What is a polymer? plastics. polyisoprene polyurethrane. polybutadiene. polyethylene silicone Synthetic (made by people) Natural

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1 plastics polyisoprene polyurethrane polybutadiene polyesters nylon polyethylene silicone Synthetic (made by people) What is a polymer? Natural cellulose starch rubber protein chitin 0

2 Plastic Polymers Come in Numerous Forms Polymers = Plastics 1

3 What is a polymer composite? A polymer that contains fillers. Fillers can be added to polymers to enhance strength, toughness, friction and electrical properties. 2

4 What is a conductive polymer composite? A polymer with electrically conductive fillers. Fillers such as silver particles, gold particles, carbon nano-tubes, carbon black, etc. 3

5 How Do Typical Conductive Polymer Composites Work? Even dispersion of conductive particles transforms the insulating polymer into a conducting material. Voltage Source Voltage Source Normal polymer is good insulator No flow of electrons Dispersion of conductive particles gives electrons a path to follow.

6 How Do Typical Conductive Polymer Composites Work: Volume Conductivity Percolation - method of conduction where electrons tunnel and gap jump between carbon black particles Max tunnel distance of 10nm shows importance of dispersion of nano-particles Percolation Threshold - resistance of material sharply decreases when the critical carbon black (CB) content has been reached Tang, et. Al., J. of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 59, p , 1996.

7 Conductive Polymer Composites Traditional Applications Shielding against electromagnetic interference (EMI) Electrostatic materials Conducting Adhesives/coatings Chemical & biological detection sensors Golden Gate Bridge 6

8 Why are SensorTech conductive polymer composites a breakthrough sensor technology? 7

9 Traditional Polymers + Conductive Fillers = Force Sensors 8

10 Selective polymers offer excellent dispersion of conductive fillers Tough material with high impact strength Highly resistant to corrosive chemicals Self-lubricating Highly resistant to abrasion Moldable, formable, machinable, flexible 9

11 Polymer contact surface resistivity 10

12 How Do SensorTech Polymer Sensors Measure Force? Polymers measure stress directly, not strain. This direct measurement allows for a simplistic mechanical design and higher over-load capacity. FORCE FORCE STRAIN Surface contact SensorTech Method Traditional Strain-Gauge Method 11

13 Resistivity decreases with an increasing load 12

14 SensorTech Load Cell Performance Attributes Non-linear output similar to most resistive technologies No hysteresis between loading and unloading curve Means no drift or creep of the output voltage over time 13

15 Why SensorTech Conductive Polymer Composite Load Cells? 14

16 Simple & durable construction Minimal re-calibration Easy to customize Cost efficient Conditioning module included IP69K compliant High over-load protection (5x to 10x full scale) 15

17 SensorTech is working with a leading data acquisition/sensor company to develop a pressure sensor with our conductive polymer composite as the sensing element to measure blast pressure from explosive devices. Key Features: Miniscule power consumption Small size Fast response time 16

18 Pressure Mapping Sensors Pressure Map Output Multipoint Multi-Point 17

19 Why SensorTech Multi-Point Pressure Mapping Sensors? 18

20 Thermoformed over complex surfaces Molded into unique shapes (easy to machine) Flexible to contour over moderate surfaces Durable & chemical resistant Thin sheets ( ) 19

21 Pressure Profile Mapping Prosthetic Check Sockets SensorTech has a contract with the Office of Naval Research to develop a multipoint pressure sensor for prosthetics. 20

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24 Artificial Knee Joint Complex geometry Contact area difficult to determine 3D pressure measurement needed 23

25 SensorTech Moldable Sensor 24

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27 Flexible 26

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29 Foot Force Sensors 28

30 ATD Head Assembly Thermoformed onto aluminum skull & vinyl skin 29

31 Smart Floor Sensor Intruder detection or room controls automation Activates lights and/or audible warning systems Located under carpet, mats or tiles Calibrated to discriminate between pets and human mass Low power consumption 30

32 Steering Wheel Sensor Detect hands on/off 31