Thailand Economy Presentation on Hydrogen Demonstrations By Pipon Boonchanta Codes and Standards Hydrogen Workshop for APEC Economies May 16, 2005
THAILAND Target of new renewable energy in 2011 1200 1000 1040 8% of total energy consumption Heating source 60% or 6,540 ktoe Electricity 16% MW 800 600 400 200 0 200 100 100 350 Solar Wind MSW Biomass Mini hydro 1,060 ktoe 50 Solar home system Manufacturing/ Agriculture 3,910 ktoe Biomass and biogas: Liquid Biofuel 24% MSW, industrial waste water and manure 1,570 ktoe Transportation
THAILAND: Target of new renewable energy in 2011 1,570 ktoe as Liquid Biofuel for Transportation and Agriculture 1200 ktoe 1000 800 600 400 200 Ethanol, 970 Biodiesel, 600 1 M. Litres/D in 2006 3 M. Litres/D in 2011 172 M. Litres in 2006 720 M. Litres in 2011 0
Natural gas Bio-diesel Ethanol National Agenda for Alternative Fuels
Roadmap for Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology in Thailand Proposed by Pavadee Aungkavattana Researcher, National Metal and Materials Technology center (MTEC) Vision Goals Hydrogen, the fuel for fuel cells will offer Thailand opportunities for the independence on imported oil, improving air quality, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen is clean and safe, and can be produced from Thai variety of fossil fuels, and renewable resources.
Outline Proposed for Thailand Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Roadmap 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 Business/Market Product/Service Smal portable handheld electronic devices (PEMFC) Small stationary Generator (1-3kW) SOFC, PEMFC H 2 Safety Unit 500W-3kW PEMFC 1-3kW SOFC FC Test Station Small mobile FC<10kW Vehicle auxiliary power unit, golf carts, electric wheelchair, Forklifts, Scooter 3-5kW SOFC 5-10kW PEMFC H 2 Storage H 2 Code & Standard BOP for FC Small Emergency (<25kW) Backup Power, Government Bldg., small hospital, small remote industrial mines 100W-30kW CRFC Medium stationary & Mobile FC(25-100kW) small vehicles, buses, Telecom facility, Remote OP, Co-Gen Power 10-30 kw SOFC 50-100kW PEMFC Co-generation w/ Microturbine & Steam turbine Center of Excellence for Bio-Hydrogen in S.E. Asia H 2 Economy Prototype FC Vehicle using H 2 fuel H 2 infrastructure for Transportation Direct H 2 production from Renewable H 2 from Bio-Reactor Technology H 2 from Electrolysis Size Reduction of Bio-Reactor by Metabolic Engineering Reforming and Gasification from conventional fuels and renewable Efficiency Improvement of Bio-Reactor Improve efficiency of H 2 production from Electrolysis Fossil fuel-based Economy Development of DMFC & DAFC Improve Efficiency of PEMFC
Code and Standards There are no national code and standards for Hydrogen at the presence Existing International Standards and Global Technical Regulations are normally used both in practice and in formulating the National Codes and Standards Thai Industrial Standard Institute (TISI), under the Ministry of Industries, is primarily the responsible organization for standard formulation, specially for industrial products Other related organizations are the Land Transport Department and the Department of Energy Business
Government Policies and Incentives No real policy toward utilization of Hydrogen as an alternative fuel in the near future Wait and See is the Government s s attitude toward Hydrogen utilization Incentives are limited to general funding of research works in academic institutions
Research and Development Limited to academic interests Interest in Hydrogen utilization in internal combustion engines Interest in Hydrogen production Interest in Hydrogen storage technology for use with fuel cell
Ongoing Research Works and Demonstrations Reforming and Gasification from Ethanol and Methanol Hydrogen production from natural gas and biogas Study of Water-Gas Shift Reaction Study of CO Selective Oxidation Development work on Hydrogen storages for use with fuel cell
Intermediate Technology Technology of natural gas utilization in vehicles is well established in Thailand Gas storage by compression up to 200 bars is a normal practice Code of practice and regulation follow those of ECE, ANSI, NFPA and ISO Hydrogen utilization technology is visualized as the next phase following that of natural gas