How LEED v4 Impacts Energy Professionals and Mirrors Broader Sustainability Trends Dan LeBlanc Senior Sustainability Manager dleblanc@yrgxyz.com
LEED CERTIFICATION TRENDS MARKET SECTOR ADAPTATIONS Data Centers Warehouses and Distribution Centers Hospitality Existing Buildings for Schools Existing Buildings for Retail Homes Multifamily Midrise
LEED CERTIFICATION TRENDS LEED v4 SYSTEM GOALS
LEED CERTIFICATION TRENDS LEED v4 SYSTEM GOALS
Integrative Process
Simple box model to evaluate site conditions, massing and orientation, envelope, lighting levels, thermal comfort ranges, plug and process load needs, operating parameters (min 2) Water Budget Analysis (supply, demand, reuse) Show how all this is getting into the BOD and OPR
Performance in Water Efficiency WATER EFFICIENCY NC
Big Picture Addressing all water uses including fixtures & fittings, process, appliance, cooling towers, and outdoor water. Focus on measuring water use through fundamental building metering requirements. Additional points in credit for metering of subsystems.
Prerequisite: Outdoor Water Use Reduction Prerequisite: Indoor Water Use Reduction Prerequisite: Building Level Water Metering Credit: Outdoor Water Use Reduction Credit: Indoor Water Use Reduction Credit: Cooling Tower Water Use Credit: Water Metering
NC Highlights: Indoor water (up to 6 points, 50%): includes fixtures, process, appliance, cooling towers (Preq: standards for appliances and process water) New credit: Cooling Tower Water Use (M&V for CTW) New Credit: Water Metering (sub metering)
Indoor Water Prerequisite Standards
Water Metering Install permanent water meters for two or more of the following: Irrigation Indoor plumbing fixtures and fittings Domestic hot water - 80% of the installed capacity Boiler using >100,000 gallons/yr or > 500,000 BtuH (150 kw) Reclaimed water Other process water - 80% of expected daily water consumption for process end uses, such as humidification systems, dishwashers, clothes washers, pools, other HC requires five more
Defining Performance in Energy & Atmosphere ENERGY AND ATMOSPHERE NC
Big Picture Minimum Energy Performance: five percent above ASHRAE 90.1-2010; minimum ENERGY STAR score now 75. New credit for Demand Response. Building level energy metering required for all projects.
Prerequisite: Fundamental Commissioning and Verification Prerequisite: Minimum Energy Performance Prerequisite: Building-Level Energy Metering Prerequisite: Fundamental Refrigerant Management Credit: Enhanced Commissioning Credit: Optimize Energy Performance Credit: Advanced Energy Metering Credit: Demand Response Credit: Renewable Energy Production Credit: Enhanced Refrigerant Management Credit: Green Power and Carbon Offsets
NC Energy Highlights: ASHRAE 90.1-2010 (min 5% better) Cx now includes water, IEQ, durability Enhanced Cx options for Monitoring Based and Envelope No more M&V; moved to Enhanced Cx, Fundamental and Advanced Metering Renewables - 1,5,10% (3 pts), can t be included in EAp2 Green power now includes carbon offsets New credit for Demand Response
Fundamental Cx Requirements: Building Envelope Thermal Performance (BOD) Building occupancy and equipment run-time schedules, setpoints, lighting levels, min OA requirements (CFR and O&M Plan) Enhanced Cx (3 pts) Options: Monitoring-based Cx (1pt) quarterly energy analysis, point identification Envelope Cx options (2 pts) Informed by the model
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 Mandatory provisions (required of all projects): Whole-building air barrier Automatic receptacle control, 50% of private/open offices and classrooms Lighting power densities, most have decreased slightly Mandatory daylighting, spaces > 250 feet of sidelighted area Automatic lighting controls (e.g. occupancy sensors or timers) required for more types of spaces, and in many cases vacancy or auto-50% on Lighting in most spaces must have a setting between off and full on
ASHRAE 90.1 2010 Prescriptive requirements: Heat Recovery required for more systems in more climate zones Economizers required for all climate zones Explicit efficiency requirements for VRF systems and CRAC units Higher efficiency requirements for other cooling equipment Little change to envelope requirements for most climate zones
ENERGY CODE PROGRESS
90.1-2010 Case studies: Mixed-use Office 172,000 SF in Colorado 100,000 office 30,000 Fitness 42,000 retail 40% WWR, high-performance envelope VAV w/ fan powered reheat DCV, DX w/ evaporative condensers 40% LPD reductions w/ daylight dimming 80 kw PV system
90.1-2010 Case studies: Mixed Use ENERGY MODELING RESULTS Total Energy Cost ASHRAE 90.12007 ASHRAE 90.1 2010 Baseline $211,247 $165,070 Proposed Design $121,917 43.21% 26.0%
90.1-2010 Case studies: Office Building 228,000 SF office with 264,000 SF Garage in Colorado High eqt and people density 32% WWR Aggressive lighting design with LED s VAV air handlers AC chiller, Condensing boiler Fan-powered and standard VAV boxes Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The WeidtGroup. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green ASHRAE 90.1-2007 vs ASHRAE 90.1-2010: What s the Big Deal?
90.1-2010 Case studies: Office Building Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The WeidtGroup. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green, ASHRAE 90.1-2007 vs ASHRAE 90.1-2010: What s the Big Deal?
90.1-2010 Case studies: Elementary School 81,000 SF in Illinois 17,000 SF renovation 64,000 SF addition 23% WWR Aggressive lighting design with LED s VAV air handlers AC chiller, Condensing boiler Heat Recovery Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The WeidtGroup. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green ASHRAE 90.1-2007 vs ASHRAE 90.1-2010: What s the Big Deal?
90.1-2010 Case studies: Elementary School Courtesy of Mandy Redfield, The WeidtGroup. 04/17/2014, Rocky Mountain Green ASHRAE 90.1-2007 vs ASHRAE 90.1-2010: What s the Big Deal?
Advanced Energy Metering: Install meters for energy end uses that represent 10% or more of the total annual consumption of the building. Must be permanently installed, record at intervals of one hour or less, and transmit data to a remote location. The data collection system must use a local area network, building automation system, wireless network, etc. Capable of storing all metered data for at least 36 months. The data must be remotely accessible. All meters capable of reporting hourly, daily, monthly, and annual energy use.
Demand Response: Participate in an existing demand response (DR) program and complete the following activities. Design a system with the capability for real-time, fullyautomated DR based on external initiation by a DR Program Provider. Semi-automated DR may be utilized in practice. Enroll in a minimum one-year DR participation for at least 10% of the estimated peak electricity demand. Peak demand is determined under EAp2.
INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY NC
Big Picture Category focused on key indicators of ventilation, lighting, acoustics, and occupant experience. More performance-based credits focused on health and wellbeing outcomes. Emissions based approach to materials.
Prerequisite: Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance Prerequisite: Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control Credit: Enhanced Indoor Air Quality Strategies Credit: Low-Emitting Materials Credit: Construction IAQ Management Plan Credit: Indoor Air Quality Assessment Credit: Thermal Comfort Credit: Interior Lighting Credit: Daylight Credit: Quality Views Credit: Acoustic Performance
NC Highlights: No more smoking rooms Air Quality Performance (instead of outdoor air delivery monitoring increased ventilation, and source control) Enter ASHRAE 62.1-2010; 55-2010 VOC: emissions not content Thermal comfort: combined into one (design and control) New Interior Lighting credit (controllability and quality) Views now Quality Views Daylight: way better metrics New Acoustic Performance credit (from Schools and HC)
ASHRAE 62.1-2010 All kitchens vented to the outdoors Natural ventilation openings have to be permanently open or kept open during occupancy, needs to be monitored Makes mechanical ventilation much more likely Air flow monitoring required
Interior Lighting Choose four of the following strategies: A. For all regularly occupied spaces, use light fixtures with a luminance of less than 2,500cd/m2 between 45 and 90 degrees from nadir. w/ exceptions B. For the entire project, use light sources with a CRI of 80 or higher. w/ exceptions C. For 75% of the total connected lighting load, use light sources that have a rated life (or L70 for LED sources) of at least 24,000 hours (at 3-hour per start, if applicable). D. Use direct-only overhead lighting for 25% or less of the total connected lighting load for all regularly occupied spaces. E. For 90% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet the following for area-weighted average surface reflectance: 85% for ceilings, 60% for walls, and 25% for floors. F. Furniture finishes to meet the following for area-weighted average surface reflectance: 45% for work surfaces, and 50% for movable partitions. G. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average wall surface illuminance to average work plane (or surface, if defined) illuminance that does not exceed 1:10. H. For 75% of the regularly occupied floor area, meet ratio of average ceiling illuminance to work surface illuminance that does not exceed 1:10.
Daylight Option 1. Simulation: Spatial Daylight Autonomy (2 3 points) Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that spatial daylight autonomy 300/50% (sda300/50%) of at least 55% or 75% (2-3 pts, NC). Demonstrate through annual computer simulations that annual sunlight exposure 1000,250 (ASE1000,250) of no more than 10% is achieved. SDA = % of floor area exceeding 300 lux for 50% of hrs between 8am-6pm ASE = percent of floor area where more than 250 hours per year have direct sun (>= 1000 lux) incident on the surface
cda
RESOURCES USGBC Credit library: usgbc.org/credits Intro to LEED v4 free two hours GBCI and AIA Reference guides: usgbc.org/leedv4 LEEDuser Sample documentation, checklists, practitioners USGBC Colorado LEED Experts: December 2013 Live education sessions 2014
LEED v4 and After Dan LeBlanc, Senior Sustainability Manager yrgxyz.com