How can we benchmark Open Government / Open Government Data?
Quick Poll How many people in the audience know about the UN E-Government Survey? http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 2
UN E-Government Survey 7 th Edition: UN E-Government Survey 2012: E- Government for the People http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 3
E-Government Index The willingness and capacity of national administrations to use ICTs to deliver public services. A composite index of: Web Measure Index Infrastructure Index Human Capital Index
Quick Poll What is the top ranked country in 2012 E-Gov Survey? A)Republic of Korea (South Korea) B)Netherlands C)United Kingdom D)Denmark E)United States of America http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 5
World E-Government Development 2012 Leaders Rank Country E-government development index 1 Republic of Korea 0.9283 2 Netherlands 0.9125 3 United Kingdom 0.8960 4 Denmark 0.8889 5 United States 0.8687 6 France 0.8635 7 Sweden 0.8599 8 Norway 0.8593 9 Finland 0.8505 10 Singapore 0.8474 11 Canada 0.8430 12 Australia 0.8390 13 New Zealand 0.8381 14 Liechtenstein 0.8264 15 Switzerland 0.8134 16 Israel 0.8100 17 Germany 0.8079 18 Japan 0.8019 19 Luxembourg 0.8014
Web Measure Index 0.5 0.45 0.431 0.458 0.4 0.366 0.353 0.35 0.333 0.301 0.32 0.333 0.314 0.301 0.301 0.3 0.25 0.216 0.187 0.2 0.177 0.144 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 Angola Botswana DR Congo Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Seychelles South Africa Swaziland Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Measured according to the Web Measure Assessment Model, which separates the available citizen services into four stages of development.
http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 8
Infrastructure Index 0.45 0.404 0.4 0.35 0.33 0.3 0.25 0.221 0.2 0.187 0.139 0.15 0.113 0.11 0.089 0.1 0.084 0.05 0.052 0.06 0.044 0.05 0.032 0.018 0 Angola Botswana DR Congo Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Seychelles South Africa Swaziland Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe Indicators: PC s/1000 persons Internet users/1000 persons Telephone Lines/1000 persons Online population Mobile phones/1000 persons TV s/1000 persons
Human Capital Index 0.9 0.82 0.782 0.8 0.759 0.742 0.709 0.7 0.697 0.7 0.664 0.6 0.538 0.544 0.574 0.556 0.489 0.499 0.5 0.426 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 Angola Botswana DR Congo Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mozambique Namibia Seychelles South Africa Swaziland Tanzania Zambia Zimbabwe The ability of the population to access and embrace ICT - measured by factors such as adult literacy rate and combined primary, secondary, and tertiary gross enrolment ratio
SADC Region Overview There is significant E-Government development in SADC countries as shown through the Web Measure Index However, there are challenges in the area of telecommunication infrastructure Despite low infrastructure rankings, SADC does well on the Human Capital Index
Quick Poll What is the top ranked African country in 2012 E-Gov Survey? A)Egypt B)Tunisia C)South Africa D)Mauritius E)Seychelles http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 12
2012 Survey s Main Findings Whole-of-government approaches lead the way in advanced countries Member States are paying closer attention to multi-channel service delivery Developing countries make progress in e-participation Citizens demand more services
UN E-Government Survey http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 14
Supplementary e-participation Index E-participation questions, as part of the e-government questionnaire, extend the dimension of the Survey These questions focus on: the use of the Internet to facilitate provision of information by governments to citizens ( e-information sharing ), interaction with stakeholders ( e-consultation ), and engagement in decision-making processes ( edecision making ) http://www.unpan.org/dpadm
E-Participation (1) E-Participation Outcomes Llistservs or new sgroups 14 Blogs 48 Chat rooms or IM 14 Online surveys or feedback forms 87 Online polls 54 Calendar listing of upcoming activities 8 0 20 40 60 80 100 Number of Countries
E-Participation (2) Citizen participation/interconnectedness E-participation policy or mission statement Calendar listings of upcoming e-participation activities Archived information about e-participation activities E-participation tools to obtain public opinion (polls, surveys, bulletin boards, chat room, blogs, web casting, and discussion forums, etc.) Citizen feedback on the national strategy, policies and e-services Provision for publishing the results of citizen feedback Existence of features to enable access for people with disabilities Set turnaround time for government to respond to submitted forms/e-mails http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ Archive on responses by government to citizen s questions, queries and inputs 17
E-Participation (3) Feature Number of Countries Percent Can citizens tag, assess and rank content on the website 18 9% Sections for vulnerable groups such as the poor, illiterate, blind, old, young, immigrants, women, etc 56 29% Provide e- services through or in partnership with third parties such as civil society or the private sector 71 37% Gateway to local or regional government 97 50%
To Ponder: An OGD Index What indicators should be considered for a future OGD Index? How to address through an Index? Policy Framework Technical Aspects Institutional Framework Civil Society Readiness and Responsiveness
Overview of Mentions to OGD in Official Websites http://www.unpan.org/dpadm/ 21
Three Pillars of our Research on OGD Policy and Regulatory Framework Freedom of Information Acts (FOIAs) Data Protection Acts (DPAs) Legislation on Open Government Data (OGD) Organizational Framework Information and Privacy Commissioners Agency Responsible for Open Data Channels and Modalities Open Government Data Toolkit Open Government Data Catalogues Open Government Data Applications http://www.unpan.org/dpadm
Further Analysis on OGD based on Indicators (1) Policy & Regulatory Framework PR1: Provision in Constitution on Access to Information PR2: Legislation on Access to Information PR3: Provision in Constitution on Data Privacy PR4: Legislation on Data Privacy PR5: Legislation on Open Data PR6: Ratification of International Treaties on Access to Information & Data Privacy Organizational Framework OF1: Existence of Information (Privacy) Commissioner OF2: Information Commissioner or equiv. is independent of the Executive
Further Analysis based on Indicators (2) Channels and Modalities Existence of National Open Data Catalogue Legal Openness of the Catalogue LO1: It is free to use the data (you should think of free as in free speech, not as in free beer ) LO2: There are no limitations except attribute & share-alike Technical Openness of the Catalogue TO1: Available on the web (whatever format) but with an open license, to be Open Data TO2: Available as machine-readable structured data (e.g. excel instead of image scan of a table) TO3: All the above plus non-proprietary format (e.g. CSV instead of excel) TO4: All the above plus use open standards from W3C (RDF and SPARQL) to identify things, so that people can point at your stuff TO5: All the above plus link your data to other people s data to provide context
Policy and Regulatory Framework PR1 - Provision in Constitution on Access to Information Brazil Turkey PR2 - Legislation on Access to Information PR3 - Provision in Constitution on Data Privacy PR4 - Legislation on Data Privacy PR5 - Legislation on Open Data PR6 - Ratification of International Treaties on Access to Information and Data Privacy Organizational Framework OF1 - Existence of Information (privacy) Commissioners OF2 - Information Commissioner or Equivalent is Independent of the Executive Legal Openness of the Catalogue LO1 - Is it Free to Use the Data? LO2 - There are no limitations except 'Attribute' and 'Share-Alike'? Technical Openness of the Catalogue TO1 - Available on the web (whatever format) but with an open license, to be open data TO2 - Available as machine-readable structured data TO3 - All the above plus non-proprietary format TO4 - All the above plus use open standards from W3C TO5 - All the above plus linked data
Thank you!