ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMISSION FOR ASIA AND THE PACIFIC ASIAN AND PACIFIC CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND MACHINNERY ***************** MAJOR ISSUES IN THE DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION OF AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION AND ELECTRIFICATION IN VIETNAM Country Report for the Second Session of the TAC - APCAEM Venue: Beijing, China Time: from 24th to 25th, November, 2003 Source: from VIAEP - Hanoi - Vietnam
Background on the Vietnam Institute of agricultural engineering and post - harvest technology (Viaep) Functions and tasks The VIAEP is a key national scientific and technological institution in agricultural engineering and post-harvest. It has functions as follows: fundamental and applied research, transfer of technology, participating in quality management, post-graduate training and international cooperation in agricultural engineering and post-harvest technology for agriculture and rural development.
Principal Tasks 1. Scientific research Study on design, manufacture, operation and repair of systems of machines, equipment and technological processes for mechanization in cultivation, animal husbandry, irrigation and drainage, preservation and processing of agro-products, salt production, rural industries and agricultural production environment. Study on characteristics of physics-biology, bio-chemistry and microbiology in agro-products and foodstuff. Study on technologies for primary processing, preservation and processing of agro-products. Study on application of automation technology, electric energy and other types of energy for agricultural production; preservation and processing of agroproducts; salt production; and rural industries. 2. Implementation of measurement-calibration, testing and evaluation of quality of agricultural machinery and mechanical equipment; analysis of quality, establishment of agro-product standardization assigned by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. 3. Transfer of technology, consultancy on investment, services of technique, production and business in agricultural engineering and post-harvest. 4. Post-graduate training, cultivating knowledge for cadres and human resources for agricultural engineering and post-harvest. 5. Undertaking and development of cooperation contact on scientific research, technology transfer in agricultural engineering and post-harvest with organizations and individuals in domestic and abroad.
12. National Electrical Mechanical Laboratory - VILAS-019 Research Department 1. Dept. of Electrification and Automation 2. Dept. of Crop Cultivating Mechanization 3. Dept. of Harvesting Mechanization 4. Dept. of Animal Husbandry Mechanization 5. Dept. of Salt Producing Mechanization 6. Dept. of Post-harvest Microbiology 7. Dept. of Physiology and Biochemistry of Agro-products 8. Dept. of Technology and Equipment for Food Processing 9. Dept. of Technology and Equipment for Food Preservation 10. Dept. of By-product Treatment 11. Pilot workshop for Food Processing and Preservation
Sub - Institute and Centers 1. Sub-Institute of Agricultural Engineering & Postharvest Technology (in HCM City) 2. Center for Experiment and Technology Transfer in the Central (in Hue City) 3. Center for Consultancy on Investment and Technology Transfer 4. Center for measurement, Testing and Evaluation of Agricultural machinery 5. Center for Food Quality Control and Standardization 6. Center for Aero-hydraulic Machines, Irrigation and Drainage Mechanization 7. Center for Prototype Manufacture
current situation of Vietnam agricultural engineering Items 1. Tractors in all types 2. Electricity for agriculture 3. Water pump 4. Rice power thresher Statistical data 145.805 Increase compared with 1990 5,8 times 1,90 bn kwh 3,2 times 793.400 288.400 5. Paddy dryer 3.300 163.000 6. Small-sized rice mill 7. Vehicle for 111.925 agriculture 8. Power boat for 257.500 transportation 9. Animal feed 70 processing foundation foundations with industrial scale 29.000 10. Small-sized grinder 4,7 times 10 times 12 times Achievements 0,5 Hp/ha, land prepared by power tiller: 53,8% Irrigation: 7,5 mill. ha, made up 53%; drainage: 30% Percentage of threshing mechanization: 65% Supplying amount of feed of 15 20%
Expectation of development of some main types of machinery and equipment in 10 years Tab. 1 Items Achievements by the year 2005 by the year 2010 (1) (2) (3) 1. Farm power 1,2 1,3 p/ha 1,5 1,6 Hp/ha 2. Annual increase of tractors 5 7% 4 6% 3. Mechanization of seed and seedling production - Percentage of synchronous mechanization of seed processing 100% - Center for rice infant production and synchronous gradual seedling cultivation by industrial scale mechanization modernization 4. Mechanization of land preparation: percentage of land prepared by power tillers 55 70 75% 5. Percentage of cultivated area: - irrigating mechanization - draining mechanization 6. Cultivating mechanization: - rice transplanter - sowing machine, mainly in Mekong River Delta 7. Harvesting mechanization: - rice threshing mechanization - harvesting with combine harvester 50% 10 15% 80% 30% 70% 20 25% 90% 100% 50%
Tab. 2 (continued) (1) (2) (3) 8. Drying and preserving agro-products: - drying autumn-summer rice - drying winter maize - mechanization of storage warehouse system 9. Agro-products processing: - Fresh fruits and vegetables primarily processed by industrial method in comparison with the total amount - Percentage of fresh fruits and vegetables of intensive areas processed by industrial method - Percentage of export rice processed by industrially modernized method - Coffee and cotton processing industry 10. Mechanization of livestock breeding: - Growth rate of assorted animal feed production - Mechanization of animal shed (supplying feed, water, egg incubation, sanitary) - Establishment of advanced foundations for slaughter and meat processing 11. Manufacturing engineering branch: - Agricultural machinery requires of manufacturing engineering branch to produce - Annual output of engines less than 15 Hp - Installation and manufacture of tractors less than 35 Hp 40% 15% 80% 10 15% 40 50% 50% 90% 70% 90% 50% 30% 95% 10 15% 65 70% Establishing 20 foundations 50.000 60.000 /year 1.000 1.200 /year 60 70% 80.000 100.000 /year 1.800 2.000 /year
orientation of priority of agricultural engineering development in the 10 coming years * Mechanization of seed and seedling production: - Boosting mechanization of seed processing; - Developing production technique of infant rice seedling, nursery by industrial way. * Development of equipment and technique of water-saving irrigation for fruit, industrial and food crops. * Development of rice transplanter, seed-saved sowing machine. * Development of reaper, combine harvester for rice and maize. Applied study on harvesting sugarcane and cotton. * Supply of various dryers to meet the main needs of drying autumnsummer rice and winter maize in the Mekong River. * Rapid application of new equipment and technology to stages of harvesting, semi-processing, preservation and agro-products processing. Application of safe technology to cultivating and processing foodstuff, fruits and vegetables. * Study on utilization and supply of electrical energy and other energy sources for agriculture. * Study and supply machinery for sea -salt producing mechanization.
VIAEP is willing to cooperate with research institutions, production and business establishments in the areas of research, transfer of technologies in agricultural engineering and agro-product processing with members of APCAEM. Thanks for your attention!