 Total recycling ratio 85 % 95 % Ratio of material recycling 80 % 85 % 03 1 ELV: End of Life Vehicles Source: ELV Directive (2000/53/EC) / German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety

3 QUALITY AT HIGH THROUGHPUT: FIVE KEY FACTORS 04 MATERIAL COMPOSITION OF DISUSED VEHICLES resources as possible in high quality, at the same time 4. Sensor-based sorting systems generate material fractions of high purity. MORE THAN JUST IRON keeping the process and disposal costs as low as possible. 5. Optimum combination and coordination of the 1.7 % 2.9 % 1. The composition of the input, the bulk weight and the machines in the system (multi-shift operation with Average composition weighing a ton, contains impurities must be analysed in detail, and the output batch options) 8.5 % 68.6 % 7.9 % 10.4 % non-ferrous like are the base for the entire planning stage especially NF 7.9 % copper, brass, aluminium, regarding the technology involved. like stainless steel, copper, copper cables or brass of up Plastics 8.5 % and zinc. 2. Classifying the material according to grain size and 5 Rubber 1.7 % dividing it into lightweight and heavy fraction. The optimum. Glass 2.9 % material size mainly determines further sorting steps 05 Others 10.4 % 68.6 % of waste is shredded mechanically in one or two steps. 3. chines must be able to process a high throughput. Source: University Brighton, Waste and Energy Research Group, 2004, modified

4 REQUIREMENTS FOR MODERN PROCESSING Shredder Dust separator or air classifier, resp. 1 Shredder lightweight fraction SHREDDER SYSTEM SIMPLIFIED FLOWCHART Screen mm mm mm 1 Wendt-Schredder / USA While around 20 years ago it was common to recover Sensor-based sorting systems by can: only iron from the shredder, today s demands require the separation of iron, non-ferrous and metal compounds like copper cables from the crushed material. The core components of conventional processing are: recover secondary raw material upgrade products separate impurities Eddy current separator metal dust Non ferrous Eddy current separator Non ferrous Eddy current separator Non ferrous 06 Car shredders with to hp, magnet, screen, air separator and eddy current separator. In order to achieve the required yield and purity for In shredder operation, the optimum grain size to detect and sort is between 10 mm and 100 mm 1. The range of sorters even spans from 2 mm to 150 mm. Best results are yielded if the grain sizes are split Residues Residues Residues Option 07 optimum added value, sensor-based sorting systems are often used downstream of the ferrous and non- into two to four grain size classes. Copper cable [poly] Copper cable [poly] Stainless steel [poly] Copper cable ferrous metal separators in shredder systems. Input material of a shredder system: Disused vehicles, scrap metal, white goods, etc. 1 typical for shredders in Europe

5 SENSOR-BASED SORTING SYSTEMS: OPTIMUM THROUGHPUT HIGHEST PURITY Copper / output / combisense Brass / output / combisense Every sorting task is different. Detection techniques Typical products of sensor-based metal sorting are: like metal sensors, colour line cameras, near infrared (NIR), X-ray transmission technology and visual spec- combined with each other. NF metal concentrates Copper Stainless steel Copper cables Brass Aluminium Sensor-based sorting systems increase the product Depending on the system design and the material 08 purity. If only conventional iron and non-ferrous metal separators are used, many resources are lost. value, machines run in so-called online or batch 09

6 SPECIAL APPLICATIONS Copper cables / output / Aluminium / output / FOR EVERY SORTING TASK THE OPTIMUM SOLUTION Copper cable recycling sorting Copper cables can be found both in the heavyweight fraction and in the lightweight fraction because they can divide an eddy current separator fraction into: SORTING TASK sorting machines in shredder systems Throughput per meter Working width 1 10 are metal compounds. To yield mono-fractions of copper concentrate and wire with a high purity is not possible with conventional sorting technologies. tive electromagnetic sensor (EM), but its additional high-resolution near infrared sensor (NIR) can also identify the insulating polymer layer of PVC, PP, PE, or rubber. Both signals together can identify a cable without fail. 1. a high-value aluminium fraction 2. a highly enriched heavy metal fraction, which in turn can be split into the fraction copper, brass, zinc, and stainless steel. TYPICAL MELT ANALYSIS OF AN ALUMINIUM PRODUCT, GENE- RATED BY X-TRACT Element Share Al Aluminium >90 % Si Silicon <5 % Fe Iron <1 % Cu Copper <1.6 % Zn Zinc <1 % Others <0.95 % Example of sorted grain sizes mm from mixed ELV input without surface conterminations and adhasions. Recovery of all and metal compounds Systematic separation of stainless steel Wire recovery Generation of metal mono-fractions like copper, brass, grey metal Sorting/separation of aluminium and heavy (copper, brass, zinc, etc.) Recovery of wood, polymers and compounds Source: Values and information from practical use on site by s customers 1 depending on the grain size combisense x-tract autosort 1 5 t/h/m 1 4 t/h/m t/h/m 1 2 t/h/m 11

7 You name it we sort it For, plastics, paper or wood is a leading provider of sensor-based sorting systems, established in the market with over 25 recycling applications. To date, we count more than 2500 sorters working successfully in 35 countries. Whatever you want to sort: Our know-how helps you to implement individual recycling solutions. recycling and processing of raw materials. Moreover, closely cooperates with leading plant builders. Keep up to date with sensor-based sorting at: Headquarter & Nordic AS Drengsrudhagen Asker Norway Phone: info@titech.com UK & Ireland UK The Springboard Centre Mantle Lane, Coalville Leicestershire, LE67 3DW United Kingdom info-uk@titech.com Australia DKSH Australia Pty. Ltd Dansu Court Hallam Vic 3803 Australia eric.paulsen@dksh.com India Leevams Incorporated 465, G.I.D.C., Makarpura Gujarat (India) sales@leevams.in M /08 GB