Energy Efficiency in Buildings & End-use Electric Technologies ~ Business Cases for Heat Pump Application and ESCOs ~ Hiroyuki Ino Executive Vice President Tokyo Electric Power Company Inc. Note: TEPCO service area covers the Tokyo Metropolitan area which accounts for one-third of Japan s total electricity consumption. TEPCO s annual electricity sales (297,397 GWh) are approximately equivalent to those of RWE or GDF-Suez. 0
1.TEPCO s Affiliate Companies for Renewable and Energy Efficiency Tokyo Electric Power Company Inc. Business area: Power supply (vertically integrated), heat supply http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/index-e.html Eurus Energy Holdings Corporation Assets: Owns and operating wind farms in Japan, South Korea, UK, Spain, Italy and USA. Total in operation is 1,819.25MW (726.24MW in Europe). http://www.eurus-energy.com/ Japan Facility Solutions,Inc. Business Area: ESCO, Operating energy center, Energy consulting, Construction management, Facility management, Provide electrified system solution 1
2. TEPCO s Approaches General Principles Lowering Carbon Intensity of Electricity Services Promotion of Energy Efficiency through RD&D of Innovative Technologies Thermal efficiency Average: 45.6% Latest Fleet: 59% (MACC) 45% (PC-USC) Common Goal Low Carbon Economies 2
3. MACC Power Generation System The latest MACC combined-cycle system in the 1,500ºC class has a thermal efficiency of about 59%, the highest in the world. Such systems were introduced to thermal power stations in Kawasaki in June 2007 and started operation in Futtsu in 2008. Steam turbine Gas turbine Generator 3
4. Promoting renewable energy Installation of renewables Power purchasing from customers Development of mega solar Source: Federation of Electric Power Companies of Japan 4
5. Successful R&D Projects End-use technologies listed below are highlighted in TEPCO s R&D strategy. Many successful cases of joint R&D with manufactures exist. Heat Pump & Thermal Storage for HVAC Eco-Cute ( Hot Water Supply Unit by CO2 refrigerant Heat Pump ) Induction Heating (IH) application for Cooking & Industrial Processes Electrified Factory Initiative IH cooking heater Cell NAS Battery Natrium Tube Sulfur Pole Steel Tube βalumina Tube Main Pole Battery Case Fuse Bottom Heater Cell Packing Sand Vacuum Insulation Containers Electric Vehicles & High-speed Battery Charger Module 5
6. TEPCO Electrification factory Ｉ２ (I square) TEPCO opened the TEPCO Electrification Factory I Square in 2007 November as a facility where people can actually experience the up-to-date heat pump technology and induction heating technology, which are applied at the actual production site. We expect that customers and manufacturing companies having innovative technology will use the square as a place to meet each other and as a forum to discover new needs. 6
7. High COP of Heat Pump Heat pump: An electrical device for space heating, hot water supply and refrigerator that takes ambient, water and ground heat from one location and transfers it to another. Efficiency Improvement of Room Air conditioner COP Trend of Top Runner Product (kwh) 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 1080 Annual Electricity Consumption (2.8kW Class) 955 889 859 Higher Performance! 790 755 738 706 721 708 Heating (5.5 months) Cooling (3.6 months) 692 Room AC:6.8 Centrifugal Chiller:6.4 600 400 200 412 347 40 % reduction in the past 10 years 312 300 278 262 252 241 242 237 227 Eco-Cute:4.9 0 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Year of the Product Model Fiscal year Cooling and heating AC, 2.8 kw cooling capacity, Average consumption Annual electricity consumption is calculated by the standard of Japan Refrigerator and AC Industry (JRA4046) Source: Association of Japan Refrigerator and AC Industry Source: TEPCO 7
8. Top-runner Program 1. Introduced in 1998 2. Currently covers 21 product categories including electric appliances & automobiles with target standards for energy efficiency, which are determined through technological assessment by independent experts. 3. Manufactures required to meet target standards by weighted average using shipment volume. 4. Provides incentives to develop more efficient products and keep higher levelline ups if manufactures wants to remain competitive in the market. 5. Provide comparable information to customers. Concept of Top-runner Program Before After Source: ECCJ 8
9. Innovative Application of Heat-pump Technology to Hot Water Supply Eco Cute (CO2 REFRIGERANT HEAT-PUMP WATER HEATER) Developed and introduced to the market in Japan in 2001, as the world s first commercial product. Designed to take advantage of CO2 as refrigerant: - Fit in the large temperature-gap surge (90 degrees Celsius without supplemental heating) Cumulative sales volume in Japan : 1.77 millions (as of 2009 March). Deployment target : 10 millions (by 2020) Compared with the conventional combustion-based water heaters, the heat-pump water heaters achieved: - ABOUT 30% SAVINGS IN PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION - ABOUT 50% SAVINGS IN CO2 9
10. Advantage of Eco Cute Eco Cute (Heat pump water heater) functions in a manner that it heats water in off-peak hours and storage it for the time of use. TOU (Time of Use) base electric rates help further deployment of heat pump water heater. The combination of the highly efficient heat pump system and relatively inexpensive electricity of the nighttime (off-peak) -rate can achieve superior running cost performance. 23:00 Tariff of Nighttime: Approx. 30% of daytime tariff Morning & Evening: Operating in off-peak hours 17:00 7:00 Daytime 10:00 Morning & Evening 10
11. Multifunctional Eco Cute Multifunctional Eco Cute can provide heat for floor-heating and bathheating other than hot water supply. Hot water from a hot water storage tank is circulated in a heat exchanger as heat source water. Bath Heating Air Heat Exchange r Compressor Expansion Valve Water Heat Exchanger Pump Mixing Valve Magnet ic Valve Pump Pump Heat Exchanger Pump Hot Water Supply Floor Heating 11
12. Heat Pump system in Europe Residential use Heat Pump Heating System Residential use Heat Pump A/C Cooling Heating Cooling Heating Hot water(*) supply Note) * : 30-55 Plzeň factory Commercial use Heat Pump Multi Split A/C Oostende factory Establishment: May 2003 Production starting: Land Area: Sep 2004 117,000 m2 Production Items: Residential A/C Production number (2007): Indoor =620,000 Outdoor=680,000 Sales amount (2007): 358 million EURO Number of employees (2008/9): 1,050 (Approx.) Cooling Heating by courtesy of Daikin Industries 12
13. Heat Pump Application for Space Heating Heat pump mechanism Electricity is used for heat transfer only, 1kW electricity creates more than 4kW heating. Sun Electricity 1kW -5 50 Ambient Outdoor Heat Compressor Heat exchanger Heat 4kW- Indoor Heating Unfailing heat in the atmosphere Expansion valve 0 20 4 times higher efficiency than electric heater. 50% CO2 emission reduction of combustion heating can be achieved by using heat pump technology in Europe. COP 6.00 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 1.00 Commercial use Heat Pump Multi Split A/C In heating Major temp. range in heating Residential use Heat Pump Heating System In heating & hot water supply by courtesy of Daikin Industries 0.00-25 -20-15 -10-5 0 5 10 15 13 Outdoor temperature
14. ESCO (Energy Service Company) Energy Cost Before ESCO Services Reduction of Energy Costs Guaranteed performance Customer s Merit ESCO Service Fee Energy Costs with ESCO Services TEPCO set up a subsidiary company (Japan Facility Solutions, Inc) for ESCO business in Dec. 2000. JFS has been very successful to achieve 78 ESCO contracts and more than 200 building audits. Japan Association of ESCOs (JAESCO) has 130 member companies and there are approx. 10 active ESCOs in Japan. 14
15. ESCO project at Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital Business case in general hospital (500 beds and 800 outpatients per day) by JFS, TEPCO s subsidiary company. Building size Total floor space Construction Electricity demand Total energy consumption Expenses for utilities 8 stories above the ground and 2 underground stories 36,511m 2 October 1980 (28 yrs) 2,168kW 188,075 GJ/year 2,700,000 euros/year Energy saving techniques and associated saving rates Reduce Air-conditioning Load Produce Heat Efficiently including Heat Source Equipment Renewal TransportHeatEfficiently Others 6% 13% 8% 2% Total energy saving rate: 28% Source: Japan Facility Solutions 15
16. ESCO project at Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital (cont.) Before introduction of ESCO After introduction of ESCO Energy Use of heat source [MJ/day] (Primary Energy) Daily Average Temperature of Outdoor Air [ ] Analyzing & confirming heat source renewal effect, including climate conditions Relationship between daily average temperature and energy consumed for cooling Source: Japan Facility Solutions 16
17. ESCO project at Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital (cont.) Energy saving achievements 27.0% Reduction Effect 27.5% Reduction Effect Primary Energy Equivalent 60,649 GJ/yr Primary Energy Equivalent 61,166 GJ/yr The 1st Year (FY2006) The 2nd Year (FY2007) Source: Japan Facility Solutions 17
18. JASE-World Japanese Business Alliance for Smart Energy Worldwide (JASE-World) Established in 2008 aiming to promote technology and know-how relating to energy conservation widely throughout the world, and to build a system for advancing the spread of energy efficiency businesses. A government-business partnership, and consists of 52 corporate, 17 association, developing banks, and Japanese ministries. Published Japanese State-of-the-art Smart Energy Products & Technologies to introduce energy efficient technologies developed by JASE-World members. Secretariat of the JASE-World http://www.jase-w.eccj.or.jp/eng/index.html TEL/FAX: +81 (0)3 5543 3024 Email: jase-w@eccj.or.jp <Other sources of information> - The Energy Conservation Center, Japan: http://www.eccj.or.jp/index_e.html - Heat Pump & Thermal Storage Technology Center of Japan: http://www.hptcj.or.jp/about_e/index.html 18
Thank you for your attention 19