Paweł Frackowiak, Florian Adamczyk Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Poznan Przemyslowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych Poznan
3 INTRODUCTION Accordance with the objectives of the EUROPRUNING Project there is a need to design special machines to harvest pruning residues in the orchards and vineyards One of such machines is a machine for collection and compaction pruning residues - branches by coiling (balers) In PIMR Poznan, Poland work has been undertaken to design such a machine
4 DESIGN ASSUMPTION They were developed on the basis of: carried out a detailed analysis of the requirements and operating restrictions resulting from the specifications and properties of European biomass from agricultural pruning residues; review of available solutions and patent analysis of similar machines from the functional side; Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering own research and other project partners, on issues related to the collection, compaction and transport crops and wastes from agricultural production; experience in the design, manufacture and servicing of machinery and agricultural vehicles, acquired by PIMR during many years of specialization in this group of machines
5 DESIGN ASSUMPTION Equally important aspect of the construction of the new baler is its modularity and low cost operation An important requirement for the development of the new machine is its width and height Bales, should have the same dimensions as the standard bales of hay or straw, this is the diameter of 1200 mm and height 1200 mm, thus allowing their transport using the same, as in the case of bales of hay or straw machinery (loader and trailers)
6 DESIGN ASSUMPTION The terms that must be met designed a new machine for raking and pressing in bales pruning residues in the orchards and vineyards: to carry out all operations in a single pass; the ability to adapt the machine to different cultivation systems; efficient handling and storage of harvested biomass; improving the quality of fuel from harvested biomass.
7 CONCEPTUAL VIRTUAL MODEL OF BALER FOR PRUNING Machine for raking and pressing in bales pruning residues in the orchards and vineyards overview. BASIC features: feed rake head 1,75 m, ensures optimal ground tracking and top raking quality; feeding rotor transfers the material from the pick-up into the baling chamber; fixed baling chamber with chains and rollers 1.2 m x 1.2 m; 8 tires 5.00-8, PR 10 or 2 tires 11.5/80-15.3; twine or net wrapping system.
8 Virtual model of a prototype baler for prunings with tractor
9 Virtual model of a prototype baler for pruning residues rolling chamber and feed system cross sections
10 Virtual model of pick-up system for pruning residues (feed rake head) with pick-up rotor
11 Model of pick-up assembly (feed rake head) with pick-up rotor
12 Model of rolling chamber with constant volume with chains and rollers
13 Model of rolling chamber drive system
14 TESTING MODELS OF THE MACHINE MAJOR ASSEMBLIES Machine model was tested in the orchard in October and November 2013 and April and May 2014. Were collected branches of apple and cherry from the spring pruning. During the tests of the baler was determined: quality of work of major assemblies; performance; power consumption.
15 Model of the machine during testing in the orchard
16 Branches collected, compacted and formed into a bale
17 Area between the trees before and after harvest
18 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0-100 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 Torque [Nm] graph the baler for pruning residues during operation x 10 4
19 Table 1. Preliminary results obtained during the field test model the machine Row spacing: 4 m The maximum weight per bale: 330 kg The average weight per bale: 250 kg Length of row spacing, which were harvested bales: 250 m The maximum thickness of harvested branches: 35 mm Approximate duration of the complete process of baling: 15 min Approximate time of collecting the material for one bale: 5 7 min (for a smooth ride without turning back, with a constant thickness layer of branches) Number of bales made within 1 ha: 4 5 The approximate power requirement for the baler: 40 kw (54 hp)
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22 CONCLUSIONS As a result of the PIMR works in a EUROPRUNING Project was designed and manufactured a prototype machine equipment for raking and pressing in bales pruning residues in the orchards and vineyards The tests have shown that developed the machine model complies with the essential requirements specified in the design assumptions During the execution of the subsequent tasks of the project will conduct a detailed functional testing of the prototype machine Based on the results of the research in the design of the machines will be introduced changes designed to improve its functioning
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24 Thank you :: Gracias Florian Adamczyk Industrial Intitute of Agriculture Engeenering, Poznan adamczyk@pimr.poznan.pl The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 312078