Industeel TROP TROP: Hot work tool steel for die casting dies TROP is a hot work tool steel, developed by Industeel to offer a cost efficient alternative to ESR grades in the die casting die industry. TROP is produced through a unique and original solidification process developed by Industeel ensuring a good structural homogeneity of forged blocks. It exhibits improved properties such as a very high level of toughness and high resistance to heat checking. It is very well adapted to ensure extended life time of aluium or magnesium die casting dies: long production runs, pressure casting, water cooled elements... TROP meets most International technical standards governing die casting applications (NADCA, CNOMO, SEP). PROPERTIES STANDARDS > > W1.2343 mod, X37CrMoV5.1 mod, AISI H11 mod, SKD6 mod > > W1.2344 mod, X4CrMoV5.1 mod, AISI H13 mod, SKD61 mod > > Meets requirements of NADCA # 27-217grade F > > Meets requirements of SEP1614 / VDG M82 > > Meets requirements of CNOMO E 1.17.221.N STEELMAKING PROCESS Electric Arc Furnace / VAD + unique Industeel solidification process. Although TROP is not produced through ESR / VAR process, it meets very similar properties as ESR/VAR products (toughness, microstructure,...) CHEMICAL ANALYSIS WEIGHT % Typical heat analysis of TROP C S P Si Mn Cr Mo V Typical value.36.1.1.3.4 5.1 1.4.35 Guaranteed value.34.39.2 max..12 max...4.3.5 4.9 5.4 1.3 1.5.3.45 1 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
CLEANLINESS Maximum values of TROP PROPERTIES A B C D ASTM E45 (A method).5 (t & h) 1.5(t) 1.(h).5 (t & h) 1.5(t) 1.(h) PHYSICAL PROPERTIES Typical values of TROP Temperature Density Modulus of elasticity C F kg.m -3 Ibs.in -3 N. -2 psi Coefficient of thermal expension C -1 from F -1 from 2 C 68 F Thermal conductivity W.m -1. C -1 Btu.in.h -1. F -1 2 68 78.281 29,7.1 6 X X 28 194 4 75 77.277 177,7.1 6 12,6.1-6 7,.1-6 3 28 8 147 754.273 127 18,4.1 6 13,8.1-6 7,6.1-6 33 229 SOUNDNESS / UT GUARANTEE All plates & blocks are 1% UT tested and meet following standards: > > Euronorm EN 1228-3 class 4 > > ASTM A681 S1.1 > > SEP1921 E/e MECHANICAL PROPERTIES TROP is delivered in soft annealed condition (hardness 229 HB - 2 HRC). It has to be hardened after roughing. Typical values of TROP after hardening Réduction Hardness Yield strength (Rp,2) Ultimate tensile strength (Rm) Elongation (E) of area (Z) HRC N. -2 psi N. -2 psi % % 44 118 171 144 28 13 55 48 137 199 16 232 12 53 52 156 226 183 265 12 52 HOT TENSILE PROPERTIES MPa Temperature ( F) Elongation (%) 16 1 2 4 6 8 1 9 14 8 12 7 1 6 8 Tensile strength Yield strength 5 6 Elongation 4 3 4 2 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 SOFTENING RESISTANCE Hardness (HRC) 5 45 4 35 5 C 3 575 C 6 C 6 C 65 C,1 1 1 1 Time (h) 2 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
PROPERTIES ANNEALED MICROSTRUCTURE / BANDING SEGREGATION TROP meets structural requirements of following standards: SEP 1614 Premium quality / NADCA #27-217. Typical microstructure of TROP in delivery condition (thickness / top / mid thickness) X5: Acceptable (NADCA # 27-217) SA3 (SEP 1614) X5: AS5 / AS6 (NADCA # 27-2117 GB2 / GC1 (SEP 1614) TOUGHNESS Toughness / high impact properties are necessary to imize the risk of premature failure of dies. TROP exhibits impact test results very similar to those of ESR grades. Typical impact properties Toughness measurement at room temperature on samples prehardened at 45 HRC. Charpy V Notch (*) ft.lb J Typical Values (average of 3 specimen) 15 to 21 2 to 28 Charpy unnotched (**) J 275 to 385 NADCA #27-217 (E & F) 14 19 Requirements VDG M82 2J (standard) J (premium) Statistical evaluation of TROP toughness Performed on 3 blocks 3 / 34 / 36-12 / 13 / 14 sampling in 18 different locations of each blocks, longitudinal and transverse direction Length = 3/4 (12/16 ) Width = 2 (78 ) Joules 45 4 35 3 2 15 1 5 CHARPY UNNOTCHED SPECIMEN (LENGTH VERS TRANSVERSE DIRECTION) Length VDG M82 (ESR) Transverse Mid length Top end of the block Th= 31/34/36 (12/14 ) 1/4 thickness Mid thickness 1/4 thickness Joules 45 4 35 3 2 15 1 5 CHARPY UNNOTCHED SPECIMEN (MID THICKNESS VERS 1/4 THICKNESS) VDG M82 (ESR) 1/4 t sup 1/2 t 1/4 t inf 3 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
PROPERTIES THERMAL FATIGUE Dunker test performed on TROP (45 HRC) versus H13 (51 HRC) by Case Western Reserve University / Cleveland Ohio TOTAL CRACK AREA Total Cracked Area (x1 6 µm 2 ) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 TROP (45HRC) TROP (45HRC) 5 1 15 Thermal Cycles AVERAGE MAX. CRACK LENGTH Average Max. Crack Length (1x1 µm) 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 TROP (45HRC) TROP (45HRC) 5 1 15 Thermal Cycles DELIVERY CONDITIONS DIMENSIONAL PROGRAM TROP For specific dimensions, please contact us. Thickness 6 to 36 (2.36 to 14.1 ) Width Up to 2 (78 ) PLATE PROCESSING HEAT TREATMENT TROP is delivered in a soft annealed condition for easier machining. When machining is completed, TROP can be hardened with a heat treatment procedure including preheating, austenitization, quenching and double tempering. Heat treatment should be done under vacuum or under gas protection to avoid surface oxidation and decarburization. Surface and core temperature (Ts/Tc) should be controlled by thermocouples. Preheating Heating rate should be limited to 22 C /h (4 F/h), measured in the core of cavity. First preheating has to be done at Ts 62 C (115 F) and hold until Ts-Tc < 11 C (2 F) Second preheating has to be done at Ts 83 (153 F) and hold until Ts-Tc < 15 C ( F). Austenitization After second preheating,austenitization should be rapidly increased up to 13 C (1885 F) and hold 3 mn after Ts-Tc < 15 C ( F). In any case, soaking time shall never exceed 9 mn max after Ts reaches 13 C (1885 F). Quenching Quenching shall be performed in oil or pressurized gas. Pressurized gas should be preferred when quenching complex shapes. Fast cooling has to be applied from austenitization temperature down to 15 C (3 F) Cooling rate, measured at the surface of the cavity, must be at least 3 C/ (55 F/) between austenitization temperature and 53 C (99 F) To limit stresses, a special attention shall be paid at the temperature difference between surface and core. Especially in the temperature range 4/45 C 4 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
(75/84 F), the temperature difference between surface and core shall not exceed 1 C (18 F). Below 15 C (3 F), cavity should be air cooled to 5/8 C and should then be iediately loaded in a furnace to perform a first tempering. Tempering A imum of 2 tempering should be performed on TROP iediately after quenching. First tempering should be done at 57 C (16 F) Second tempering shall be performed at a temperature depending on required temperature (see tempering curve below). For a required hardness of 45HRC, second tempering should be performed at 61 C (113 F) In both cases, tempering temperature should be hold 2 hours imum or 3mn per of thickness (3mn/). After tempering pieces should be air cooled to room temperature. When a third tempering is required, it should be done at 55 C (12 F). HARDENING CHART 12 1 13 C (1885 F) 8 83 C (153 F) 6 62 C (115 F) 57 C (16 F) 61 C (113 F) -->45HRC If required 55 C (12 F) 4 2 22 C/h 4 F/h 15 C (3 F) Still air Still air Still air Still air Time CCT Diagram Tempering curve 12 1 8 AC3 AC1 Hardness HRC Temperature ( F) 7 2 4 6 8 1 12 6 TROP 5 6 A 15 P 4 3 4 2 HV 1 Ms B 4 75 8 M 5 Mf 6 1 1 1 75 592 59 589 571 534 493 414 1 1 1 1 Time(s) 2 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 5 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
NITRIDING Typical properties of nitrided layers depending on processes and parameters Process Gas nitriding Plasma nitriding Temperature ( C - F) 52 C 97 F 52 C 97 F Time (h) 5 15 Depth.2.787..35.1377..1.393 Compound layer (μm) Hardness (HV1) [4;6] [172;19] [11;16] [129;191] [145;165] MACHINING In soft annealed condition MILLING (with ) Isotrop: 16 HB [14;18] [459;59] [18;22] [59;721] TURNING (with ) Isotrop: 16 HB [14;2] [459;565] [2;] [656;82] [2;4] [.79;.157] [;2] [;.79] [2;4] [.79;.157] [,5;1,5] [.2;.39] / /tooth [.2;.4] [.79;.157] [.1;.2] [.39,.79] /rev /rev [.2;.4] [.79;.157] [.5;.2] [.2;.79] [P2;P4] P1 [P2;P3] P1 * or cermet * or mixed ceramic In hardened condition MILLING (with ) Isotrop: 43-45 HRC [45;9] [148;295] [9;14] [295;459] TURNING (with ) Isotrop: 43-45 HRC [35;6] [115;197] [7;9] [23;295] [2;4] [.79;.157] [;2] [;.79] [1;2] [.39;.79] [,5;1] [.2;.39] / /tooth [.2;.4] [.79;.157] [.1;.2] [.39;.79] /rev /rev [.2;.4] [.39;.79] [.5;.2] [.79;.157] [P2;P4] P1 [P2;P3] P1 * or cermet * or mixed ceramic 6 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217
WELD REPAIR WELDING Method TIG MMA Preheating 32-38 C / 61-71 F Limit of Interpass température 48 C - 9 F Filler material AISI H11 Post welding cooling 3 C - 54 F/h max during 3 hours Post welding Heat Treatment in hardened condition Post welding Heat Treatment in annealed condition 6 C - 1H / 111 F - 1H / 85 C - 156 F/3 mn per - per + cooling at 5 C - 9 F/h until 62 C - 115 F and air cooling YOUR CONTACTS Perrine Lavalley Tel. +33 3 85 8 52 56 perrine.lavalley@arcelormittal.com http://industeel.arcelormittal.com Industeel France Le Creusot Plant 56 rue Clemenceau F-7122 Le Creusot Cedex Technical data and information are to the best of our knowledge at the time of printing. However, they may be subject to some slight variations due to our ongoing research prograe on steels.therefore, we suggest that information be verified at time of enquiry or order.furthermore, in service, real conditions are specific for each application. The data presented here are only for the purpose of description, and considered as guarantees when written formal approval has been delivered by our company.further information may be obtained from the address opposite. 7 Industeel Trademark - TROP - 1/217