ITHAKA S+R PRELIMINARY RESULTS: ASERL 2017 SALARY SURVEY Katherine Daniel and Roger Schonfeld January 31, 2018
Thank you to the following institutions for their participation Auburn University Clemson University College of William and Mary Emory University Florida International University Florida State University George Mason University Louisiana State University Mississippi State University Tulane University University of Central Florida University of Florida University of Georgia University of Kentucky University of Louisville University of Memphis University of Miami University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University of North Carolina at Charlotte University of South Carolina University of South Florida University of Virginia Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Tech Wake Forest University
GENDER: Women constitute a majority of staff at participating ASERL institutions. Female staff are overrepresented in non-supervisory positions and exempt managerial roles. While female staff are overrepresented in the majority of job categories, male staff continue to be overrepresented in tech-related positions and in security and facilities / operations.
Total: 3,117 library employees Gender percentage of total employees NA: 3% Male: 36% Total: 1129 Female: 61% Total: 1901
Women make up the majority of all levels of seniority and employment types. The highest proportion of female employees is at the exempt managerial level. 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% Gender proportion of employees at each level of seniority 64.8% 61.8% 59.6% 53.8% 54.9% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory Non-Exempt Manager Exempt Non- Supervisory Exempt Manager Exempt Senior
Human resources (including diversity) Assessment Communications / engagement / marketing / outreach Exhibits Cataloging, metadata, resource description Collections development and management / acquisitions Finance / development Subject specialist Library leadership and administration Information literacy / learning / teaching Special collections / rare books / archives Publishing / scholarly communications / copyright Access services Preservation / conservation / disaster planning / restoration Digital content creation Maker space / design lab / media lab Technology / systems / desktop support Facilities / operations Security % Female Gender percentage of employees by job type Highest 100% 92% HR Assessment Communications Exhibits 80% 60% 40% 79% 78% 75% 74% 73% 72% 71% 69% 65% 62% 59% 54% 54% 49% 35% Lowest* 20% 26% 24% 18% Maker Space Technology Facilities/Operations Security 0% *Ithaka s ARL Inclusion, Diversity, and Equity survey found that women held the lowest number of positions in these same 4 categories.
RACE AND ETHNICITY: Three-quarters of ASERL staff at participating institutions are white non-hispanic. The proportion of white non-hispanic employees increases with each level of seniority, while it decreases for black or African American employees. With a regional average population of 64% white non-hispanic, these employees are overrepresented in most job categories except for human resources, and POC are only overrepresented in security.
75 percent of employees at participating ASERL institutions are white non-hispanic. This is 11 percentage points higher than the average percentage (64%) of white non- Hispanic individuals in participating states. Hispanic: 4.5% Total: 139 Black or African American: 10.4% Total: 324 Race percentage of total employees Asian: 3.4% Total: 105 Other: 1.0% Total: 32 NA: 5.8% Total: 180 White (non-hispanic): 75.0% Total: 2337
The proportion of white non-hispanic employees increases in each subsequent level of seniority, with a higher percentage of white employees in exempt positions. 90.00% 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% White (Non-Hispanic) Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 68.78% 73.50% 77.71% 80.78% 83.61% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory Non-Exempt Manager Exempt Non- Supervisory Exempt Manager Exempt Senior
Exhibits Publishing / scholarly communications / copyright Preservation / conservation / disaster planning / restoration Assessment Special collections / rare books / archives Communications / engagement / marketing / outreach Information literacy / learning / teaching Maker space / design lab / media lab Library leadership and administration Subject specialist Collections development and management / acquisitions Facilities / operations Technology / systems / desktop support Finance / development Digital content creation Cataloging, metadata, resource description Access services Human resources (including diversity) Security % White (Non-Hispanic) Total Number of Employees 600 500 White (Non-Hispanic) Percentage of employees by job type and racial group 505 521 400 300 200 100 0 12 64 41 24 317 74 130 37 215 292 71 271 99 77 299 36 28 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 91.7% 89.1% 85.4% 83.3% 83.3% 82.4% 81.5% 81.1% 79.1% 79.0% 76.4% 76.1% 74.5% 71.7% 70.1% 66.9% 65.5% 63.9% 50.0%
DEGREE: Employees in more senior positions are more credentialed, and white non-hispanic employees make up the highest proportion of those with advanced degrees.
As seniority increases, the number of employees with at least a bachelor s level education increases. 100.0% 90.0% 80.0% Percentage of employees with 4-year degrees 84.0% N=1099 89.0% N=593 91.0% N=122 This ranges from 29% to 65% higher than the regional average of 26% of individuals with higher education. 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 55.0% N=1182 61.5% N=117 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% Non-exempt nonsupervisory Non-exempt manager Exempt nonsupervisory Exempt manager Exempt senior
White non-hispanic employees make up an increasingly higher proportion of each subsequent degree level. 90.0% 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 63.5% Degree race/ethnicity 84.2% 85.4% 76.4% 71.2% 50.0% 40.0% 36.5% 30.0% 28.8% 23.6% 20.0% 15.8% 14.6% 10.0% 0.0% High School Diploma Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level POC White (Non-Hispanic)
LIBRARIAN & SENIOR LEADERSHIP POSITIONS: Female and white non-hispanic employees with MLS degrees in exempt positions ( librarians ) are overrepresented. Women in senior leadership positions are slightly overrepresented, while non-white senior leaders are severely underrepresented.
Librarians are operationalized as exempt employees holding a MLS degree. Gender "Librarians" NA: 4.1% Total: 44 67% of librarians are female compared to 29% male. Male: 29.3% Total: 312 Female: 66.6% Total: 710
79% of librarians are white non-hispanic compared to 13% identifying as belonging to another racial group. Race/ethnicity "Librarians" NA: 7.3% Total: 78 POC: 13.3% Total: 142 White (Non-Hispanic): 79.4% Total: 846
Senior leadership consists of 55% female employees and 42% male. Gender senior leadership NA: 3.4% Total: 3 Male: 41.6% Total: 37 Female: 55.1% Total: 49
Senior leadership consists of 88% white non-hispanic employees and 7% employees identifying as another race. Race/ethnicity senior leadership NA: 5.6% Total: 5 POC: 6.7% Total: 6 White (Non-Hispanic): 87.6% Total: 78
COMPENSATION: GENDER Women on average have lower salaries, but to varying degrees of significance.
60,000 50,000 51,452 Total: 1,838 Median salary by gender 52,473 Total: 1,090 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Female Male
GENDER SUMMARY Employment type Female Salary Male Salary Salary Difference* Significant Nonexempt Nonsupervisory $35,858 (n=703) Manager $41,449 (n=57) $36,195 (n=410) -337 No $43,655 (n=52) -2,206 No Nonsupervisory $59,493 (n=639) $63,705 (n=396) -4,212 Yes Exempt Manager $73,084 (n=375) $73,408 (n=185) -324 No *+/- male employees average salaries
GENDER SUMMARY Employment type Female Salary Male Salary Salary Difference* Significant Pre-2008 recession $75,438 (n=687) $79,610 (n=300) -4,172 No Librarian 2011 onward $64,605 (n=330) $74,930 (n=105) -10,325 Yes Overall (all employees at a senior level) $127,988 (n=62) $150,235 (n=47) -22,247 Yes Senior Leadership $134,809 (n=48) $158,978 (n=36) -24,169 Yes *+/- male employees average salaries
COMPENSATION: RACE AND ETHNICITY Employees identifying as a different racial group than white non-hispanic do not necessarily earn a lower salary, but they are employed at such low numbers that these results are inconclusive
70,000 Median salary by racial group 60,000 50,000 48,369 Total: 32 50,000 Total: 139 53,138 Total: 2,328 58,000 Total: 105 40,000 39,987 Total: 324 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 Black or African American Other Hispanic White (Non-Hispanic) Asian * Other includes the groups American Indian or Alaskan Native; Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander; and Two or More Races
RACE/ETHNICITY SUMMARY Employment type POC Salary White non-hispanic Salary Salary Difference* Significant Nonexempt Nonsupervisory $34,192 (n=304) $36,383 (n=809) -1,471 Yes Manager $43,271 $42,295 +976 No Nonsupervisory $60,442 (n=183) $61,247 (n=852) -805 No Exempt Manager $71,210 (n=83) $73,535 (n=477) -2,325 No *+/- white non-hispanic average salaries
RACE/ETHNICITY SUMMARY Employment type POC White non-hispanic Salary Difference* Significant Librarian Pre-2008 recession $73,193 (n=74) 2011 onward $64,928 (n=61) $77,622 (n=418) $67,471 (n=375) -4,429 No -2,543 No Overall (all employees at a senior level) $151,952 $136,595 +15,357 No Senior Leadership $161,902 $143,390 +18,512 No *+/- white non-hispanic average salaries
INSTITUTIONAL VARIANCE
Salary ($) Differences in male and female employees incomes by institution. (Anonymized in no particular order) 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 Gender salary variance at participating institutions 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Institutions Male Female
Salary ($) Differences in employees of color and white non-hispanic employees incomes by institution. (Anonymized in no particular order) 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 Race/ethnicity salary variance at participating institutions 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Institutions POC White
FURTHER QUESTIONS What do you make of these findings? What would you like to see in a future study on diversity and equity?
THANK YOU
SUPPLEMENTARY SLIDES
1963 1966 1968 1970 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015 2017 Number of employees Hiring follows economic trends. 250 Current employees hired by year Some employees have been with their institutions for several decades. 200 150 100 50 0 Year
Gender White (Non-Hispanic) Gender Black or African American Male: 38.9% Total: 908 Female: 61.0% Total: 1426 Male: 27.8% Total: 90 Female: 72.2% Total: 234 Gender Hispanic Asian Male: 38.8% Total: 54 Female: 61.2% Total: 85 Male: 34.3% Total: 36 Female: 65.7% Total: 69
18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Black or African American Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 17.01% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 14.53% Non-Exempt Manager 6.64% Exempt Non- Supervisory 4.89% Exempt Manager 3.28% Exempt Senior 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Hispanic Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 4.65% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 2.56% Non-Exempt Manager 4.09% Exempt Non- Supervisory 5.73% Exempt Manager 1.64% Exempt Senior 18.00% 16.00% 14.00% 12.00% 10.00% 8.00% 6.00% 4.00% 2.00% 0.00% Asian Proportion of employees in each level of seniority 2.88% Non-Exempt Non-Supervisory 0.00% Non-Exempt Manager 4.82% Exempt Non- Supervisory 2.87% Exempt Manager 0.82% Exempt Senior
Black or African American % total of each degree level Hispanic % total of each degree level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 29.1% High School Diploma 17.3% 12.3% 5.4% 5.0% Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 5.5% High School Diploma 9.6% 6.4% 4.2% 4.5% Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level 35.0% 30.0% 25.0% 20.0% 15.0% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% 0.7% 1.9% 3.1% 4.4% 5.1% High School Diploma Asian % total of each degree level Associates Bachelors Masters Doctoral Level