CO2 solutions 27-28 February 2018
Summary Overview of regulations Overview of Rivacold solution CO2 carbon dioxide CO2 Rivacold solution Case History 2
1. Overview of regulations
Overview of regulations ENVIRONMENTAL RESPECT TEWI = Total Equivalent Warning Impact Reduction of TEWI is most important measure to fight global warning TEWI = Direct emission + Indirect emission Refrigerant Leakage Energy consumption Different types of applications have different composition of TEWI 4
Overview of regulations Gas GWP- Global protection warning GWP 3985 3922 2107 1825 1774 1430 1387 1397 2140 605 631 High GWP Low GWP Gas GWP 7 4 3 3 1 0 Very Low GWP 5
Overview of regulations F-GAS REGULATION (EU) No 517/2014 UPDATE 01/01/2015 6
Overview of regulations Europe HFC reduction 7
Overview of regulations World HFC reduction 8
2. Overview of Rivacold solutions
Overview of Rivacold solutions ENVIRONMENTAL RESPECT TEWI = Total Equivalent Warning Impact Reduction o TEWI is most importatnt measure to fight global warning TEWI = Direct emission + Indirect emission Solution Solution Natural refrigerant CO2 R744 (GWP=1) Propane R290 GWP=3 Leakage reduction F-Gas regulation Rivacold Answers Increase energy effinciency R744 - CO2 system R290 - Propane system 10
Overview of Rivacold solutions 11
Overview of Rivacold solutions Open Condensing Units MT LT Working Range (Te) 0 C -20 C -20 C -40 C Compressor displacement 4,5 14,3 cm 3 5,6 27,8 cm 3 Cooling Capacity 355 1018 W Ta= 32 C (Te=-10 C) 195 905W Ta= 32 C (Te=-30 C) Blocksystems for cabinets new SE HT 2 models MT 4 models LT- 4 models Working Range (Tc) +10 C +2 C +5 C -5 C -20 C -25 C Compressor displacement 4 4.8 cm 3 4.5 4.8cm 3 10.1 12,6 cm 3 Cooling Capacity 488 735 W Ta= 30 C Tc=10 C 434 650 W Ta= 30 C Tc=5 C 458 704 W Ta= 30 C Tc=-20 C Volumes 700/1400 700/1400 700/1400 Defrost Air Elec. Heater Hot gas Elec. Heater Hot gas 12
Overview of Rivacold solutions Packaged systems ceiling mounting SF MT Working range (Tc) +5 C -5 C -15 C -25 C Compressor power 1/2 2x1 HP 1 2x1,25 HP Capacity 1069 3382W Ta 32 C (Tc= 0 C) BT 873 2142 W Ta 32 C (Tc= -20 C) Packaged systems wall mounting FA/FT MT BT Working range (Tc) +5 C -5 C -15 C -25 C Compressor power 1/2 2x1 HP 1 2x1,25 HP Capacity 1038 3358 W Ta = 32 C (Tc = 0 C) 867 2199 W Ta = 32 C (Tc = -20 C) 13
Overview of Rivacold solutions
Overview of Rivacold solutions kw 1000 100 10 max MT max LT max AC 1 Rivacold Rivacold Rivacold Rivacold Condensing unit Mini-booster Booster Integrated system 15
3. CO2 carbon dioxide
CO2 Carbon dioxide Available Low cost Natural Excellent thermophysical characteristics Smaller compressors NOT inflammable NOT toxic (security group A1) Traditional refrigeration oil use Piping dimensions reduction High density: More efficient heat exchangers Small DT Inert and compatible with many of the common used materials to make the refrigeration circuits High operative pressure and low critical temperature Allowed pressure drop at least five times higher than the values tolerated by traditional HFCs 17
ph diagram CO2 Carbon dioxide Liquid Vapor Liquid+ Vapor 18
ph diagram CO2 Carbon dioxide For ambient temperature <15 20 C the thermodynamic cycle is SUBCRITICAL 19
ph diagram CO2 Carbon dioxide For ambient temperature >15 20 C the thermodynamic cycle is TRANSCRITICAL 20
ph diagram CO2 Carbon dioxide For ambient temperature >15 20 C the thermodynamic cycle is TRANSCRITICAL 35 C Discharge pressure and temperature are independent variables. With the same outlet temperature from the gas cooler, if the pressure increase then the cooling effect (ΔQ0) and compression work (ΔLc) increase. An optimal pressure is needed. DQo Qo Lc DLc 21
CO2 Carbon dioxide Where is it possible to use CO2? As main refrigerant As secondary refrigerant Heating discharged in environment Heating discharged in other circuit Fluid refrigerated by chiller CO2 Units and Packs Cascade systems Indirect System ejectors TN system Users TN R R LT CO 2 system Users LT 22
CO2 Carbon dioxide Transcritical booster system 3 Cooling -Gas cooler 2 2 3 Liquid 6 7 4 5 Intermediate pressure Flash gas 1 MT compressor 11 1 8 5 4 Mt evaporation 9 10 LT evaporation 8 1 LT compressor 11 1 7 9 6 6 10 23
CO2 Carbon dioxide Transcritical booster system with parallel compression 3 Cooling Gas cooler 2p 2 P compressor 2 3 Liquid 7 6 Intermediate pressure 4 5 Flash gas 1 MT compressor 11 1 8 2p 5 4 MT evaporation 9 LT evaporation 10 8 1 LT compressor 11 1 7 9 6 6 10 Efficiency +10% A good solution for high ambient temperature 24
CO2 Carbon dioxide Transcritical booster system with parallel compression and ejectors P-h diagram Rack Sytem with ejector 2 TAP - C H - R C 3 3 Gascooler 2p 2 MT 0 C 1 20% 2p 5 26bar / 13 C 40% 36bar / 5 C 11 90bar / 708kg/h 122 C 40% 80% 6 60% 90bar / 708kg/h 37 C 100% 4 36bar / 1.2 C 7 6 Intermediate pressure MT Evaporator 4 5 Liquid receiver Ejectors 8 1 1 Parallel Compressor MT Compressor 11 LT Compressor LT -20 C 10 9 10 LT Evaporator 25
CO2 Carbon dioxide 238 MT R404A + LT R404A 191 MT R134A + LT CO2 Cascade system 128 CO2 Booster Parallel CO2 Booster system 103 Lower environmental impact than +18% @32 C ambient [ton CO 2 /anno] [ton CO 2 /yr] Reference Zone 3 (Rome) Direct Indirect Ref. Energy Leak Heating Energy 26
4. CO2 Rivacold solutions
CO2 Rivacold solutions As main refrigerant As secondary refrigerant Heating discharged in environment Heating discharged in other circuit Fluid refrigerated by chiller CO2 Units and Packs Cascade systems Indirect System TN system Users TN Users LT R LT CO 2 system Booster System CO2nnext Parallel Compression Ejectors NCS R290/R744 Cascade systems R 134/R 744 CO2 28
CO2 Rivacold solutions CO2 Rivacold in Europe 131 Cascade system 70 Trascritical system 4 4 CO 2 pumped system 29
CO2 Rivacold solutions CO 2 nnext BLDC compressor MT 2,5/8,2 kw LT 2,2/6,7 kw Multi application Multi CO 2 nnext From 2 to 4 BLDC compressors MT only 11/41 kw MT+LT 9/30kW (MT) 2/9 kw (LT) LT 9/20kW Multi application Packs and Integrated systems MT from 20 to152 kw LT from 5 to 33 kw Air conditioning summer/winter up to 130 kw Gascoolers From 1 to 8 fans Up to 733 kw Up to 1000 diameter Evaporators From 1 to 5 fans Up to 61 kw Up to 500 diameter Descriptions, technical data and pictures are to be considered as a guide and not bilding. Rivacold reserves the right to change in whole or part, the specification detailed in this documentation. For constantly updated data, please refer to rivacold.com website. 30
CO2 Rivacold solutions Gas coolers General features Design pressure 130 bar Electronic fans Copper- aluminium heat exchangers Casework made of galvanized metal sheet coated by epoxy power Connection made of steel For low noise applications Geometry 25 x 21,65 mm Copper Alloy K65 for high pressure 31
CO2 Rivacold solutions 32
CO2 Rivacold solutions Evaporators General features Design pressure 75 bar Small footprint Electronic fan motors High efficiency blade Coil made of copper and aluminium Connection made of copper Aluminium made housing 33
CO2 Rivacold solutions Evaporators 34
CO2 Rivacold solutions CO2NNEXT is a range of condensing units and split systems using R744 transcritical variable speed BLDC hermetic compressor for medium and low temperature applications in convenient stores cold rooms, counters and wall display cabinets. Thanks to a new generation of control for CO 2 this easy to install system is designed for connecting up to 5 utilities. Energy efficiency, eco-sustainability and perfect food conservation are guaranteed by Rivacold. MEDIUM TEMPERATURE (TC -5;+5 C) LOW TEMPERATURE (TC -25;-15 C) NATURAL GAS (GWP 1) ENERGY EFFICIENCY LOW NOISE 35
CO2 Rivacold solutions PRODUCT Condensing Unit HP=120 bar / LP=60bar Self-supporting housing made of galvanized steel with epoxy powder Low noise insulation (optional) High efficiency BLDC compressor Built-in gascooler with EC fan/s motor Liquid receiver, PS=80bar Dryer filter and sight glass Liquid subcooling Safety pressure switch High and low pressure probe Built-in power and control electrical box Nitrogen pressurized system PED I Split Version Cubic unit cooler with electrical defrost Electronic termostatic valve fitted on evaporator Remote room control panel 36
CAPACITY (W) CO2 Rivacold solutions PRODUCT MT Range Capacity Ta 32 C - EvaporationTemp -10 C 8000 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 Min. capacity Max.capacity 0 CO2NNEXT 30 CO2NNEXT 45 CO2NNEXT 67 CO2NNEXT 100 37
CO2 Rivacold solutions PRODUCT Thanks to the BLDC compressor and electronic controls, CO2NNEXT constantly monitors the internal temperature of cold rooms and regulates the refrigerant circuit and the thermostatic valve so as to ensure the quick recovery of the desired storage temperature and optimum food preservation This technology allows to increase the shelf life of foods up to two days longer than standard systems. 38
CO2 Rivacold solutions EFFICIENCY & ECO PRODUCT ENERGY EFFICIENCY -21% NATURAL GAS (GWP 1) Thanks to BLDC compressor, electronic controls and R 744 natural gas, CO2NNEXT saves 21% comparing to a R 404 standard unit Maximum energy saving Low environmental impact The use of a natural gas such as R 744 (GWP 1) involves a direct emission related to gas charge of 0,0032 (Ton CO 2 equivalent) vs 11,77 of a R 404 A unit. 39
CO2 Rivacold solutions PRODUCT Unit Coolers Design pressure 75 bar Small footprint EC fan motors IP55 High efficiency blade Coil made of copper and aluminium Connection made of K65 Aluminium made housing 40
CO2 Rivacold solutions EVAPORATOR PRODUCT OPERATING SYSTEM Liquid Line Suction Line ELECTRONIC CONTROL CONDENSING UNIT COLD ROOM 41
CO2 Rivacold solutions CONNECTIONS with up to 5 utilities (cold rooms and/or cabinets) MULTI APPLICATION 42
CO2 Rivacold solutions A flexible, efficient and environmentally friendly system: the only thing to do is connect the liquid line and the suction line to the evaporators and select the desired storage temperature OPERATING SYSTEM EASY INSTALLATION 43
CO2 Rivacold solutions 44
CO2 Rivacold solutions Cold climates < 8 C Transcritical CO 2 booster system Mild climates 8-15 C Transcritical CO 2 booster system + Parallel compression Installation Warm climates >15 C Transcritical CO 2 booster system + Parallel compression + Ejector 45
CO2 Rivacold solutions Comparison made @ 32 C Comparison made @ 44 C Large energy saving potential in warm ambient with ejector technology 46
5. Case history
Case history Where: 1500 sm in Monticello Brianza (Lc) ITALY Highly-efficient, full CO2 integrated system This natural gas system is ideal where the demand for heating and air conditioning is greater than the one for refrigeration. Indeed, in this installation, the system can supply a capacity of 90 kw for medium-temperature utilities, 20 kw for low-temperature utilities and up to 130 kw of air conditioning (both in summer cooling and winter heating mode), as well as 20 kw of DHW. Special features: parallel compression and total heat recovery The smart solution of the gas cooler with built-in evaporator, combined with a customised control software developed by Rivacold, allows evaporation at higher temperatures, even on cold days. Unlike heat pumps, this system guarantees a much simpler management of defrosting and, above all, low consumption and excellent heating performances in the winter, especially during initial opening hours, when the demand could be higher because the heating system is switched off at night, by recovering heat from the refrigeration system which is always up and running. -15% energy consumption vs standard CO 2 booster 48
Case history Where: Carrefour Logistic Centre, Nord-Ovest, Torino. ITALY Pumped system CO2 as the refrigerating fluid held at a constant temperature Two packs operating on R134a (providing a total capacity of 800kW) are dedicated to refrigerate CO2 in its liquid state, which is held in a receiver located as part of the pump station. This process is entirely managed by a software designed by Rivacold. Two pumps, both inverter driven guarantee maximum safety and continual operation in the event of a pump failure. The CO2 in its liquid state arrives to evaporators without undergoing any expansion then returns to the receiver tank to supply the circuit again. In order to assure that the CO2 in the circuit is kept in its liquid state the saturated gas naturally forming in the heat exchangers is condensed through 8 plate heat exchangers (4 across each pack) giving heat to the R134a that is being expanded by high efficiency electronic valves. The system uses forced circulation of liquid CO2, compared with traditional indirect fluid systems such as those with propylene or ethylene glycol it offers many advantages. It is especially beneficial for larger capacity applications involving long pipe runs between the plant and areas to be refrigerated. Benefits include: reduced refrigeration capacities and smaller pipe sizes; low energy consumption for pumping; no temperature variation to the evaporators; no problem of oil return; no toxic fluid kept in the circuit, as is constantly in a liquid state; high efficiency thermal exchange. 49
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