Passive House: Overview Wexford Local Development Maurice Falvey MosArt Passive House Academy 3,000 BC
Increasing energy standards... Conventional energy standard (65kWh/m 2 /year for space heating) Low energy (40kWh/m 2 /year for space heating) Passive House (15kWh/m 2 /year for space heating) 2013 / 16 Carbon Neutral (on-site production of sufficient renewable electricity to cover all energy needs)
What is the Passive House standard? Passive House is the world s leading energy efficiency standard... The building mostly heats and cools itself, hence passive A Passive House is one in which a healthy and comfortable interior climate can be maintained with only a back-up heating system It s more than a 20 year old concept.
Don t be fooled by the name... Passivhaus Passive House Passive House House Passive House School Passive House Apartments Passive House Factory Passive House Offices Passive House Church
Out of the Blue! MosArt s / Ireland s 1 st Certified Passive House
Externally insulated concrete shell, U-value of 0.10 W/m 2 K
Ground Floor First Floor
Incredible comfort in all weather - even with floor to ceiling glazing
365m 2 (4,000 ft 2 ) costing just 200 Euro per year for heating
how does a passive house work? This image shows the principal behind that of the Passiv Haus. It is essentially that all of the losses can be minimised to remove the need for the red heating part of the chart. With these heat losses minimised, the internal heat sources and the solar gain could in essence cover the heating requirements (Feist, 2009).
Advantages of the Passive House Standard Significant saving on heating costs Whole house high thermal comfort Healthy indoor environment Extended building life Excellent sound proofing Reduced clutter (no need for radiators) Easily upgradable to net-zero energy
Sustainable Energy Ireland: Passive House Guidelines - drafted by MosArt Residential New Build 2008 Residential Retrofit 2009 Non-Domestic 2010
Passive House criteria Ventilation with 75 % heat recovery Electricity demand max. 0.45 Wh/m³ Heat protection: U 0.15 W/(m²K) U w 0.8 W/(m²K) thermal bridge-free Outdoor air Exhaust air Triple-glazing U g 0.8 W/(m²K) g-value 50-55 % Airtightness: n 50 0.6 /h Extract air Supply air Heating energy demand 15 kwh/(m²a) or Building heating load 10 W/m² Useful cooling demand 15 kwh/(m²a) Primary energy demand 120 kwh/(m²a) Building airtightness 0.6 /h Excess temperature frequency 10 % Background illustration: Grenz /Rasch&Partner Author: PHD
PHPP Software Passive House Planning Package The essential Passive House Design Tool 20,000 + Projects (residential and commercial) Comfort, health, simplicity, cost effective
Passive House Schematic Composition Maximise Solar gains fresh air thermal insulation extract air filter exhaust air supply air ventilation with heat recovery avoid thermal bridge effects air tight construction
Mechanical heat recovery ventilation system
Where does the heat come from? 40% 60% passive solar gains 10% 40% Back-up heating system 20% 30% Internal heat gains
Solar panels: 7.5m 2 flat plate with 500 litre storage tank cover 78% of average annual DHW demand
Space heating requirement: Wood pellet boiler with 10kW output connected to buffer tank and water to air heat exchanger 11.1 kwh(m 2 /a) compared to standard of 100 kwh(m 2 /a) Cost of heating, hot water and mechanical ventilation combined per year per square foot is 0.09 / ft 2 / year
mechanical heat recovery ventilation 83% efficient delivering 0.4 ach and consuming 70W consumes 600 kwh/year but recovers 3,000 kwh/year
MVHR Filter
Measured Air Quality In bedrooms 1800 1600 1400 CO 2 concentration 1200 1000 800 600 400 Carbon dioxide levels in conventional house Carbon dioxide levels in Wicklow Passive House 200 0 Peaks in graph represent night time 1 71 141 211 281 351 421 491 561
Peter s house here MosArt Passive House, Ashford, Co Wicklow
fitting a boiler to Out of the Blue a south-facing PH window will take in more energy per year than it lets out
Windows Triple glazed with overall U-value < 0.8W/m 2 K Typically double low-e coating, argon filled Special low conductivity spacers Double-gasket for airtightness Frames thermally broken
Extremely poor (normal) Extrem ungünstiger Einbau installation Ψ Einbau installation U w, eff W/(mK) = 0,15 = 1,19 W/(mK) W/(m²K)
Empfohlener Einbau Recommended installation Ψ Einbau U installation w, eff = 0,005 W/(mK) = 0,78 W/(mK) W/(m²K)
Passivhaus Dienstleistung GmbH www.passivhaus-info.de Example of window on wood support Frame to be completely covered by insulation Fixed externally to blocks with brackets Tape for air-tightness Timber support below for weight Source: [PHD]
Good fitting details save money for the customer - 500kg of pellets per year (half a tonne)! - Saving of at least 125 per year - Saving 3,750 over life of windows (assuming no increase in energy costs)
Energon Offices, Ulm, Germany oehler + arch kom architekten ingenieure Two exemplary 21 st Century Commercial Projects Energon Offices - Architect Stefan Oehler
The Building that Heats Itself External Temperature: If > + 5 o C = No heating required + 5 o C to - 5 o C = Heated by waste heat from kitchen and server room If < - 5 o C = District heating
Cost of heating and cooling: Conventional offices = 12.50 / m 2 / year Energon offices = 2.50 / m 2 / year Saving of 80% ( 90,000 / year) Built at no additional cost Payback from Day 1
P.H. Montessori School in Aufkirchen Architect: Gernot Vallentin Breaking all the Passive House rules : -Built at no additional costs -Relaxed and curving form -Traditional radiators in the classrooms -Openable windows for cooling
P.H. Primary School in Riedberg Architect: 4A, Stuttgart
Tesco Supermarket Tramore, Waterford Joseph Doyle Architects Worlds 1 st PH Supermarket
Current Passive House Activity in Ireland 2 Department of Education Schools UCD Student Residences Irish Rail Commercial Building Several Homes
Traditional Style Bungalow Southern Aspect 39
Ducting System Ventilation delivered at floor level 40
Compact_P Heat Pump 41
Data Log Nov.2011 42
Data Log Dec.2011 43
MosArt Passive House Retrofit, Foxrock, Co. Dublin
Upgrading an existing home Triple glazed roof lights All windows replaced with triple glazing (upgraded from 2.90 to 0.81 W/(m 2 K)
Technologies and heating system Under floor heating Air to water heat pump Mechanical Heat Recovery Ventilation
PHPP CALCULATIONS HOUSE 9
PHPP CALCULATIONS HOUSE 9
Going from Passive House to Carbon Neutral Requires on-site generation of electricity: Photovoltaic panels Micro wind turbine Micro Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Average house uses c. 5,000 kwh/year
Carbon Neutral likely to require two elements: 1. Passive House Building Standard 2. Renewable Energy Supply
Where can I learn more? www.passivehouseacademy.com
Certified Passive House Designer / Consultant Global Accreditation Comprehensive course material (1,000 + pages) Practical case studies Exam preparation guides Exams set by the Passivhaus Institut x 4 per year
WORKSHOP Building envelope airtightness demo + testing
WORKSHOP Building services (compact unit) Pro-Demo
WORKSHOP Building services demo + testing
WORKSHOP Building services working models
WORKSHOP - demonstration models Presentation + discussion
Practice Models Working Models Wood frame Hands-on building envelope training
Passive House Craftsman s Course
The Passive House Approach Way Ahead to a sustainable future Why do we need to make changes to the way we build? Because current practices are very unsustainable Because it is the right thing to do! Hop on!
Build & Teach to the Passive House Standard Maurice Falvey MosArt - www.mosart.ie Passsive House Academy www.passivehouseacademy.com Broomhall Business Park, Wicklow, Ireland +353-404-25777 art@mosart.ie