Contamination of Karihobanahalli and Shivapura Nalakadderanahalli Lakes in Peenya Industrial Area, Bangalore District. Presented by Mr. Aboud S. Jumbe and Dr. N. Nandini Department of Environmental Science, Bangalore University Jnanabharathi Campus, Bangalore 560056
Peenya Industrial Area is located on the north western suburbs of Bangalore city between 13 1'42"N and 77 30'45"E. It is the region's largest enclave of industrial units containing i 3,500 small scale industrial i 40 km 2 of land. The total population p within this zone totals is 3,50,000 The wetland ecosystem in the Peenya Industrial Area forms part of the Madhavara Lake Series located within the Vrishabavarthy basin in the outlying western zone of the city
2. Peenya Wtl Wetlands There are two major wetlands known: Karihobanahalli h and the Shivapura Nalakadarenahalli lake systems respectively. Karihobanhalli Lake has catchment area of 3.28 km 2 and the approximate water spread area of 34.81 hectares (ha.) Shivapura s total water spread area is15.5ha. These wetlands have been severely polluted by discharge of untreated and toxic industrial effluents from the surrounding industrial zone. Moreover, unauthorized solid waste dumping on the banks of the lakes have changed the water color, with serious foul odour
2.1 Map of Bangalore City and Wetlands
2.2. Karihobanahalli Lake
2.3. Shivapura Nalakadderanahalli Lake
3. Objectives Assessment of physico chemical parameters. This included ph, Color, Turbidity, Electrical Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Hardness, Sodium, Potassium, Calcium, Magnesium, Chlorides, Fluorides, Nitrates, Phosphates, and Sulphates,
31 3.1. Mt Materials il and Methods Mthd 8 Sampling points (Inflow, Mixed Zone, and Outflow) Digital Systronics ph Meter, Hach 890 Colorimeter (Color, Turbidity, Fluoride) TDS and Conductivity i Meter (TDS and EC) Plame Photometer (Na and K) EDTA Titration for Hardness, Ca, Mg. Silver Nitrate Titrations for Chlorides 6400 Jenway Spectrphotometer: p Turbidimetric Method for Sulphates Stannous Chloride for Orthophosphates Cd Reduction Methods for Nitrates
4.1. Comparison of ph in Peenya Wetlands 9 Variations in ph in the Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 8 7 6 5 ph 4 3 2 1 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura - Nalakakadarenahalli Lake
4.2. Comparison of Turbidity Levels in Peenya Wetlands Turbidity Levels of Peenya Industrial Area 10 9 8 7 6 NTU 5 4 3 2 1 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.3. Color Intensity in Peenya Wetlands Color variations in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 25 20 or (Hazen Units) Col 15 10 5 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.4. Electrical Conductivity in Peenya Wetlands Comparative Variations in Conductivity in the Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 6000 5000 4000 micr rosiemen/cm 3000 2000 1000 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.5. Comparison of Total Dissolved Solids in Peenya Wetlands Comparative variations in Total Dissolved Solids in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 3000 2500 2000 mg/l 1500 1000 500 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Kaihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.6. Total Hardness of Water in Peenya Wetlands Comparative Variations in Total Hardness Values in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 1200 1000 800 mg/l 600 400 200 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.7. Concentration of Sodium in Peenya Wetlands Comparative variations in Sodium ions in the Wetlands of peenya Industrial Area 900 800 700 600 mg/l 500 400 300 200 100 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.8. Concentration of Potassium in Peenya Wetlands Variations in Potassium Levels in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 80 70 60 50 mg/l 40 30 20 10 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.9. Concentration of Calcium in Peenya Wetlands Variations in Calcium Levels in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 250 200 150 mg/l 100 50 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.10. Concentration of Magnesium in Peenya Wetlands Variations in Magnesium Levels in Wetlands of Peenya Industrial Area 160 140 120 100 mg/l 80 60 40 20 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Karihobanahalli Lake Shivapura-Nallakadarenahalli Lake
4.11. Anionic Concentrations in Karihobanahalli Lake Variations in anionic chemical species in Karihobanahalli Lake, Peenya Industrial Area 1200 1000 800 mg/l 600 400 200 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Chlorides Fluorides Sulphates Phosphates Nitrates
4.12. Anionic Concentrations in Nalakadderanahalli Lake Variations in anionic chemical species in Shivapura-Nalakadarenahalli Lake, Peenya Industrial Area 1600 1400 1200 1000 mg/l 800 600 400 200 0 Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Months Chlorides Fluorides Sulphates Phosphates Nitrates
5. Conclusion The ph and EC shows the salinity nature of the lakes. The water is extremely hard and is unsuitable even for industrial use. Na, K, Ca, and Mg were above permissible limits indicating presence of other industrial metals in water. Chlorides were very high showing the open raw sewage entry into the lakes. Chlorides and Sulphates were above the limits indicating the open entry of industrial and nonindustrial effluents into the lakes.
6. Recommendations Declare the wetlands a hazard zone Ban all grazing animals and agricultural activities from this area. Declare a moratorium on fishing in this zone as the fish may be contaminated. Divert all industrial effluents into the lakes Isolate the lakes by fencing and blocking all routes that traverse through thelakebasins and bunds.
Biodiversity in Karihobanahalli
Shivapura Lake