Need for Decentralised Waste Management in Zanzibar Swati Singh Sambyal Programme Manager Centre for Science and Environment New Delhi, India
About CSE and its intervention in Zanzibar
37 years, 170+ staff, learning, sharing & pushing for change in Global South Policy research & advocacy Sustainable mobility & Clean Air Sustainable habitat Sustainable industrialisation Documenting to build knowledge Knowledge portal Climate change Resource Centre Disseminating knowledge Down To Earth Gobar Times CSE Websites Books Training & education Green School Programme Media Resource Centre Anil Agarwal Green College Sustainable urban & rural water management Climate change Renewable energy Food safety & toxins Films Regulators training South-South Learning, training and capacity building
Our purpose as a top-rated environmental think-tank To understand the emerging issues of environmental management To understand what efforts are being made by government, businesses and people and what can be done further To identify possible areas of work and collaboration Our common objective: Securing a clean and healthy environment as countries grows economically
CSE s association with Zanzibar Experience Sharing Workshop on Compliance Monitoring & Enforcement was held for African Nations Nairobi, Kenya (14-16 th March 2016) Scoping visit to Zanzibar to understand existing waste management regimes (22-27 August, 2017) A stakeholder consultation workshop was held to discuss the major findings of the scoping report (29 August, 2017)
Experience Sharing Workshop on Compliance and Enforcement, 14-16th March 2016, Nairobi, Kenya
Stakeholder consultation workshop in Zanzibar 29 August 2016
MoU signing between CSE and ZEMA 27 January, 2017
Broad areas that CSE-ZEMA shall work on Framing of National Strategy on Waste Management in association with other stakeholders Training and capacity building of regulatory officials on various aspects- waste management. Pilot on decentralised waste management
Meeting to discuss framework for decentralised waste management in Zanzibar, 27 th January, 2017
Meeting on adoption of decentralised pilot in Zanzibar, 6 July 2017
Meeting to finalise Integrated Policy on Waste Management, 6-7 September, 2017
Waste Segregation for Clean Zanzibar programme launched in Shaurimoyo, Zanzibar on 6 September, 2017 for better solid waste management in Shaurimoyo With a tripartite partnership between Zanzibar Environmental Management Authority (ZEMA), Zanzibar Urban Municipal Council (ZUMC) and Centre for Science & Environment (CSE)
Brief profile of Shaurimoyo, Zanzibar Population of Shaurimoyo: 5800, 626 HH Population of 200 HHs: 1000-1500 Why small sample size? To check the feasibility of the project and device suitable methodologies for its replication in other areas of Zanzibar
Objective Create a pilot for 200 HHs to demonstrate decentralised waste management model Achieve 100 percent source segregation Compost wet waste Channelize dry waste to recyclers Incentivise Waste Collector Create market linkages for compost and make it a business model to benefit informal sector/municipality This pilot could be replicated across Zanzibar, including commercial areas and hotels Make Zanzibar a ZERO LANDFILL ISLAND, if achieves, becomes the only in East Africa
Why decentralised? - Tourism is instrumental to Zanzibar s economy - Need better waste management - If littering continues, no one will be interested to visit Zanzibar - Want it to be the cleanest island across Africa - Decentralised solution is the future- segregate at source, treat at source, do not waste vast lands for dumpsites
Benefits of decentralised waste management Reduced dependence on land for disposal of waste. The space required for the landfills is reduced by 90 per cent. Reduced cost of collection and transportation. Additional resources will be generated from composting and recycling, as more than 90 per cent of waste can be recycled and reused. Environmental costs incurred due to pollution of land, water and air from unsanitary landfills will be reduced drastically.
Role and responsibility ZEMA/ DoE Plays an important role in ensuring the project attains completion Reviews progress from time to time Removes major roadblocks Push for replication of pilot Centre for Science and Environment Coordinator and facilitator Provision of technical support Capacity building Propagation support Initial infrastructural support Zanzibar Urban Municipal Council (ZUMC) Implementation partner Propagation on the ground Linkages for marketing Implementor Collection &Transport Infrastructure (MRF, processing facility) and manpower support
What have we achieved so far?
Timeline of pilot August 2016 - Scoping July 2017 - Sensitization programme for Shaurimoyo workers July 2017 - Mapping of 200 HHs September 2017 Launch of pilot (Implementation) February 2018 Monitoring
Sensitization programme for Shaurimoyo workers, July 2017
Door to door propagation in 200 households Shaurimoyo has about 1000-1500 population
Door to door Propagation, in 200 Households (HHs) wards (about 1000-1500 population) Door to door propagation by CSE & ZUMC staff explaining to residents the importance of segregation in July 2017
IEC material for propagation
Public event during the launch of decentralised pilot project in Shaurimoyo, 6 th September, 2017
Launch of decentralised pilot on waste management in Shaurimoyo
Distribution of one bin and two bags to 200 HHs
Process of Waste Management in Shaurimoyo area Segregation of waste Wet, Dry and Domestic hazardous waste Wet waste goes to composting pit Segregated dry waste is stored plastic PET, glass, paper - further sent to dealer/ recycler Domestic hazardous waste (sanitary napkins, diapers) goes to municipal bins
Over 90% households are giving segregated waste
WET WASTE MANAGEMENT Segregated wet waste collected by the Shaurimoyo waste management society collector
Segregated wet waste
Segregation of wet waste by the HHs Great progress as even in countries where segregation is happening, such a high percentage is not witnessed
45-60 kg of wet waste goes to composting site everyday
800 kg of compost has been sold so far by local society @1000 Tsh/kg
3 months after the pilot launch unsieved compost
Sieved compost
Compost sale in exhibition, Ministry of Industry, Commercial and Marketing, 16-20 January 2018 Compost brand name: Shaurimoyo ward development society (SHAWADESCO) 1000 Tanzanian shillings (Tsh) for 1kg packet.
Sale of first compost product
Compost product 330 kg @1000 Tsh (0.44 USD) per packet sold
DRY WASTE MANAGEMENT
DRY WASTE COLLECTED TILL DATE FROM HOUSEHOLDS 360-400 kg of dry waste gets collect per month (3040 kg approx. for 8 months, sold to local dealers who channelises it to Dar)
Revenue from dry waste to waste collectors Plastic sold to franchise 150 Tsh /kg Glass sold to franchise 200 Tsh /kg Revenue from plastic per week =150*28 = 4200 Tsh Revenue from glass per week = 200*2 = 400 Tsh Monthly revenue for waste collector from sale of dry waste = (4200+400)*4 = 18400 Tsh
Cleanliness drive (dumpsite converted to a beautiful processing site and learning centre)
Plantation drive: 31 st January, 2018
Mesh Fencing, 3 rd February, 2018
Transformation after a month 6 th March, 2018 vegetables produced was sold for about 200000 Tsh
Wall painting in Shaurimoyo to spread awareness on segregation
Stakeholders meeting to discuss replication of Shaurimoyo decentralised waste management pilot, 9 th March 2018
Officials from different municipal councils in the stakeholders meeting, 9 th March 2018
Site visit at Shaurimoyo pilot area, 9 th March 2018
Shredding and sieving machine for compost at Shaurimoyo
Replication of pilot in Mpendae, April 2018 Site made of PET bottles and cement, funded by ZUSP
WHAT NEXT?
We are clear, that decentralised waste management is the most sustainable option, waste is resource, needs to be looked like that We have one successful pilot, another site at Mpendae, this needs to be replicated across the island This is also economically viable, municipal councils can achieve breakeven in 1 year through such an intervention Develop policy/legislation based on the principles of waste minimisation, segregation and processing, this would further cement this work