EXTERIOR WALLS. exterior wall systems, cladding w/ masonry. chapters SUBJECT

SUBJECT EXTERIOR WALLS chapters 19 + 20 exterior wall systems, cladding w/ masonry DATE SPRING 2014 PROFESSOR MONTGOMERY

CLADDING W/ MASONRY & PRE CAST CONCRETE

CLADDING W/ BRICK MASONRY

CLADDING W/ MASONRY & PRE CAST CONCRETE

CLADDING W/ MASONRY & CONCRETE

this week objective: overview of the design considerations of exterior wall systems. overview of detailing and technical issues involved with the application of a masonry cladding on a steel or concrete frame structure. primary functions of exterior walls secondary functions of exterior walls basic concepts: load bearing versus cladding/curtain walls cladding in masonry: the shelf angle cladding in masonry: brick, stone, and pre cast concrete veneer and backup walls

DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS first impressions

PRIMARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 1. KEEP WATER OUT 2. PREVENT AIR LEAKAGE 3. CONTROL LIGHT 4. CONTROL RADIATION OF HEAT 5. CONTROL CONDUCTION OF HEAT 6. CONTROL SOUND DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS primary functions

SECONDARY FUNCTIONS OF AN EXTERIOR WALL:! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9. ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

!! 7. RESIST WIND LOADS 8. CONTROL WATER VAPOR 9.ADJUST TO MOVEMENT 10.RESIST FIRE 11.WEATHER GRACEFULLY 12.EASY TO INSTALL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS secondary functions

BARRIER WALL RAINSCREEN DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS two strategies

DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS rainscreen

DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS joints

DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS air barrier

LOAD BEARING WALLS CLADDING + CURTAIN WALLS!! MASONRY UNITS SUPPORT UNITS ABOVE FROM FOUNDATION TO ROOF EXTERIOR WALL IS SUPPORTED AT STORY OF THE BUILDING BY THE FRAME BEHIND!! WALL CARRIES SOME LOAD OF THE FLOOR LOADS WALL CARRIES NO LOADS OTHER THAN FORCES ACTING ON THAT PARTICULAR PANEL DESIGNING EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS basic concepts

CLADDING A FRAME frame construction

SHELF ANGLE CMU BACK UP WALL CONCRETE FRAME BRICK VENEER WALL CMU BACK UP WALL CLADDING W/ MASONRY ANCHOR FOR SHELF ANGLE ALLOWS FOR ADJUSTMENT shelf angle

STEEL SPANDREL BEAMS INSTALLED W/ PLATES FOR INSTALLATION OF STEEL ANGLE TO SUPPORT BRICK VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle

CONCRETE OR STEEL FRAME SUPPORTS BACK UP WALL. SHELF ANGLES TO SUPPORT BRICK VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle

SHELF ANGLE CONNECTIONS PLACED IN SLAB FORMWORK PRIOR TO POUR BUILDING PAPER/ FLASHING LAID OVER FIRST CMU COURSE CMU BACK UP WALL LAID FLUSH W/ SLAB EDGE CLADDING W/ MASONRY back up wall

SHELF ANGLE IS HUNG FROM FACE OF CONCRETE SLAB W/ ADJUSTABLE CONNECTIONS STAINLESS STEEL MASONRY TIES SET INTO CMU JOINTS AS BACKUP WALL IS LAID UP CLADDING W/ MASONRY shelf angle + back up wall

STEEL STUD BACK UP WALL SHELF ANGLES CMU BACK UP WALL FOR STONE VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY back up wall

CONCRETE FRAME CMU BACK UP WALL SHELF ANGLE BRICK VENEER WALL CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite walls

CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

CAVITY KEEPS WATER OUT MEMBRANE PREVENTS AIR LEAKAGE MASS + CAVITY CONTROL SOUND CAVITY REDUCES CONDUCTION OF HEAT CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

MEMBRANE CONTROLS WATER VAPOR (WARM SIDE) REINFORCED CMU RESISTS WIND LOADS MASONRY RESISTS FIRE STEEL TIES PROVIDE LATERAL SUPPORT TO VENEER CLADDING W/ MASONRY composite wall

R-VALUE: MEASURE OF THERMAL RESISTANCE! HIGH R VALUE = GOOD THERMAL RESISTANCE = HIGHER PERFORMANCE! MOST BUILDING MATERIALS HAVE A LISTED R-VALUE RESULTING FROM LAB TESTS THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery thermal resistance

U-VALUE: MEASURE OF THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE (OVERALL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT)! LOW U VALUE = REDUCED THERMAL TRANSFER = HIGHER PERFORMANCE! SOME BUILDING ELEMENTS LIKE WINDOWS ARE JUDGED BY U-VALUE RATHER THAN R-VALUE THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery thermal transmittance

U = 1 / R THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery relationship b/w R and U

rigid styrofoam insulation THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery batt fiber glass insulation insulation materials

THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery insulation materials

THERMAL INSULATION Professor Montgomery R-value of an assembly

MEASURING THE LOCATION OF THE DEW POINT IN A WALL ASSEMBLY.! THE DEW POINT IS:! THE POINT AT WHICH THE AIR IN THE WALL WILL REACH A TEMPERATURE WHERE IT CAN NO LONGER HOLD THE WATER VAPOR AS A GAS. THE WATER VAPOR WILL CONDENSE, TRANSFORMING TO A LIQUID THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery dew point

THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery condensation

A VAPOR RETARDER PREVENTS WARM MOIST AIR FROM CONTACTING COLD AIR, THUS PREVENTING CONDENSATION. THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery vapor retarder

VAPOR RETARDER RULE OF THUMB:! ALWAYS PLACE VAPOR RETARDER ON THE WARM SIDE OF THE INSULATION THERMAL + MOISTURE PERFORMANCE Professor Montgomery vapor retarder

CLADDING W/ MASONRY sequence of construction

MORTAR JOINTS WITHIN THE BRICK PANEL SOFT JOINTS AT SHELF ANGLES CLADDING W/ MASONRY brick veneer

SOFT JOINTS ALLOW STONE MOVEMENT CLADDING W/ MASONRY stone veneer

BACK UP CMU WALL SHELF ANGLE PRE CAST CONCRETE PANELS CLADDING W/ MASONRY pre cast concrete veneer

CLADDING W/ MASONRY pre cast concrete veneer

CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

CLADDING W/ MASONRY covering the frame

CLADDING W/ MASONRY + METAL panel construction

wrap up MASONRY CLADDING ENDOWS MODERN BUILDINGS WITH A SENSE OF PERMANENCE AND SOLIDITY. the relationship of the cladding and the structural framing must be carefully considered and detailed. movement and water penetration are significant issues for this type of construction craftsmanship is required to avoid visual and technical weaknesses. importance of a strategy for the staging of materials and the sequence of construction durability/longevity of cladding system is a challenge