Data Exploitation della missione PRISMA, precursore delle missioni iperspettrali nazionali Roma, 1-3 marzo 2017 METODOLOGIE E APPROCCI PER OSSERVAZIONI IPERSPETTRALI IN ACQUE COSTIERE E INTERNE Federica Braga In collaboration with Claudia Giardino, Mariano Bresciani (IREA-CNR) and Vittorio E. Brando (ISAC-CNR)
Coastal and inland waters: physical and ecological complex systems Water Framework Directive Integrated Coastal Zone Management Bathing Water Directive Marine Strategy Framework Directive Maritime Spatial Planning ~ 457 lakes 7.750 km of coastline
Coastal and inland waters: optical complexity Pure water reflects a max of 5% of incident light, i.e. the radiant flux in water is subject to transmission, absorption and scattering processes, which strongly reduce the upwelling energy. Phytoplankton TSM CDOM Bare soil Submerged vegetation Water depth
Reflectance Coastal and inland waters: Hyperspectral data APEX Airborne and satellite Images IOP (in situ and laboratory analyses) MIVIS PROBA 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 1 b b particle [m-1] 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.14 0.12 0.1 AOP (in situ and simulated) Curonia Adratico meridionale Alto Adriatico Garda Mantova Po Oristano HICO 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 0 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 Wavelenght (nm) HYPERION
Coastal and inland waters: approaches and methodologies Semi-empirical algorithms Based on statistical correlation between spectral bands and biogeophysical parameters (radiometric index) Physical based models Spectral inversion procedures of bio-optical model which relate optical properties and Reflectance High contribution of the main optically active substance, which causes specific features When optically active substances are mixed, the reflectance signal should be deconvolved, through bio-optical models, to simultaneously estimate concentrations of water constituents
Coastal and inland waters: products and applications Hydrology, Coastal dynamics and processes Northern Adriatic Sea - HICO Assessment of water quality parameters Monitoring of river plumes Analysis of lagoon-sea exchange Bio-optical model Semi-empirical Algorithm TSM [mg/l] 0 10 100 500 1000 0 2 4 6 Concentrazione di chl-a [µg/l] 0 2 4 6 Concentrazione di TSM [mg/l] 0 0.5 1 1.5 Concentrazione di CDOM [m - 1 ]
Coastal and inland waters: products and applications Management of aquatic ecosystems Mantua Lakes - APEX To differentiate phytoplankton functional types, algal pigments are detected based on radiometric indexes involving those wavelengths sensitive to pigments variations. Biophysical parameters of emerging vegetation LAI Semi-empirical Algorithm + Bio-optical model PC Index Phytoplankton functional types
Coastal and inland waters: products and applications Management of aquatic ecosystems Trasimeno Lake - MIVIS Bio-optical model The colonisation patterns of submerged vegetation reflect the spatial distribution of SPM concentrations, in particular, SPM conc is lower near submerged vegetation. MIVIS Interaction between total suspended sediments and macrophytes
bottom depth [m] bottom depth [m] bottom depth [m] bottom depth [m] Coastal and inland waters: products and applications Management of aquatic ecosystems Garda Lake - MIVIS Macrophytes coverage and water depth 1997 2005 2010 2011 Macrophyte distribution depends on water depth. Correlation with water level and water clarity 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1997 <10 10-40 40-70 70-100 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 sparse moderate dense extensive 2005 2010 2011 0 <10 10-40 40-70 70-100 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 <10 10-40 40-70 70-100 <10 10-40 40-70 70-100 Water Transparency (m) Water Depth (m) 10 8 6 4 2 0 20 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Year Dense Macrophytes Sparse Macrophytes Water Level Fluctuation Water Transparency 120 100 80 60 40 Water Level Fluctuation (cm) Bio-optical model
Coastal and inland waters: products and applications Coastal processes and dynamics River Po Delta Landsat 8 Semi-empirical Algorithm Mapping turbidity patterns Po River discharge. Green dots indicate Landsat 8 acquisitions.
Conclusions PRISMA
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