Time to Teach, Learn and Practice Science Safely Christina Dillard, Assistant Director James Kaufman, Director 192 Worcester Road, Natick, MA 01760 (508) 647-1900 info@labsafety.org
TRAINING PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AUDITS & INSPECTIONS REGULATORY COMPLIANCE AV LENDING LIBRARY REFERENCE LIBRARY INTERNET DISCUSSION LIST MINI-GRANTS
Sources of Infection Oral aspiration Pipetting Inoculating loops Accidental syringe injections Animal bites or contact Spray from syringes Centrifuge accidents Broken containers www.labsafety.org C-1
Other Potential Hazards Bloodborne Pathogens Careless culturing Autoclaves Allergic reactions Ether and other chemicals Eating in the laboratory Sonication Electroporation Popping tube caps Vortexing Flow cytometry Centrifugation www.labsafety.org
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Field Work Precautions Visit site before List of workers Plans for emergencies First Aid Equipment Communication devices www.labsafety.org C-2
Biological Wastes Cultures/stocks or infectious agents or biologicals Blood and blood products Sharps Contaminated liquids Contaminated equipments Fermentation broths Tissue cultures
State-by-State Regulations for Medical Waste
Accidents Associated with Laboratory Acquired Infections Accident Number (%) Reported Splash/spray 188 (26.7%) Needlestick 177 (25.2%) Sharps 112 (15.9%) Pipetting 92 (13.1%) Unknown 39 (5.5%)
Nearly 50 students in Franklin, MA sick with salmonella
University of Chicago researcher dies after exposure to plague bacteria
Advice from CDC to prevent future outbreaks Develop biosafety guidelines for work with pathogens. Use non-pathogenic or attenuated bacterial strains. Personnel must be aware of potential hazards and trained and proficient in the practices and techniques. Watch for symptoms, call health care provider if you or a family member have any of these symptoms. Require students and employees to wash their hands before leaving the laboratory. Lab coats only leave lab to be cleaned by the institution. No food, drinks or personal items like car keys, cell phones and mp3 players used while in the lab. Provide students with dedicated writing utensils, paper, and other supplies at each laboratory station.
BREAK the chain of infection
Chain of Infection Risk Assessment Reservoir of pathogen Portal of escape Transmission Route of entry / infectious dose Susceptible host Incubation period Facilities Practices / Equipment PPE Access control / Immunization Surveillance
What is Biosafety? Biosafety describes the containment principles, technologies and practices that are implemented to prevent the unintentional exposure to biological agents and toxins, or their accidental release.
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Biohazard Risk Assessment 1. What is the biohazard or procedure involving a potential biohazard? 2. What is the worst thing that can happen? (Consequences! to personnel & community) 3. How common are adverse incidents? (LAI s -- Rare, Moderate, Frequent) 4. Are you prepared? (Emergency Planning, Treatment options, Medical Surveillance) 5. What are the Control Measures? (elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative, PPE, altered work practices, training)
Biosafety Program Components
Engineering Controls/Equipment Biological Safety Cabinets (Class II) Ventilated cabinet Provides personnel, product, and environmental protection Open front with inward airflow for personnel protection Downward HEPA filtered laminar airflow for product protection HEPA filtered exhaust air for environmental protection
Class II Cabinets Type A
Laminar Flow Hood No Personnel Protection
Key Resources Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (BMBL),5 th U.S. Department of Health and Human Services http://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/biosfty/bmbl5/bm bl5toc.htm National Institutes of Health Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules (NIH Guidelines) October 2011 http://oba.od.nih.gov/oba/rac/guidelines/ nih_guidelines.htm
Key Resources Laboratory Biosafety Manual, 3rd Ed. World Health Organization, 2004 http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications /biosafety/who_cds_csr_lyo_2004_1 1/en/ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Health and Safety (website) http://www.cdc.gov/od/ohs/
Key Resources ABSA Risk Group Classification for Infectious Agents http://www.absa.org/riskgroups/ index.html Public Health Agency of Canada -Material Safety Data Sheets for Infectious Substances http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/msds-ftss/ www.labsafetyinstitute.org
Christina Dillard, Assistant Director James Kaufman, Director 192 Worcester Road, Natick, MA 01760 (508) 647-1900 info@labsafety.org