Wind Power : the way forward in India History and Status of W.E Road Map for 15 years Gaps in existing systems Issues of supply chain, manpower, and grid stability Dr.S.Gomathinayagam Executive Director Centre for Wind Energy Technology Chennai 600100 ed@cwet.res.in
History of wind energy in India Two Oil Shocks of 1970s gave CASE-1981 (Commission on Alternate Sources of Energy) under DST DNES-1982 (Department of Nonconventional Energy Sources) MoEnergy First Demonstration wind farm in India Mullaikadu, Tuticorin, 1984 55kW (BHEL) 1986 10x55kW (WindMatic)
History of wind energy in 1985- Veraval Gujrat India Demonstration wind farms in 11 states 73MW ( 0.4%) MNES 1992 Ministry of Non-conventional Energy Sources MNRE 2006 Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MoState-Independent charge) MNRE- 2009 (Independent Cabinet ranked Ministry)
What can we Design? in HAWT P wind = C p 1/2 ρav 3 Power (translation) = Force x Velocity = (P=F V) Power (rotation) = Torque x rotational speed = (P=T x Ω) C p Power(Energy) = Kinetic Energy x mass flow rate = (P= KE*m) A P wind = C p 1/2 pav 3 4 10/4/2013 C p efficiency ( Betz max. = 16/27) = 0.59
20000 Cumulative Installed Capacity in India (MW) 18000 STATUS of wind 17277.255 16000 14000 12000 energy in India, 19GW (July 2013) 11752.83 14097.48 10000 8704.175 10188.18 8000 7119.92 6000 5341.66 4000 3593.5 2000 1871.205 2478.885 0 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012
3500 Annual Capacity addition in India (MW) 3179.775 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 STATUS of wind energy in India, Annual 1.7GW in 2012-13 1114.615 1748.16 1778.26 1584.255 1484.005 1564.65 2344.65 ACCELERATED DECREASE in CAPACITY ADDITION 500 238.955 607.68 3.2 GW to 1.7GW?????? 0 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012
1200 1140 Cumulative Rated Capacity/WTG 1000 800 Average rated capacity of wind turbines (last ten years) Demo = 184 kw 932 902 867 Private= 843 kw 801 797 998 600 594 651 680 CUF increases With MW class 400 200 0 STATUS of wind energy in India, Average Rated Capacity/WTG Turbines
Development in Size Andhra Pradesh Goa Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Madhya Pradesh Maharastra Orissa Rajasthan Tamilnadu Year Maximum Capacity 2001 900 kw 2002 950 kw 2003 1500 kw 2004 1650 kw STATUS of wind energy in India WTG-capacity 2005 1650 kw 2006 2100 kw 2007 2100 kw 2008 2100 kw 2009 2100 kw 2010 2500 kw 2011 2500 kw 2012 2500 kw
STATUS of wind energy in India WTG-capacity Old & New
Global Technology Trends in SIZES Enercon E126 7.5MW Repower 6M Series Siemens SWT-6.0 150 Sinovel SL6000 Areva M5000 XEMC 5MW 9. Gamesa G10X 10. GE 4.1 113
8000 7000 Statewise Cumulative Installed capacity (MW) STATUS of wind energy in India 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 Andrapradesh Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Madhyapradesh Maharastra Rajasthan Tamilnadu 1000 0 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012
Statewise Cumulative Generation (MW) 12000 10000 STATUS of wind energy in India NO AD 8000 6000 4000 Private profit to power Public Grid Andrapradesh Gujarat Karnataka Kerala Madhyapradesh Maharastra Rajasthan TamilNadu Effect anymore AD is welcome For small investors 2000 0 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 Let IPPs Sell WTGs like RealEstt Urban Flats?
STATUS of wind energy in India WTGs 8% 11% 15% 10% 19% 81% 31% 25% Lattice Tubular Steel Combination 225-500 kw 501-1000 kw 1001-1500 kw 1501-2000 kw 2000-2500 kw 21% 10% 0% 6% 15% 33% 43% 29% 15% 4% 15% 9% <30m 31-40m 41-50m 51-60m 61-70m 71-80m 81-90m 91-100m 4% Induction Generator Synchronous Generator with Electrically exicted Synchronous Generator with Permanent Magnet Double Fed Induction Generator 19% 42% 35% Class I Class II Class III Class S
STATUS of 18 Manuf. 43 WTGs in India ; Is there a WTRAI? Nacelle 100% Indian By GoI policy Assembly Gear 37.5% Indian,( US, Finland, Spain UK, China, Germany) Generator 44.2% Indian,( US, France, Spain Swiss, Italy, China, Germany) Controls 42.9% Indian (Denmark, Germany, US) Blade 38.9% Indian ( Finland, Spain Denmark, China, Brazil) GREAT OPPORTUNITIES TO BE No.1 in WTG Manufacturing overtaking China in Quality and in Reliability ; ARAI did gave affordable but usable CAR
STATUS of wind energy in India WTGs 120.00 100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 0.00 Rotor Diameter (m) Rotor Diameter (m) 100000 80000 60000 40000 20000 0 Nacelle Weight (Kg) Nacelle Weight (Kg) 225 250 250 500 600 600 1500 225 250 320 500 600 1500 25 20 15 10 5 0 Rotor Weight/m2 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 Rotor Weight/m2 Linear (Rotor Weight/m2) 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Tower Weight/m 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 Tower Weight/m Linear (Tower Weight/m) 300 250 200 150 100 50 Nacelle Weight/ kw Total Weight/ kw 0 0 1000 2000 3000
Infirmity? Nature + man made design of power curve Excess WIND Good TURBINE Operating GRID LESS OR NO WIND Wind below rated capacity
POWER and ENERGY, RESEARCH NEED INDIA SPECIFIC DESIGNS? for Site Specific of WTG WIND M/C operation POWER WIND MACHINE- SPECIFIC 12-17m/s SITE- SPECIFIC 6-7 m/s
WE-Road Map for 15 years Investment Grade Wind Resource for large 225kW+ and Small WTGs National Wind Mission atleast till 2020 Consortium mode cost reduction Higher Wind power with forecasting & Energy storage techniques (Wind Must) Evacuation and tariff payment Guarantee Offshore Wind Power realisation (Multi-purpose Projects) Offgrid Wind-solar Hybrids Focussed Exclusive R&D to address issues Full exploitation of Manuf.Capacity 5000MW/year Consolidation and sustaining Supply Chain Effective and barrier less Policy support (with WRPO/REC)
Plug&Charge EOV urban parking AREAS & Wind to Water/Hydrogen in remote off grid locations Excess Wind USAGE
No Land issues 20-30% more No noise Opportunity : offshore wind power
New Solar /Wind on your Roof top will cut your EB bill : Net-metering in Tamil Nadu
Identify Gaps in current systems Critical Component supply / FOREX Standards for Grid Connection of WE Issues of Power Quality Lack/Attrition of Skilled Manpower Fly by Night Operators /Quality&AMC Threat of updated technology denial over long term in the absence Indigenous R&D Land costs and Governmental procedures
www: Win With Wind is NEED of HOUR to Power All, Ever Wind is not mined & use needs MINDSET Wind to hydrogen for mobile-energy Wind is not transported Wind need not be stored Wind is abundant, giving Green Power Wind is freely owned Wind power sustains drinking water Wind is completely renewable by NATURE
Wind certainly Works No threat of cost escalation No threat of hoarding No threat of transport-driver/ miner s Strike No threat of depletion as it is renewable No threat of Pollution to environment Wind is sustainable with infirmity managed with Focused Political and societal WILL 10/4/2013 26
NATIONAL WIND MISSION NEEDED Wind farm cooperatives with farmers as owners (rural corporate) as in Denmark Societal Will and awareness of long term sustainability and energy security Sustained Political Will for wind onshore/offshore Sustained Policy directives for extended period for self-sustained green energy devp. Promotional measures for Capacity building in India for (offgrid/wind solar/grid-tied ) roof top or hill top ( net metering seriously) Augmented Clean energy fund from CSR stream & Citizens
THANK YOU FOR YOUR KIND ATTENTION WEB SITE : CWET.RES.IN NATIONAL WIND MISSION 2020 WHY NOT A WTRAI LIKE THE ARAI?