RENEWABLE ENERGY IN BUILDINGS THE WAY OF THE FUTURE Mario Seneviratne FIMechE, PEng., LEED Faculty Member Managing Director - Green Technologies FZCO Secretary to the Board World Green Building Council
WORLD GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Transforming the Built Environment
REGULATIONS BENCH MARK typical building practices 70% MARKET SHIFT lawbreakers 5% DEGREE OF GREEN innovators market leaders & risk takers 20% 5%
KEY ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES Anomalous Climate Change Natural Resource Depletion Atmospheric Pollution and Acid Rain Contamination of Freshwater Resources Soil Erosion and Degradation Loss of Biodiversity
WASTE SHARE OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 45% 40% 40% 35% 30% 30% 25% 20% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% CO2 Emissions Solid Waste Water Effluents Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
RESOURCE USAGE SHARE OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 45% 40% 40% 35% 30% 30% 25% 20% 20% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Energy Raw Materials Water Land Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
GREEN BUILDING AN IMPORTANT PART OF THE SOLUTION
INTERNATIONAL RATING SYSTEMS
GREEN BUILDING RATING SYSTEMS ADOPTED AROUND THE WORLD LEED (US and Non US) BREEAM (UK and Non UK) HQE (France) Green Mark (Singapore) Green Star (Australia) Miljostatus (Sweden) PromisE (Finland) EcoQuantum (Netherlands) DGNB (Germany) CASBEE (Japan) EcoProfile (Norway) onebeat (Denmark) GBTool (Multiple Countries) Green Globe
TOP PRIORITIES IN GREEN BUILDING 100% 90% 92% 80% 70% 60% 64% 59% 56% 50% 40% 30% 27% 20% 10% 0% Energy Efficiency Sustainable Materials Health and Wellbeing Water Efficiency Sustainable Site Location Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION eduction ecovery enewables Effort Bar
FORMS OF ENERGY Source: www.eia.doe.gov
Current and Future Carbon Footprints gco2/kwh 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Current lowest footprint Future lowest footprint 0-100 Coal Gas Biomass PV Marine Hydro Wind Nuclear -200
WASTE SHARE OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 45% 40% 40% 35% 30% 30% 25% 20% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% CO2 Emissions Solid Waste Water Effluents Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
GROWTH OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY SOURCE 80% 70% 60% 50% 52% 76% 57% 45% The number of projects not using Renewable Energy will drop dramatically 40% 33% 2008 30% 20% 10% 20% 22% 14% 9% 11% 2013 0% Solar Power Wind Power Geothermal Power Other No Renewable Energy Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
GROWTH OF RENEWABLE ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY REGION 70 60 62.4 50 40 30 20 10 26.3 15.9 45.2 21.7 25.7 World OECD Middle East 0 0.1 0.6 1990 2010 2030 0.8 Source: www.eia.doe.gov
45% 30% 15% 0% THE EU TARGET FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY 20% BY 2020 49% 42% 38% 30% 34% 31% 13% 16% 13% 18% 25% 16% 18% 20% 23% 17% 13% 23% 13% 11% 10% 14% 15% 24% 25% 14% 21.48% 15% Belgium Bulgaria The Czech Republic Denmark Germany Estonia Ireland Greece Spain France Italy Cyprus Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Hungary Malta The Netherlands Austria Poland Portugal Romania Slovenia The Slovak Republic Finland Sweden United Kingdom Source: www.publications.parliament.uk
UAE CURRENT SCENARIO UAE Energy Matrix 2% Natural Gas Oil 98% Source: www.middleeastelectricity.com Largest Ecological Footprint in the World Demand for Electricity = 2 x Global Average (7-10% per year) 3% of GDP relies on gas and oil Non-Annex 1 Party to the Kyoto Protocol since January 2005
UAE BY 2020 UAE Energy Matrix 7% Renewable Energy Natural Gas & Oil 93% Source: www.arabian business.com Thermal power generation will fall from 1,005twh to 994.76twh by 2011.
Cost Effective Green Design 1. Improved Façade/Envelope 2. Day Lighting 3. Lower Lighting Power 4. Code Compliant HVAC System 5. Grey Water Treatment 6. Low Flow Water Fixture 7. Solar Hot Water Heating
Day Lighting Passive Solar
Solar Thermal Green Building Guidelines
Solar PV Efficiency Ranges efficient commercially available module (18% 6%) Most expensive to produce Clean Energy and easy to make use of 4/22/2009 Lana El Chaar Petroleum Institute
RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT INCENTIVES Climate Change Positive Corporate Responsibility Image Economically Feasible (Solar Hot water) Double Duty (Shading) Government Incentives Trade Offs
OBSTACLES SLOWING THE GROWTH OF RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT High capital investment Geographical limitations
WASTE SHARE OF THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 45% 40% 40% 35% 30% 30% 25% 20% 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% CO2 Emissions Solid Waste Water Effluents Source: Global Green Building Trends, SmartMarket Report
Current and Future Carbon Footprints gco2/kwh 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 Current lowest footprint Future lowest footprint 0-100 Coal Gas Biomass PV Marine Hydro Wind Nuclear -200
HYDROGEN POWERED BUILDINGS Over 100 buildings currently being powered by Hydrogen Environmental Energy Technology Centre, Rotherham, Yorkshire, UK The First Wind & Hydrogen Powered Building In Europe 4, Times Square, New York City, USA 40% Energy Savings from 200kW Fuel Cells and Solar Cells
Range of Carbon Footprints for UK & European Low Carbon Technologies 100 90 80 grass (miscanthus) direct combustion Highest footprint gco2/kwh 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 wood chip gasification UK Southern Europe range for UK wave Energy converters reservoir Storage run-of-river offshore onshore UK (Torness) Sweden (Ringhals) Lowest footprint 0 Biomass PV Marine Hydro Wind Nuclear Source: DTI, UK Elsayed et. al. 2004 Source: Northumbria, Uni UK, 2006 (based on Utrecht Uni study 2000) Source: Carbon Trust UK 2006 Source: WEC non-alpine European 2004 Source: Vestas, Denmark & BWEA, UK 2005 Source: Vestas, Denmark & BWEA, UK 2005
WORLD GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL Transforming the Built Environment
RENEWABLE ENERGY IN BUILDINGS THE WAY OF THE FUTURE Mario Seneviratne FIMechE, PEng., LEED Faculty Member Managing Director - Green Technologies FZCO Secretary to the Board World Green Building Council