EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF SWAZILAND Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education

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1 EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF SWAZILAND Swaziland General Certificate of Secondary Education CANDIDATE NAME CENTRE NUMBER CANDIDATE NUMBER PHYSICAL SCIENCE 6888/03 Paper 3 Extended October/November hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in blue or black pen in the spaces provided on the Question Paper. You may use an HB pencil for any diagrams, graphs, tables or rough working. Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid. Do not write on the barcode. Answer all questions. You may use an electronic calculator. You may lose marks if you do not show your working or if you do not use the appropriate units. A copy of the Periodic Table is printed on page 18. The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question Total This document consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages. ECOS 2016 [Turn over

2 2 1 Fig. 1.1 shows the structures of diamond and graphite. These are two different forms of carbon. diamond graphite Fig. 1.1 (a) State the term used to describe the existence of an element in two or more forms in the same physical state. (b) Diamond can be used for cutting while graphite can be used as a lubricant. State the properties of these two forms of carbon that allow them to be used in these ways and explain how these properties relate to their structures. (i) diamond [2] (ii) graphite [2] (c) Chlorofluorocarbons, CFCs, are carbon compounds found in aerosol sprays. The use of these aerosol sprays can lead to the depletion of the ozone layer. Describe the importance of the ozone layer to life on earth....

3 3 2 Fig. 2.1 shows a baseball bat with the centre of mass marked C. C Fig. 2.1 (a) Explain what is meant by centre of mass.... (b) Fig. 2.2 shows the same baseball bat as in Fig. 2.1 cut through its centre of mass, C, to produce two pieces, A and B. Their centres of mass are indicated with dots. The distance of the centres of mass to the centre of mass of the whole bat are shown by arrows a and b. a b piece A piece B Fig. 2.2 Explain whether the mass of piece A is smaller than, larger than or the same as the mass of piece B.... (c) The mass of the baseball bat in Fig. 2.1 is kg. (i) Express the mass of the baseball bat to 3 significant figures. mass 5...kg [1] (ii) Calculate the weight of the baseball bat. Show your working. [Take g as 10 N / kg]. weight 5... [2] [Turn over

4 4 (d) Piece B, from Fig. 2.2, is again cut to form piece D as shown in Fig Fig. 2.3 It is then placed alongside piece A as shown in Fig The dots indicate the centres of mass of the two pieces. piece A piece D Fig. 2.4 State and explain whether piece A is less stable, more stable or has the same stability as piece D....

5 5 3 Fig. 3.1 shows a crystal lattice of magnesium metal Fig. 3.1 (a) State the type of bonding that exists in magnesium. (b) the structure shown in Fig. 3.1 to explain why magnesium: (i) conducts electricity, [1] (ii) is malleable [2] (c) Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. (i) Classify this oxide.... [1] (ii) Describe how an ionic bond is formed in magnesium oxide [3] [Turn over

6 6 (iii) Oxygen also reacts with carbon to form carbon dioxide. Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the arrangement of the electrons in a molecule of carbon dioxide. (Show the outer electrons only.) [3]

7 7 4 Fig. 4.1 shows a cart, starting at rest, being pulled along a horizontal surface from C to D. You may assume that there are no energy losses due to friction or air resistance. 8 kg 48 N 0.01 km C D Fig. 4.1 (a) Describe the evidence that work is being done on the cart by the force of 48 N [2] (b) Calculate the work done in pulling the cart from C to D....J [2] (c) State the form of energy that the cart gains as it moves from C to D. (d) As the cart is pulled from C to D, it accelerates steadily from rest. Calculate the speed of the cart when it reaches point D....m / s [3] (e) During the first second of the journey from C to D, 144 J of work is done on the cart. Calculate the power dissipated during this time....j / s [2] [Turn over

8 8 5 In an experiment, an excess of copper(ii) carbonate is added to 50 cm 3 of hydrochloric acid solution of concentration 1 mol / dm 3. The equation for the reaction is CuCO HCl CuCl 2 1 H 2 O 1 CO 2 (a) (i) Calculate the number of moles of hydrochloric acid in 50 cm 3 of the acid. Show your working....mol [2] (ii) Calculate the number of moles of copper(ii) carbonate that will react with 0.15 mol of hydrochloric acid. Show your working....mol [2] (b) Calculate the relative formula mass, M r, of copper(ii) carbonate, CuCO 3. [A r : Cu, 64; C, 12; O, 16] M r... [1] (c) Write a balanced equation for the thermal decomposition of copper(ii) carbonate.... [2]

9 9 6 Fig. 6.1 shows a 6 Ω resistor connected to a battery. switch 12 V P 6 Ω Fig. 6.1 (a) Indicate with an arrow at point P in Fig. 6.1, the direction of the electric current. [1] (b) The p.d. across the battery is 12 V. (i) Calculate the electric current through the 6 Ω resistor. Show your working and give the unit. (ii) Calculate the energy transferred in the circuit in 1 minute.... [2]... [3] [Turn over

10 10 (c) Fig. 6.2 shows a 4 Ω resistor connected in parallel to the 6 Ω resistor. 12 V A 6 Ω 4 Ω Fig. 6.2 Calculate the total resistance of the circuit....ω [3]

11 11 7 Fig. 7.1 is a flow diagram showing some reactions of ethene and ethanol. ethene steam ethanol oxygen gas E water polymerisation ethanoic acid polyethene compound F water Fig. 7.1 (a) Name the homologous series to which ethene belongs. (b) Name gas E and compound F. E... F... [2] (c) Ethene undergoes polymerisation to form poly(ethene). (i) Draw the structure of poly(ethene). [2] [Turn over

12 12 (ii) Explain why poly(ethene) causes pollution problems in the environment [1] (d) State two conditions necessary for the reaction of ethene with steam [2]

13 13 8 Fig. 8.1 and Fig. 8.2 show two types of magnets. N magnet G S nail magnet H metal rod nail switch Fig. 8.1 Fig. 8.2 (a) Name the two types of magnets shown in Fig. 8.1 and Fig magnet G... magnet H... [2] (b) State one difference between magnet G and magnet H. (c) Name a suitable metal that can be used for the rod in Fig (d) State two factors that will affect the strength of magnet H [2] (e) Describe how the metal rod in magnet H is magnetised [2] [Turn over

14 14 9 Aluminium is obtained from its ore in a two-step process. The ore is first converted to aluminium oxide and then aluminium is obtained from aluminium oxide by electrolysis. Iron is extracted from its ore by reduction with carbon. (a) Name the main ore from which aluminium is extracted. (b) Explain why it is not possible to extract aluminium from its ore by reduction with carbon.... (c) Aluminium oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) is an amphoteric oxide. When crushed with sodium hydroxide, the salt sodium aluminate, NaAlO 2, and water, H 2 O, are produced. Explain, using examples of reactions such as this, why aluminium oxide is an amphoteric oxide [2] (d) Aluminium has several uses. Complete Table 9.1 by stating two uses of aluminium and relating each use to a relevant property. use Table 9.1 Property [2]

15 15 (e) Calcium is extracted from molten calcium chloride by electrolysis. The process is similar to the extraction of aluminium from molten aluminium oxide. (i) Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions that take place at the cathode and the anode during the electrolysis of calcium chloride. anode... cathode... [2] (ii) State the name of the type of reaction that takes place at the cathode.... [1] [Turn over

16 16 10 Fig shows the output voltage of an a.c. generator displayed on a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO). Fig The Y-gain control of the cathode ray oscilloscope is set at 0.5 volt per smallest division. (a) Calculate the maximum output voltage.... V [2] (b) In (a), the cathode ray oscilloscope was used to measure the output voltage of the a.c. generator. State another property of the output voltage of an a.c. generator that could be measured using the cathode ray oscilloscope.

17 17 (c) Fig shows how a cathode ray oscilloscope was connected to a power supply. 5 kv Fig (i) Identify a mistake in the connection [1] (ii) Explain why no beam will be produced in this oscilloscope [3] [Turn over

18 18 DATA SHEET The Periodic Table of the Elements Group I II III IV V VI VII 0 1 H Hydrogen He Helium 3 7 Li Lithium 9 Be Beryllium B Boron 6 12 C Carbon 14 N Nitrogen O Oxygen 19 F Fluorine 9 20 Ne Neon Na Sodium Mg Magnesium Al Aluminium Si Silicon P Phosphorus S Sulfur Cl Chlorine Ar Argon K Potassium Ca Calcium Sc Scandium Ti Titanium V Vanadium Cr Chromium Mn Manganese Fe Iron Co Cobalt Ni Nickel Cu Copper Zn Zinc Ga Gallium Ge Germanium As Arsenic Se Selenium Br Bromine Kr Krypton Rb Rubidium Sr Strontium Y Yttrium Zr Zirconium Nb Niobium Mo Molybdenum 42 Tc Technetium Ru Ruthenium Rh Rhodium Pd Palladium Ag Silver Cd Cadmium In Indium Sn Tin Sb Antimony Te Tellurium I Iodine Xe Xenon Cs Caesium Ba Barium La Lanthanum 57 * 178 Hf Hafnium Ta Tantalum W Tungsten Re Rhenium Os Osmium Ir Iridium Pt Platinum Au Gold Hg Mercury Tl Thallium Pb Lead Bi Bismuth 83 Po Polonium 84 At Astatine 85 Rn Radon Fr Francium Ra Radium Ac Actinium 89 * Lanthanoid series Actinoid series Key b a X a = relative atomic mass X = atomic symbol b = atomic (proton) number 140 Ce Cerium Th Thorium Pr Nd Praseodymium Neodymium Pa Protactinium U Uranium Pm Promethium Sm Samarium Eu Europium Gd Gadolinium Tb Terbium Dy Dysprosium Ho Holmium Er Erbium Tm Thulium Yb Ytterbium Lu Lutetium Np Neptunium 93 Pu Plutonium 94 Am Americium 95 Cm Curium 96 Bk Berkelium 97 Cf Californium 98 Es Einsteinium 99 Fm Fermium 100 Md Mendelevium 101 No Nobelium 102 Lr Lawrencium 103 The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm 3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).

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