ISBN 978-0-626-26427-7 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD The installation of glazing in buildings Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS
Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 59C, Construction standards Glazing in buildings, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in December 2011. This document supersedes SABS 0137:2002 (edition 3.1). This document is referenced in the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act, 1977 (Act No. 103 of 1977), and the National Road Traffic Act, 1996 (Act No. 93 of 1996). Reference is made in note 1 to clause 1 to the "relevant national legislation". In South Africa this means the National Building Regulations and Building Standards Act, 1977 (Act No. 103 of 1977). Annex A is for information only.
Contents Foreword 1 Scope... 5 2 Normative references... 5 3 Definitions... 7 4 Materials and components... 13 4.1 Dimensions... 13 4.2 Glass... 14 4.2.1 General... 14 4.2.2 Types... 14 4.2.3 Characteristics of certain types of glass... 14 4.3 Plastics... 16 4.3.1 General... 16 4.3.2 Types... 17 4.3.3 Characteristics of certain types of plastics... 17 4.4 Special glazing materials... 18 4.4.1 Cladding glass... 18 4.4.2 Leaded lights... 18 4.4.3 Copper lights... 19 4.4.4 Lead glass... 19 4.4.5 Glass bricks... 19 4.5 Fixing materials... 19 4.5.1 General-purpose putty... 19 4.5.2 Sealants... 19 4.5.3 Preformed strip materials... 22 4.5.4 Preformed compression-type gaskets... 22 4.5.5 Fixing materials for internal work... 23 4.5.6 Fire-resistant compounds... 23 5 Design and performance... 24 5.1 Heat... 24 5.1.1 General... 24 5.1.2 Thermal comfort... 24 5.1.3 Solar heat gain... 24 5.1.4 Total solar energy transmittance... 24 5.1.5 Thermal performance... 25 5.1.6 Solar control plastics glazing sheet materials... 29 5.1.7 Blinds and louvers... 29 5.2 Heat loss... 30 5.2.1 General... 30 5.2.2 Methods for improving thermal insulation... 30 5.2.3 Energy efficient glazing... 30 5.3 Condensation... 30 5.3.1 Room side condensation... 30 5.3.2 Interstitial condensation... 31 5.3.3 Exterior condensation... 31 1
Contents (continued) 5.4 Thermal safety of glass... 31 5.5 Prevention of thermal cracks of glass... 32 5.6 Breakage evaluation... 32 5.7 Thermal expansion... 33 5.7.1 Glass... 33 5.7.2 Plastics glazing sheet materials... 33 5.8 Thermal conduction and isolation aspects... 34 5.8.1 General... 34 5.8.2 Multiple glazing... 34 5.8.3 Air-sealing of glazing... 35 5.8.4 Air-conditioned buildings... 35 5.8.5 Energy conservation... 35 5.8.6 Thermal movement of plastics glazing panes... 36 5.9 Sound insulation... 36 5.9.1 Factors affecting sound transmission... 36 5.9.2 Window size... 37 5.9.3 Material thickness... 37 5.9.4 Air space... 37 5.10 Resistance of wind loads... 38 5.10.1 General... 38 5.10.2 Determination of pane dimensions... 39 6 Bolt fixed structural glazing... 60 6.1 General... 60 6.2 Bolt fixing of glass in barriers... 61 6.2.1 General... 61 6.2.2 Bolt fixing of glass infill panels... 61 6.2.3 Base fixing of free standing glass barriers... 61 6.3 Toughened glass frameless doors and door assemblies... 63 6.3.1 General... 63 6.3.2 Exterior doors... 63 6.3.3 Interior doors... 63 6.3.4 Cantilever fin support fixings... 63 6.4 Toughened glass suspended assemblies... 65 6.4.1 Design... 65 6.4.2 Performance... 65 6.5 Balustrades... 65 6.5.1 General... 65 6.5.2 Two-edge support Mechanical fixings... 65 6.6 Glass floors... 66 6.7 Glass in furniture... 66 6.8 Fish tanks or underwater observation panels... 66 6.8.1 Resistance to water loading... 66 6.8.2 Loads produced by water... 66 6.8.3 Glass thickness selection... 67 2
Contents (continued) 6.9 Plastics... 72 6.9.1 General... 72 6.9.2 Design consideration... 72 6.9.3 Design of hollow section plastics glazing sheet materials... 73 6.9.4 Use of wind loading graphs to determine thickness of solid plastics glazing sheet materials... 73 6.10 Exposure to fire and performance of glazing... 78 6.10.1 General... 78 6.10.2 Glass... 78 6.10.3 Plastics... 79 6.10.4 Frames... 79 6.10.5 Requirements for roof lights... 79 6.10.6 Roof glazing... 80 6.11 Safety and security... 80 6.11.1 General... 80 6.11.2 Identification of safety and security glazing material... 80 6.11.3 Glazing material for resistance to human impact... 80 6.11.4 Other safety glazing material... 83 6.11.5 Bullet-resistant glazing material... 83 7 Frames... 84 7.1 General... 84 7.2 Types... 84 7.2.1 Timber frames... 84 7.2.2 Metal frames... 84 7.2.3 Masonry and concrete frames... 85 7.2.4 Plastics frames... 85 7.3 Preparation... 85 8 Glazing methods and systems... 85 8.1 General... 85 8.2 Precautions... 85 8.3 Setting and location blocks... 85 8.4 Putty... 86 8.5 Flexible compounds... 87 8.6 Sealants... 88 8.7 Preformed adhesive strip material... 88 8.8 Structural glazing... 89 8.8.1 General... 89 8.8.2 Determination of sealant contact width (CW)... 89 8.8.3 Surfaces... 91 8.8.4 Surface preparation... 92 8.9 One-way vision... 92 8.10 Control of reflections in shop windows... 93 9 Marking of safety glazing... 94 3