Biotechnology in Agriculture and Forestry 54 Brassica Bearbeitet von Eng Chong Pua, Carl J. Douglas 1. Auflage 2004. Buch. xvii, 344 S. Hardcover ISBN 978 3 540 20264 6 Format (B x L): 15,5 x 23,5 cm Gewicht: 774 g Weitere Fachgebiete > Medizin > Vorklinische Medizin: Grundlagenfächer > Humangenetik Zu Leseprobe schnell und portofrei erhältlich bei Die Online-Fachbuchhandlung beck-shop.de ist spezialisiert auf Fachbücher, insbesondere Recht, Steuern und Wirtschaft. Im Sortiment finden Sie alle Medien (Bücher, Zeitschriften, CDs, ebooks, etc.) aller Verlage. Ergänzt wird das Programm durch Services wie Neuerscheinungsdienst oder Zusammenstellungen von Büchern zu Sonderpreisen. Der Shop führt mehr als 8 Millionen Produkte.
Contents Section I Crop Origin and Importance I.1 Species Origin and Economic Importance of Brassica G. RAKOW 1 Introduction............................................ 3 2 Origin, Taxonomy and Distribution of Brassica Species.......... 3 3 Economic Importance of Brassica Species..................... 6 4 Conclusions............................................ 11 References............................................... 11 I.2 Rapid-Cycling Brassica in Research and Education E. HIMELBLAU,D.LAUFFER,R.TEUTONICO,J.C. PIRES,and T.C. OSBORN (With 3 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 13 2 Development of Common Rapid-Cycling Brassica Stocks........ 13 3 Rapid-Cycling Brassica as a Model Organism for Plant Research........................................ 15 4 Applications of Rapid-Cycling Brassica in Education............ 16 5 Active Research Areas with Educational Applications............ 20 6 Current Status and Future Prospects of Rapid-Cycling Brassica in Education..................................... 26 References................................................ 27 Section II Molecular Genetics II.1 Genome Mapping and Analysis C.F. QUIROS and A.H. PARTERSON 1 Introduction............................................ 31 2 Brief Synopsis of Mapping Activities in Brassica............... 31 3 Comparative Organization of the Brassica and Arabidopsis Genomes................................. 35 4 Applications............................................ 37 5 Conclusions............................................ 38 References............................................... 39
X Contents II.2 Male Sterility F. BUDAR,R.DELOURME,andG. PELLETIER (With 3 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 43 2 Spontaneous Male Sterilities in Brassica...................... 44 3 Engineered Male Sterilities in Brassica....................... 45 4 Molecular Features of Cytoplasmic Male Sterilities and Fertility Restoration................................... 48 5 Agronomical Use of the Different Systems.................... 52 6 Conclusions............................................ 57 References............................................... 57 II.3 Biotechnology for Pollination Control in Crucifer Oilseed Crops M.E. NASRALLAH (With 2 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 65 2 Current Schemes for Pollination Control and Hybrid Seed Production in B. napus.................................... 67 3 Biotechnological Applications of SI for Hybrid Breeding in Oilseed Crops......................................... 73 4 Perspectives............................................ 78 References............................................... 78 Section III Tissue Culture and Transgenic Technology III.1 Regulation of Plant Morphogenesis In Vitro E.C. PUA and H. GONG (With 1 Figure) 1 Introduction............................................ 83 2 Genotypic Variability in Morphogenic Capacity................ 84 3 Role of Ethylene in Culture................................ 84 4 Interactive Role of Polyamines and Ethylene.................. 91 5 Plant Morphogenesis in Relation to H 2 O 2..................... 93 6 Genetic Control of Morphogenic Competence................. 94 7 Conclusions............................................ 96 References............................................... 97 III.2 Regeneration of Plants via Somatic Embryogenesis C.S. LOH,W. SHU, andw.l. KOH 1 Introduction............................................ 103 2 Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis........................ 104 3 Secondary Embryogenesis in B. napus ssp. oleifera............. 109 4 Secondary Embryogenesis in Rapid-Cycling B. napus, B. campestris and B. nigra................................. 112
Contents XI 5 Regeneration of Plants.................................... 112 6 Concluding Remarks..................................... 114 References................................................ 114 III.3 Brassica Protoplast Culture and Somatic Hybridization M.C. CHRISTEY (With 1 Figure) 1 Introduction............................................ 119 2 Shoot Regeneration from Protoplasts........................ 120 3 Protoplast Fusion........................................ 123 4 Resynthesis of Amphidiploids.............................. 133 5 Cytoplasmic Traits....................................... 136 6 Organelle Segregation.................................... 139 7 Fertility of Somatic Hybrids............................... 141 8 Conclusions............................................ 142 References................................................ 143 III.4 Brassica Improvement Through Microspore Culture A.M.R. FERRIE and W.A. KELLER 1 Introduction............................................ 149 2 Development of Haploidy Protocols......................... 149 3 Improvement of Brassica via Haploidy Protocols............... 153 4 Conclusions............................................ 163 References............................................... 163 III.5 Production of Transgenic Vegetable Brassicas M.C. CHRISTEY and R. BRAUN 1 Introduction............................................ 169 2 Susceptibility to Agrobacterium............................. 170 3 Shoot Regeneration from Explants.......................... 170 4 Transformation Methods.................................. 177 5 Enhancing Transformation Rates............................ 181 6 Agronomic Traits Introduced............................... 184 7 Field Testing............................................ 188 8 Environmental Concerns with GM Plants..................... 189 9 Conclusions............................................ 189 References............................................... 190 III.6 Transgenic Oilseed Brassicas E.C. PUA and T.S. LIM 1 Introduction............................................ 195 2 Plant Transformation..................................... 196
XII Contents 3 Factors Affecting Plant Transformation and Transgene Expression............................................. 209 4 Applications of Transgenic Technology....................... 212 5 Transgene Flow.......................................... 216 6 Conclusions............................................ 217 References................................................ 218 Section IV Crop Improvement and Molecular Farming IV.1 Insect-Resistant Transgenic Brassicas E.D. EARLE,J.CAO,and A.M. SHELTON (With 1 Figure) 1 Introduction............................................ 227 2 Insect Pests of Brassica Crops.............................. 227 3 Transgenic Brassicas Expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Genes............................................. 228 4 Transgenic Brassicas Expressing Proteinase Inhibitor (PI) Genes...................................... 241 5 Other Approaches to Transgenic Insect Resistance............. 245 6 Conclusions............................................ 246 References............................................... 248 IV.2 Disease Resistance C. DIXELIUS, S. BOHMAN, ands.wretblad 1 Introduction............................................ 253 2 Disease Resistance to Major Fungal Pathogens on B. napus and B. rapa............................................. 254 3 Defense Studies on Diseases of Minor Importance.............. 262 4 Conclusions............................................ 263 References............................................... 264 IV.3 Herbicide Resistance S. WARWICK and B. MIKI (With 2 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 273 2 Herbicide-Resistant Crops................................. 275 3 Regulations............................................. 276 4 Mechanisms of Herbicide Resistance......................... 277 5 Environmental Impact of Herbicide-Resistant Crops............ 283 6 Strategies for Transgene Containment and Implications of Genomic Location of the Insertion Sites.................... 289 7 Conclusions............................................ 290 References............................................... 290
Contents XIII IV.4 Genetic Engineering of Lipid Composition D.J. MURPHY (With 4 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 297 2 Lipid Composition of Brassica Seeds......................... 298 3 Uses of Seed Lipids....................................... 299 4 Targets for Fatty Acid Modification.......................... 300 5 Progress So Far.......................................... 302 6 Challenges for Transgenic Brassica Crops..................... 307 7 Future Challenges........................................ 312 References............................................... 313 IV.5 Biochemical Genetics of Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in Brassica R. MITHEN and R. PARKER (With 8 Figures) 1 Introduction............................................ 317 2 Glucosinolate Structure, Biochemical Diversity and Degradation........................................ 319 3 Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Pathways Insights from Arabidopsis Research.......................... 324 4 Gene Mapping and QTL Identification in Brassica.............. 331 5 Future Prospects........................................ 335 References............................................... 335 Subject Index............................................. 339