Analysis of the impact of the changes in definition of the statistical unit enterprise on SBS

Analysis of the impact of the changes in definition of the statistical unit enterprise on SBS (Contract n 06111.2013.002-2013.194) Report describing the results of the quantification of the breaks in series of the main SBS characteristics (Examples of INSEE and ISTAT) (Deliverable 2) Date of the report: February 2014 Drafted by: Disseminated: SOGETI Luxembourg: EUROSTAT: Alma RUTKAUSKIENE Sandrine CIPPONERI Pascal LOOSVELDT Zsolt VOLFINGER Dominique FRANCOZ

Project team: Jean-Marc Béguin - INSEE France Vincent Hecquet INSEE France Giuseppe Garofalo - ISTAT Italy Mauro Masselli ISTAT Italy Inger Ohman Independent expert, Sweden Project manager: Alma Rutkauskiene SOGETI Luxembourg 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 2

Contents Introduction.....4 1. Objectives......5 2. The principal approach used....6 3. Breaks in series. The main results.......9 4. Some conclusions......10 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 3

Introduction The current study Analysis of the impact of the changes in the definition of the statistical unit enterprise on SBS was initiated by Eurostat in spring 2013 with the aim to quantify the breaks in series of the SBS characteristics once a new definition of enterprise is applied. The new definition of statistical observation unit enterprise was proposed by the ESSnet on Consistency in 2012 1. The study was carried out by the national statistical institutes of France (INSEE) and Italy (ISTAT). The first task was to provide theoretical description of the possible breaks in series that might occur when the definition of the enterprise is changed. The second task was to test the use of the new enterprise unit on the real SBS data and to quantify possible breaks in series of the main SBS characteristics. This report is mostly focused on the second task of the project. The research work was using the information of the national business registers for statistical purposes, SBS survey results and administrative data. As a real profiling has not been completed the enterprises have been formed using the algorithms that were applied to the population of the legal units. The algorithms used by INSEE and ISTAT were slightly different. The main activity codes of the potential enterprises as well as the interflows between the units of these enterprises have been estimated using some assumptions. The approach used by France and Italy was not completely the same. This report points out the main principles while the detailed description of the methods used is provided in the national reports (see attached). 1 http://www.cros-portal.eu/sites/default/files//deliverable_53_part1.pdf 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 4

1. Objectives Currently the NSIs define an enterprise as it is described in the Council Regulation No 696/93 on the statistical units for the observation and analysis of production system in the Community: The enterprise is the smallest combination of legal units that is an organisational unit producing goods or services, which benefits from certain degree of autonomy in decisionmaking, especially for the allocation of its current resources. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. An enterprise may be a sole legal unit. Practice showed that MS interpret this definition differently. That may lead to inconsistencies in statistical data between different EU countries, and in the globalised economy, this approach may not always make business statistics reflect the reality. In order to avoid different interpretations and to help produce meaningful economic statistics, the ESSnet on Consistency proposed a new definition of enterprise unit. It takes into account the common control of the legal units and links it with enterprise groups. The new proposed definition was as follows 2 : A statistical unit enterprise is an organisational market oriented unit which benefits from sufficient degree of autonomy in decision-making. An enterprise carries out one or more activities at one or more locations. Meaningful data for statistics can be provided for this unit. The Enterprise can correspond to a single legal unit (not controlled by any other legal unit), an enterprise group as a set of legal units under common control, or an autonomous part of an enterprise group. The aim of this study is to measure the breaks in series that would occur if the main SBS results were based on another statistical unit. The breaks in series have to be quantified for such characteristics as number of enterprises, turnover, production value, value-added, number of employees and wages and salaries at two digit level of NACE Rev.2 and for the size classes of the enterprises. 2 A Task Force on Statistical Units has been established by Eurostat to refine the new proposed definition. (The final proposal is not yet available). 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 5

This task has been implemented by the NSIs of France (INSEE) and Italy (ISTAT) 2. The principal approach used The NSIs of France and Italy participating in this project analysed the differences between the main SBS characteristics produced using the legal unit as statistical observation unit and using the enterprise according to a new definition as observation unit. As a full profiling of enterprise groups has not been finished in the two countries, the enterprises were constructed applying the algorithms that were built on the basis of information on legal units and enterprise groups available in the countries. The algorithms were slightly different in these two countries although the main approach was very similar. The NSIs ensured that the business population in the two sets (by legal units and by enterprises) was the same. The SBS characteristics were calculated using the concept of the national economic territory. The data referred to the year 2011. The groups operating in the agriculture and in the financial sector were excluded from the study. French approach The algorithm used by INSEE was based on the analysis of the structure (perimeter, not control) of enterprise groups using available data on enterprise groups, employment in each legal unit, identifying the ancillary activities, defining the cases when a group could or should be split into several parts, defining the main activity of the enterprise made from several legal units. One or more enterprises in one enterprise group? In order to decide whether an enterprise group needs to be split into several enterprises, a system of thresholds based on the number of employees in each legal unit has been developed (excluding the ancillary activities that were identified at the first step). The main activities of all the legal units of the group except ancillaries were ranged by NACE codes at the lowest level. If the whole group is 100% engaged in the same activity it is treated as one enterprise. If the first main activity overtakes one of the three thresholds ( 80% at 5 digit level NAF 3, 90 % at 3 digit level, 93% at 2 digit level) it is decided that the group has only one activity and does not need to be split. If the three ratios of the first main activity are under the threshold, then the ratios are calculated for the two first activities, the three first activities etc. The maximum enterprises delineated in one group was 9. (See the detailed description - full report). After applying this algorithm, 19 % of the groups were split into several enterprises (17% into two and 2% into more than 2). 3 French activity classification based on NACE + 5 th national digit. 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 6

Determining of ancillary units. As a first step a list of ancillary activities has been established. It was determined through the analysis of the frequency of those activities in the largest 500 groups. The assumption was that all the large groups do use ancillary activities while small ones don t. For a smaller group if the weight of one of those activities (in terms of employment) is bigger than its average in large groups, it should mean that it is not an ancillary activity but a market-oriented activity of the group. The list of activities and the thresholds were as follows: List of ancillary activities used in the study CODE Activity Threshold 47.78.C* - Other retail sale of new goods in specialised stores (4778A and 47.78.B 10% are unimportant) 49.41.B - Small distance Freight transport by road 10% 64.30 - Trusts, funds and similar financial entities 10% 66.00 - Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities 10% 68.00 - Real estate activities 10% 77.00 - Rental and leasing activities 10% 62.00 - Computer programming, consultancy and related activities 10% 85.59.A - Adults in-service training (Other education n.e.c is divided in 8559A and 10% other ; the adults training has been put aside) 78.10 - Activities of employment placement agencies 20 % 69.10 - Legal activities 20% 69.20 - Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy 20% 64.20 - Activities of holding companies 20% 70.10 - Activities of head offices 20% 71.10 - Architectural and engineering activities and related technical consultancy 20% 46.00 - Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 30% *French activity classification (NAF) Calculating the SBS characteristics for enterprises consisting of several legal units. The main SBS characteristics such as number of enterprises, number of employees, wages and salaries, turnover, production value, value added have been calculated for the enterprises consisting of several legal units using the existing data for these legal units making following approach. At a first step the ancillary units within enterprise were identified and marked as well as the legal units belonging to the secondary activities of the enterprise; the values of the variables of the legal units of the secondary activities were distributed among the legal units of the main activity proportionally to their weight calculated as the ratio between the number of employees and the total number of employees in the enterprise (excluding the ancillary legal units). The variables of the ancillary legal units were distributed in a similar way except for the non-additive variables 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 7

like turnover and production value that were suppressed (consolidated). At the last step, all the other variables (additive ones) were summed up. Italian approach One or more enterprises in one enterprise group? In order to decide if the enterprise group has to be split into several enterprises the share of the sales of the main activity was calculated. If 90 % of sales come from the activity that belong to one NACE code (2 digit level), such a group was considered as one enterprise. The groups that had sales of the main activity representing less than 90 % were treated using information on the structure of links and control levels of the group, the more homogeneous subparts of the group were identified. Internal chains of control were followed. It was decided that the homogeneity of NACE codes (as in French approach) is not a sufficient criterion to guarantee the delineation of an autonomous enterprise. The potential enterprises (sub-groups) were formed by legal units linked together by direct and indirect relationship of control. That was taken into account in the algorithm. An iterative process to form potential enterprises starting from the second level of the tree chain of the enterprise group was developed. The typology of the head of the group was considered. When the head of the group belonged to the sectors that are outside of the SBS scope (foreign units, inactive units, natural persons, public administration) the iterative process of forming the enterprises started from the second level of control and the group was split into several enterprises. That was done for 70% of the groups. In the cases when a top of the group was in the scope of SBS (30%) the iterative process was not applied and a group was treated as a single enterprise. (More detail description of the method provided in the national report). Determining of ancillary units. A set of economic activities that were considered as ancillary activities was agreed. It was decided to use the same list as in French approach (see page 7). The legal units that belonged to these activities were considered as ancillary when their turnover counted for less than 15% of the total turnover of the enterprise. Calculating the SBS characteristics for enterprises consisting of several legal units. As in French case no information on the interflows within the enterprise was available. In order to eliminate the interflows from the non-additive characteristics (turnover, purchases of goods and services) some estimation methods were used. If the legal unit of the enterprise was considered an ancillary unit, the turnover of it was eliminated them from the turnover of enterprise and from the intermediate costs. In case of an enterprise with multi-activities the consolidation was done for each activity proportionally to its turnover. 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 8

3. Breaks in series. The main results of the study. Changes in the structure of the economy by activities of enterprises. Two data sets of the main SBS characteristics for 2011 were produced. One of them was based on the legal units and the other one constructed from the data base of the legal units by applying the algorithms described above (enterprise was equal either to the enterprise groups, to the part of the enterprise group or to the single legal unit). The business population in both data sets was the same. Multinational enterprises were treated in the same way as national enterprises. Non-additive characteristics were consolidated. By comparing the same characteristics of these two data sets the differences were calculated. The differences show the possible breaks in series if the statistical observation unit will be changed from legal unit to the enterprise according to the new definition. The main SBS characteristics were produced on a 2-digit level of NACE and by size classes of enterprises. The results for both countries are presented in the tables at the end of report. The results showed similar changes in both countries (Italy and France) in spite of the different algorithms in the construction of the enterprises and eliminating the interflows. Thus, the number of enterprises compared with the number of legal units decreased by 1.8 % in Italy and by 4.2 % in France. The most significant decrease in number of enterprises was in the energy sector - electricity, water and waste (in Italy by 16% and in France by 13 %) and in the real estate sector (in Italy by 11 % and in France by 17% ). As the number of employees, wages and salaries and value added are additive characteristics, the figures at national level did not change. There was a slight shift from the services to the production sector 4. In the production sector in France, the value added increases by 10% and in Italy by 3%; the number of employees in France increased by 5% and in Italy by 1 % (Tables 1-2). The weight of the production activities in terms of value-added in France increased from 33% to 36 %, in Italy from 42% to 43% and consequently the weight of services activities decreased by corresponding rate in both countries (Tables 3-4). The changes by 2digit-level of NACE are presented in the Tables 5-8. 4 Mining, manufacturing, electricity, water supply, construction activities. 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 9

Changes in the structure of the economy by size classes of enterprises. The results aggregated by the size classes of enterprises showed increase of the number of enterprises in the group 250 employees and more (for France only in the group >5000 employees) and decrease in all other groups. In Italy the number of enterprises up to 10 employees decreased by 2% or by more than 70 thousands entities; in France by 3%. A quite significant decrease of the number enterprises was observed in the group of small (20-49 employees) and medium-size enterprises (50-249) (In Italy by 4 %; in France by 25%). The share of value added produced by micro-, small and medium-size enterprises in Italy decreased from 72% to 68% and in France from 59% to 49% (Tables 9-12). Conclusions The results of the study revealed some differences in the main SBS characteristics when they were calculated using the legal units as observation units and when the observation units were the enterprises constructed according to the new definition. The non- additive characteristics (such as turnover, production value, etc.) were affected the most as the interflows between the units of the same enterprises had to be eliminated. As information on the interflows was not available, the interflows were estimated using the algorithms that unfortunately did not rely on real knowledge and might bring different results when the data from real profiling of big enterprise groups is used. The results showed some changes in the structure of the economy when using an enterprise as an observation unit. The value added was slightly shifted from services to production activities, although that did not dramatically change the structure of the economy at national level. Some of the changes at the 2-digit level of NACE were quite significant and they might be even more visible at the 4-digit level of NACE. The changes in the data on size-classes of enterprises showed a decrease in the number of small and medium class enterprises although their part in the value added did not change considerably. The new statistics showed a more concentrated economy than the previous one. The research work conducted by two NSIs was limited in time. It would be recommended to continue the study involving more countries and giving more time for the analysis of the results. 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 10

FRANCE Changes (+/-) within the NACE groups (industry/services) Table 1 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Wages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Total -135,361-4.2 0 0.0 0 0.0-308,505,720-8.2-105,320,526-4.7 0 0 Agriculture, forestry and fishing A -777-2,951-31.9-147,657-43.3-1,845,534-52.5-75,115-33.7-355,873-46.3 Mining+Manufacturing B+C -10,738-4.8 170,811 6.3 11,969,642 11.5 13,657,040 1.5-1,975,987-0.3 27,243,299 12.6 Electricity+water+waste D+E -3,086-13.3 20,415 6.8 1,108,429 8.6 15,041,261 10.1-792,103-0.5 2,466,264 6.7 Construction F -9,554-2.1 34,643 2.6 1,972,554 4.3 11,584,874 4.4 4,896,646 1.9 4,430,328 5.0 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles G -22,220-3.1-47,567-1.8-1,882,045-2.1-217,138,852-15.6-6,985,898-7.0-5,668,329-2.8 Transport+Accomodation H+I -8,672-2.5 32,030 1.7 1,857,932 3.0 861,790 0.3-3,352,272-1.3 2,652,587 2.2 Information and communication J -3,967-3.8-5,207-0.8-91,950-0.3-6,048,165-3.5-6,610,821-3.9 442,668 0.6 Financial and insurance activities K -16,100-32,172-64.4-2,537,941-78.8-41,403,238-78.5-6,097,205-81.6-5,645,722-59.9 Real estate activities L -21,762-16.5-4,618-2.5-219,483-3.0-11,046,058-16.3-11,423,681-16.7-5,345,191-14.7 Other services M-S -38,485-3.1-167,567-6.2-12,158,601-10.1-73,450,600-15.4-73,997,998-16.1-21,015,311-8.6 Industry + Construction -24,155-3.4 225,869 5.2 15,050,625 9.2 40,283,174 3.1 2,128,555 0.2 34,139,892 10.0 Total services -111,206-4.4-225,101-2.7-15,032,088-4.8-348,225,122-14.2-108,467,875-10.1-34,579,297-5.0

ITALY Changes (+/-) within the NACE groups (industry/services) Activity NACE codes Number of enterprisesnumber of employees Purchases of goods and serviceturnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Total -80,377-1.8 0 0.0-34,668,701-1.5-34,668,708-1.1 0 0.0 Mining+Manufacturing B+C -8,047-1.9 31,600 0.8 14,742,888 1.9 18,968,174 1.9 4,225,284 2.0 Electricity+water+waste D+E -2,437-15.8 27,472 10.4 25,495,903 13.3 29,858,344 13.2 4,362,441 12.5 Construction F -8,309-1.4 7,601 0.5-874,244-0.6 915,169 0.4 1,789,413 2.6 Table 2 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles G -12,432-1.1 9,929 0.3-56,436,281-6.3-55,912,311-5.5 523,971 0.4 Transport+Accomodation H+I -4,873-1.1 13,922 0.6-2,335,778-1.8-3,505,072-1.6-1,169,292-1.3 Information and J -3,492-3.6-6,463-1.2-1,820,051-3.0-2,671,728-2.3-851,674-1.5 communication Real estate activities L -25,753-11.2-17,380-6.1-5,167,458-25.7-10,267,101-24.2-5,099,643-22.9 Other services M-S -15,034-1.1-66,677-1.8-8,273,680-5.5-12,054,183-4.1-3,780,497-2.7 Total Industry+Construction -18,793-1.8 66,673 1.1 39,364,547 3.5 49,741,687 3.5 10,377,138 3.3 Total services -61,584-1.9-66,669-0.6-74,033,248-5.9-84,410,395-5.0-10,377,135-2.3 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 12

FRANCE Changes in the structure of the economy (NACE industry/services) Table 3 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Wages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Agriculture, forestry and A fishing Mining+Manufacturing B+C 6.9 6.9 21.5 22.9 21.6 24.1 24.0 26.5 34.3 35.8 20.9 23.5 Electricity+water+waste D+E 0.7 0.6 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.9 4.7 6.6 6.9 3.6 3.8 Construction F 14.2 14.5 10.6 10.9 9.7 10.1 7.0 7.9 11.7 12.5 8.6 9.0 Wholesale and retail trade; G 21.8 22.0 21.5 21.1 19.0 18.7 36.9 33.9 4.4 4.3 19.7 19.1 repair of vehicles Transport+accomodation H+I 10.6 10.8 15.2 15.5 13.0 13.3 7.5 8.2 11.6 12.1 11.4 11.7 Information and J 3.2 3.2 5.1 5.1 6.7 6.7 4.6 4.8 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.7 communication Financial and insurance K activities Real estate activities L 4.1 3.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 3.0 2.6 3.5 3.0 Other services M-S 38.5 38.9 21.5 20.2 25.0 22.5 12.7 11.7 20.4 17.9 23.6 21.6 Total 21.8 22.0 34.6 36.4 33.9 37.1 34.9 39.2 52.5 55.2 33.0 36.3 Industry+Construction Total services 78.2 78.0 65.3 63.5 65.9 62.8 65.0 60.7 47.4 44.6 66.8 63.4 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 13

ITALY Changes in the structure of the economy (NACE industry/services) Table 4 NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Purchases of goods and services Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Mining+Manufacturing B+C 9.81 9.81 24.37 24.56 32.59 33.71 31.50 32.47 28.11 28.67 Electricity+water+waste D+E 0.35 0.30 1.62 1.79 8.07 9.28 7.22 8.26 4.56 5.14 Construction F 13.52 13.58 10.18 10.23 6.67 6.73 7.24 7.35 9.00 9.23 Wholesale and retail trade; repair of vehicles G 26.87 27.08 21.14 21.20 37.61 35.75 32.66 31.22 17.28 17.34 Transport+accomodation H+I 10.05 10.12 14.58 14.66 5.36 5.34 6.96 6.93 11.95 11.80 Information and communication J 2.24 2.20 3.36 3.32 2.56 2.52 3.77 3.72 7.53 7.42 Real estate activities L 5.29 4.79 1.74 1.63 0.85 0.64 1.35 1.04 2.92 2.26 Other services M-S 31.87 32.12 23.01 22.60 6.29 6.03 9.30 9.01 18.64 18.15 Total Industry+Construction 23.68 23.69 36.17 36.58 47.34 49.72 45.96 48.08 41.68 43.04 Total services 76.32 76.31 63.83 63.42 52.66 50.28 54.04 51.92 58.32 56.96 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 14

FRANCE Changes by activities (NACE 2 digit level) (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) Table 5 NACE Number of enterprises Activity codes Number of employees Wages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Grand Total -135,355-4.2 0 0.0 0 0.0-308,505,720-8.2-105,320,526-4.7 0 0.0 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 6-55 -83.3-481 -66.0-27,896-63.1-462,175-53.7-469,148-52.2-197,297-43.6 Mining of metal ores 7-12 -17.6-246 -68.7-6,663-65.9-34,439-67.2-36,544-69.9-10,911-67.7 Other mining and quarrying 8-490 -30.0-347 -1.6 53,925 6.8-517,206-7.6-500,732-7.9 9,390 0.4 Mining support service activities 9-28 -48.2-83 -48.0-4,666-10.6-24,182-8.7-22,606-9.1 5,694 5.0 Manufacture of food product 10-1,631-3.0 30,624 6.5 1,620,196 11.4 177,554 0.1-1,081,601-0.8 4,801,588 16.5 Manufacture of beverages 11-222 -8.2 5,965 15.0 424,760 24.9-61,886-0.3-199,709-0.9 731,166 11.6 Manufacture of tobacco product 12-6 -57.1-1,794-100.0-114,861-100.0-1,238,219-100.0-1,049,426-100.0-770,572-100.0 Manufacture of textiles 13-261 -5.9-827 -2.1 13,126 1.0-339,798-4.3-374,845-5.3 35,038 1.6 Manufacture of wearing apparel 14-145 -1.7 510 1.3 36,088 2.9-516,865-6.2-488,952-7.8-4,930-0.2 Manufacture of leather and related products 15-72 -3.5 1,968 8.9 144,398 20.3 268,542 5.2 159,606 4.6 464,058 26.3 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except 16-343 -3.6 388 0.6 65,706 3.5-152,113-1.3-173,461-1.6 163,930 4.8 furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting material Manufacture of paper and paper product 17-293 -20.1 3,890 6.4 221,577 9.7 273,488 1.4 234,346 1.4 462,659 10.7 Printing and reproduction of recorded media 18-464 -2.9 119 0.2 39,778 1.8-181,408-1.7-173,621-1.7 84,711 2.2 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products 19-43 -63.2 3,947 29.4 503,342 53.5-2,486,687-3.4-2,478,295-3.5 678,831 6.4 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 20-493 -17.2 16,216 11.4 1,181,197 17.9 1,786,848 2.3 1,813,207 2.6 2,319,130 14.1 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical 21-107 -26.2 9,356 13.3 893,330 25.9 278,384 0.8 295,291 1.2 3,598,138 37.5 preparation Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 22-661 -15.1 9,896 5.6 869,166 14.0 2,091,106 5.0-44,382-0.1 1,387,329 11.6 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 23-791 -9.2 4,298 3.8 358,648 8.7-319,875-1.1-541,771-2.0 677,685 7.7 Manufacture of basic metals 24-207 -19.1 6,241 8.3 341,363 11.5-306,277-0.9-422,935-1.3 505,107 8.9 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and 25-1,663-8.4 9,275 3.2 676,568 6.5-489,763-0.8-424,918-0.8 1,196,082 6.2 equipment Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical product 26-303 -9.7 6,998 5.5 517,069 8.1 121,845 0.4-133,445-0.4-207,069-1.9 Manufacture of electrical equipment 27-275 -10.9 7,897 7.1 518,488 11.5-606,282-1.9-520,093-2.0 1,018,504 12.3 Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. 28-588 -9.4 6,121 3.5 461,387 6.6-573,209-1.2-763,412-1.8 1,008,054 7.1 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 29-228 -11.9 23,400 11.1 1,108,155 13.0 13,519,320 12.9 3,414,777 5.3 5,542,741 38.2 Manufacture of other transport equipment 30-114 -11.7 25,416 21.7 1,741,710 30.2 2,760,340 6.8 2,793,410 7.0 2,878,605 26.2 Manufacture of furniture 31-150 -1.2 1,229 2.6 86,529 5.9 179,274 2.2 170,641 2.4 157,990 6.3 Other manufacturing 32-219 -1.2 1,309 2.0 98,411 4.0-207,995-1.6-154,328-1.5 311,171 6.0 Repair and installation of machinery and equipment 33-874 -4.0-473 -0.3 148,812 2.3 718,716 2.4-803,045-3.2 396,475 3.6 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 35-2,126-18.1 9,550 5.9 485,814 6.1 6,414,974 5.8-2,053,672-1.8 1,162,818 4.6 Water collection, treatment and supply 36-81 -2.6 6,902 17.8 318,863 21.8 4,163,741 35.8 1,382,131 11.4 663,644 16.5 Sewerage 37-112 -6.4 872 6.3 51,093 11.1 1,069,061 42.3 192,646 7.6 130,116 11.8 Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery 38-749 -11.5 3,720 4.5 280,773 10.0 3,618,890 16.0-83,997-0.4 565,266 8.8 Remediation activities and other waste management services 39-18 -8.6-628 -19.8-28,115-24.1-225,405-33.8-229,211-34.1-55,580-24.0 Construction of buildings 41-4,742-13.6 4,788 3.5 265,922 4.8-1,321,690-2.5-1,133,065-2.1 475,457 4.0 Civil engineering 42-1,010-20.8 11,748 7.3 622,759 10.6 5,666,471 15.8 4,399,148 12.2 1,546,695 15.6 Specialised construction activities 43-3,802-0.9 18,107 1.7 1,083,873 3.1 7,240,093 4.1 1,630,563 0.9 2,408,176 3.6 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 15

FRANCE Changes by activities (NACE 2 digit level) (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) Table 5 (continuation) Activity ACE codenumber of enterprises Number of employees Wages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and 45-3,611-4.3-4,708-1.3-9,680-0.1-8,836,943-5.4 376,153 2.1 1,322,292 6.3 motorcycle Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 46-10,283-6.5-109,069-11.5-5,139,764-12.8-213,082,849-26.9-13,685,848-22.7-17,783,031-17.2 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 47-8,326-1.9 66,210 4.7 3,267,399 8.2 4,780,939 1.1 6,323,797 29.7 10,792,410 13.6 Land transport and transport via pipelines 49-2,209-2.7 13,887 2.2 752,294 3.5 1,795,710 2.1 211,298 0.3 3,222,878 8.3 Water transport 50-142 -8.3-940 -5.8-45,112-6.1-316,390-2.3-334,619-2.5-882 -0.1 Air transport 51-37 -9.4 9,053 14.5 312,502 8.2 1,317,416 6.4 1,263,718 6.1 531,257 9.8 Warehousing and support activities for transportation 52-1,798-22.4-14,597-6.5-282,499-3.5-6,512,815-9.8-6,850,961-10.2-1,378,616-5.6 Postal and courier activities 53-26 -1.2 22,228 10.9 726,728 10.3 3,805,266 27.7 1,772,018 12.9-1,179,134-10.7 Accommodation 55-2,116-4.5 2,448 1.2 231,610 4.1 829,193 3.3 761,015 3.2 626,292 5.5 Food and beverage service activities 56-2,344-1.2-49 0.0 162,407 1.1-56,590-0.1-174,742-0.4 830,791 3.1 Publishing activities 58-894 -6.9 1,809 1.8 74,016 1.4-408,418-1.6-526,281-2.1 239,061 2.3 Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound 59-845 -4.8-1,154-2.5-64,373-2.5-748,486-5.7-893,820-5.9-253,698-3.8 Programming and broadcasting activities 60-161 -25.6 359 1.3 36,489 2.3 330,579 3.0 320,304 2.6 188,482 4.3 Telecommunications 61-287 -8.0 6,077 4.1 330,450 5.0 56,131 0.1-82,931-0.1 588,924 2.0 Computer programming, consultancy and related activities 62-1,418-2.4-7,641-2.7-281,356-2.0-4,112,920-8.8-4,266,367-9.7 4,354 0.0 Information service activities 63-362 -4.0-4,658-11.8-187,177-10.4-1,165,049-16.4-1,161,726-16.4-324,454-9.6 Real estate activities 68-21,762-14.7-4,618-2.5-219,483-3.0-11,046,058-16.3-11,423,681-16.7-5,345,191-14.7 Legal and accounting activities 69-1,487-1.9 566 0.3 55,280 0.6-303,807-0.9-299,570-0.8 60,958 0.2 Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities 70-21,685-14.7-106,793-41.9-9,734,059-51.7-44,429,088-57.4-44,266,860-59.0-14,484,721-47.4 Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis 71-2,574-3.2-37,676-12.4-1,915,443-13.9-11,804,752-21.4-12,311,578-22.6-3,154,723-12.5 Scientific research and development 72-203 -6.6-2,230-5.2-12,845-0.6-879,850-12.0-813,393-11.9 778,894 26.8 Advertising and market research 73-976 -4.1-6,148-5.5-12,779-0.3-3,290,922-12.5-3,309,904-12.9-127,514-1.4 Other professional, scientific and technical activities 74-346 -0.6-2,896-10.5-130,003-9.9-1,010,054-15.2-881,463-14.5-444,489-14.6 Veterinary activities 75-2 0.0 2 3.3 59 2.0 534 5.2 529 7.8 143 3.6 Rental and leasing activities 77-1,380-4.4-1,565-2.2-8,476-0.3-7,221,200-28.4-7,314,620-31.3-3,469,215-30.0 Employment activities 78-1,186-17.7 1,184 1.1-452,195-2.5 2,009,618 6.9 1,980,419 6.8-391,863-1.5 Travel agency, tour operator reservation service and related activities 79-547 -8.8-3,005-8.3-75,274-5.9-2,632,905-19.1-2,631,121-19.3-76,904-4.3 Security and investigation activities 80-252 -2.9 1,051 0.8 121,192 3.3 64,989 0.8 63,836 0.8 219,795 4.1 Services to buildings and landscape activities 81-722 -1.2 3,990 1.2 456,844 5.9 100,519 0.5 35,061 0.2 765,859 6.4 Office administrative, office support and other business support 82-1,633-3.6-16,970-8.7-637,862-9.2-4,203,469-12.0-4,419,585-14.0-1,283,656-9.6 Education 85-725 -0.9-3,042-3.3-124,908-4.1-1,269,753-11.4-1,275,050-11.6-286,191-5.1 Human health activities 86-836 -0.2 6,510 2.0 244,147 1.9 483,811 0.7 478,663 0.7 512,961 1.0 Residential care activities 87-797 -37.3-528 -0.6 18,086 0.8-38,794-0.6-55,005-0.9 44,823 1.2 Social work activities without accommodation 88-227 -5.7-168 -0.4 7,654 0.8-47,677-2.7-51,167-3.0 679 0.1 Creative, arts and entertainment activities 90-163 -0.5-917 -3.7-39,274-3.4-306,489-5.9-302,307-6.0-68,864-3.5 Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities 91-24 -3.1-77 -1.2-1,359-0.7-9,061-1.6 6,312 1.3-2,704-1.1 Gambling and betting activities 92-171 -25.2 2,265 12.0 94,323 15.6 197,965 1.3 197,756 1.3 100,820 3.0 Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities 93-270 -0.8-885 -1.9-86,831-4.8 1,251,166 17.7 1,204,123 18.3 6,202 0.2 Activities of membership organisations 94-24 -1.6-144 -0.9-2,654-0.5-6,637-0.4-13,736-0.8-5,653-1.0 Repair of computers and personal and household goods 95-157 -0.5-210 -0.6 28,155 2.0-114,125-1.6-29,156-0.7 185,753 7.1 Other personal service activities 96-770 -0.5 241 0.1 47,958 1.2 8,504 0.1 8,930 0.1 102,912 1.3 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 16

ITALY Changes by activities (NACE 2 digit level) (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) Table 6 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Purchases of goods and services Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Total -80,377-1.84 0 0.0-34,668,701-1.5-34,668,708-1.1 0 0.0 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 6-4 -50.0-11,507-83.5-52,025,193-91.4-53,877,241-90.2-1,852,046-66.7 Mining of metal ores 7 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 0 0.0 Other mining and quarrying 8-169 -6.9 214 1.2-18,424-0.9-5,738-0.2 12,686 1.0 Mining support service activities 9-2 -6.5 91 6.2-11,048-5.2-3,271-0.8 7,776 3.6 Manufacture of food product 10-601 -1.1 2,849 0.7 122,790 0.1 450,625 0.4 327,836 1.7 Manufacture of beverages 11-135 -4.7 732 2.0-2,067 0.0 52,989 0.3 55,056 1.5 Manufacture of tobacco product 12 0 0.0 8 1.6 336 0.5 0 0.0-337 -0.7 Manufacture of textiles 13-393 -2.5-33 0.0-158,353-0.9-53,742-0.2 104,611 1.6 Manufacture of wearing apparel 14-279 -0.8 2,945 1.3 1,277,476 5.4 1,960,592 6.2 683,115 8.4 Manufacture of leather and related products 15-196 -1.3 1,830 1.3 86,577 0.4 200,115 0.7 113,536 1.8 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and 16-162 -0.5 490 0.3-35,472-0.3 10,760 0.1 46,232 1.0 Manufacture of paper and paper product 17-162 -3.9 502 0.7-17,975-0.1 97,227 0.4 115,201 2.3 Printing and reproduction of recorded media 18-250 -1.5 566 0.6-20,667-0.3 22,710 0.2 43,376 0.9 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products 19-33 -9.9 6,964 44.6 66,392,974 128.6 68,169,023 128.2 1,776,049 113.6 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 20-297 -6.6 3,087 2.8-650,633-1.5-328,668-0.6 321,966 3.8 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and 21-82 -17.0 3,597 5.7 1,457,199 7.6 1,925,795 7.2 468,596 6.3 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 22-457 -4.2 1,197 0.7-250,016-0.7-121,453-0.3 128,563 1.2 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 23-525 -2.4 1,887 0.9-256,688-1.0-46,438-0.1 210,251 2.0 Manufacture of basic metals 24-192 -4.9 3,941 3.1 141,398 0.2 593,505 0.9 452,107 5.8 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except 25-1,106-1.5 517 0.1-558,275-1.0-379,467-0.5 178,809 0.6 Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical 26-264 -4.6 2,015 1.8 40,902 0.3 189,458 0.8 148,557 2.1 Manufacture of electrical equipment 27-325 -3.6 244 0.1-681,808-2.1-292,920-0.7 388,889 4.2 Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. 28-1,200-4.9 5,492 1.2-565,752-0.7 204,618 0.2 770,370 2.7 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi- 29-154 -6.4 1,265 0.7-166,295-0.3 46,012 0.1 212,307 2.6 Manufacture of other transport equipment 30-126 -4.6 2,760 3.2 617,957 3.8 893,936 4.2 275,979 5.4 Manufacture of furniture 31-269 -1.4 669 0.4-40,767-0.3 35,318 0.2 76,083 1.3 Other manufacturing 32-163 -0.5 922 0.7 344,139 3.0 370,855 2.2 26,716 0.5 Repair and installation of machinery and equipment 33-501 -1.3-1,644-1.0-279,427-2.5-1,146,426-5.9-867,000-10.3 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 35-1,892-29.0 29,934 35.1 26,005,642 15.2 30,735,551 16.0 4,729,909 21.8 Water collection, treatment and supply 36-58 -6.8 574 1.9-104,012-2.9-64,480-0.9 39,532 1.1 Sewerage 37-26 -1.9-173 -1.7-37,433-4.1-35,776-2.3 1,657 0.3 Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; 38-441 -7.2-2,888-2.1-362,617-2.3-773,511-3.2-410,894-4.7 Remediation activities and other waste management 39-20 -3.7 25 0.5-5,677-0.9-3,440-0.4 2,237 0.7 Construction of buildings 41-5,404-3.6 4,390 0.9-88,518-0.1 397,425 0.4 485,943 2.0 Civil engineering 42-588 -7.4 2,139 2.1-617,944-2.8-255,878-0.9 362,065 7.2 Specialised construction activities 43-2,317-0.5 1,072 0.1-167,782-0.3 773,622 0.7 941,405 2.4 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 17

ITALY Changes by activities (NACE 2 digit level) (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) continuation Table 6 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Purchases of goods and serviceturnover Production value Value added (factor cost) (+/-) number % (+/-) number % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % (+/-) Euro % Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor 45-1,355-1.1 3,962 1.0-639,868-0.6 26,870 0.0 666,738 5.9 Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and 46-7,320-1.8 1,308 0.1-53,393,472-10.2-54,806,022-9.3-1,412,549-2.2 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and 47-3,757-0.6 4,659 0.2-2,402,941-0.9-1,133,159-0.4 1,269,782 2.3 Land transport and transport via pipelines 49-1,096-1.0-6,077-1.1-1,699,444-4.0-3,413,998-5.1-1,714,553-7.1 Water transport 50-93 -5.6 18,126 60.5 46,985 0.6 244,902 2.1 197,917 5.8 Air transport 51-24 -10.3-36 -0.1-52,415-0.9-69,176-0.8-16,759-0.5 Warehousing and support activities for 52-1,245-5.4 1,398 0.4-1,140,933-3.6-1,336,695-2.7-195,763-1.1 Postal and courier activities 53-31 -1.4 1,074 0.7 683,248 18.8 949,040 7.9 265,792 3.2 Accommodation 55-1,032-2.3-13 0.0-106,494-1.2 159,955 0.8 266,449 2.3 Food and beverage service activities 56-1,352-0.5-550 -0.1-66,725-0.2-39,100-0.1 27,625 0.1 Publishing activities 58-378 -6.1 1,469 3.7-210,799-2.9-113,568-1.0 97,232 2.6 Motion picture, video and television programme 59-242 -3.3 407 1.3 39,573 1.5 56,628 1.2 17,055 0.8 Programming and broadcasting activities 60-126 -8.8 1,641 5.6 123,076 2.8 215,424 2.1 92,349 1.6 Telecommunications 61-135 -3.2 8,767 9.1 480,012 2.2 1,017,314 2.2 537,302 2.2 Computer programming, consultancy and related 62-1,913-4.2-15,078-6.5-1,735,125-10.7-3,108,445-9.6-1,373,320-8.6 Information service activities 63-698 -2.1-3,669-3.1-516,788-6.5-739,081-5.4-222,292-3.8 Real estate activities 68-25,753-11.2-17,380-6.1-5,167,458-25.7-10,267,101-24.2-5,099,643-22.9 Legal and accounting activities 69-836 -0.3-2,352-0.5-55,035-0.7-133,328-0.4-78,293-0.3 Activities of head offices; management consultancy 70-4,336-8.5-30,375-23.1-5,330,456-26.1-7,279,463-25.6-1,949,007-24.4 Architectural and engineering activities; technical 71-1,465-0.7-11,374-3.8-1,263,474-10.7-2,457,545-10.1-1,194,070-9.6 Scientific research and development 72-235 -2.6-1,094-4.7-122,841-8.9-166,981-7.4-44,139-5.0 Advertising and market research 73-497 -2.5 829 1.5-4,090 0.0 6,608 0.0 10,698 0.4 Other professional, scientific and technical activities 74-1,205-1.0-1,167-0.6-88,137-1.2-110,842-0.7-22,705-0.3 Veterinary activities 75-13 -0.1-2 0.0-367 -0.2-201 0.0 167 0.1 Rental and leasing activities 77-851 -5.5-1,289-3.0-449,379-7.7-1,334,512-10.8-885,132-13.6 Employment activities 78-64 -5.3-16,277-7.1-145,672-18.3-179,098-2.5-33,426-0.5 Travel agency, tour operator reservation service and 79-265 -1.8 128 0.3-79,094-0.8-67,892-0.6 11,202 0.7 Security and investigation activities 80-198 -6.8 656 0.9 18,156 1.8 57,938 1.6 39,784 1.5 Services to buildings and landscape activities 81-300 -0.7 257 0.1-33,050-0.5 31,177 0.2 64,227 0.6 Office administrative, office support and other 82-1,724-2.6-4,514-1.8-230,139-0.9-177,307-0.5 52,832 0.6 Education 85-352 -1.3-1,147-1.3-185,041-8.1-262,740-6.0-77,700-3.7 Human health activities 86-1,063-0.4 1,122 0.2-99,169-0.9 61,465 0.2 160,634 0.7 Residential care activities 87-128 -2.9-354 -0.3-16,400-0.7-6,712-0.1 9,690 0.3 Social work activities without accommodation 88-21 -0.3 468 0.3 5,915 0.4 13,347 0.3 7,432 0.2 Creative, arts and entertainment activities 90-115 -0.4 36 0.1 3,161 0.3 14,313 0.6 11,152 0.8 Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural 91-19 -1.8-9 -0.1-4,271-2.0-1,194-0.2 3,077 1.1 Gambling and betting activities 92-205 -3.3 870 2.7 18,158 0.2 164,062 1.3 145,904 3.1 Sports activities and amusement and recreation 93-468 -1.7-334 -0.4-146,636-3.8-136,892-2.1 9,745 0.4 Repair of computers and personal and household 95-60 -0.2-150 -0.3-44,452-3.1-45,878-1.8-1,427-0.1 Other personal service activities 96-614 -0.4-605 -0.2-21,367-0.4-42,508-0.3-21,142-0.3 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 18

FRANCE Changes of the structure by NACE divisions (total =100) Table 7 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprisnumber of employeewages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100.0 100.0 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mining of metal ores 7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other mining and quarrying 8 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Mining support service activities 9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Manufacture of food product 10 1.6 2.4 3.7 4.0 3.0 3.3 3.8 4.2 5.7 5.9 2.8 3.3 Manufacture of beverages 11 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.7 Manufacture of tobacco product 12 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Manufacture of textiles 13 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Manufacture of wearing apparel 14 0.2 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Manufacture of leather and related products 15 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except 16 0.4 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting material Manufacture of paper and paper product 17 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.4 0.5 Printing and reproduction of recorded media 18 0.6 1.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products 19 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.9 2.0 3.1 3.2 1.0 1.1 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products 20 0.5 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 2.1 2.3 3.1 3.4 1.6 1.8 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and 21 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 0.9 1.3 pharmaceutical preparation Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 22 0.8 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.3 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 23 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.9 0.9 Manufacture of basic metals 24 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.5 0.5 0.6 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and 25 2.2 4.8 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 1.5 1.7 2.4 2.5 1.8 2.0 equipment Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical product 26 0.4 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.0 Manufacture of electrical equipment 27 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. 28 0.8 1.9 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.4 1.8 1.9 1.4 1.5 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers 29 0.3 0.6 1.7 1.9 1.8 2.0 2.8 3.4 2.9 3.2 1.4 1.9 Manufacture of other transport equipment 30 0.1 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.8 2.0 1.1 1.3 Manufacture of furniture 31 0.3 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 Other manufacturing 32 0.3 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Repair and installation of machinery and equipment 33 1.0 2.0 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 35 1.2 0.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.8 2.9 3.4 4.9 5.1 2.4 2.6 Water collection, treatment and supply 36 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 Sewerage 37 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials 38 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.7 recovery Remediation activities and other waste management services 39 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Construction of buildings 41 3.1 2.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.4 2.4 1.1 1.2 Civil engineering 42 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.9 1.0 1.1 Specialised construction activities 43 4.6 9.2 8.3 8.4 7.3 7.5 4.6 5.3 7.7 8.2 6.5 6.7 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 19

FRANCE Changes of the structure by NACE divisions (total =100) Table 7 continuation Activity NACE codes Number of enterprisnumber of employeewages and salaries Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Grand Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100.0 100.0 Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and 45 2.9 3.5 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.4 4.4 4.5 0.8 0.9 2.0 2.2 motorcycle Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 46 8.9 12.2 7.5 6.7 8.3 7.3 21.0 16.7 2.7 2.2 10.0 8.3 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles 47 7.5 10.9 11.2 11.7 8.3 9.0 11.6 12.7 0.9 1.3 7.7 8.7 Land transport and transport via pipelines 49 1.9 2.6 5.1 5.2 4.5 4.7 2.2 2.5 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.0 Water transport 50 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 Air transport 51 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 Warehousing and support activities for transportation 52 1.3 1.3 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 3.0 2.8 2.4 2.3 Postal and courier activities 53 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.1 0.9 Accommodation 55 1.9 2.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.2 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 Food and beverage service activities 56 2.0 2.6 4.5 4.5 3.2 3.2 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.6 2.7 Publishing activities 58 0.8 1.1 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 Motion picture, video and television programme production, 59 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 sound recording and music publishing activities Programming and broadcasting activities 60 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.4 Telecommunications 61 0.2 0.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.9 Computer programming, consultancy and related activities 62 1.2 1.7 2.3 2.2 2.9 2.9 1.2 1.2 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.4 Information service activities 63 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 Real estate activities 68 12.3 2.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.8 1.6 3.0 2.6 3.5 3.0 Legal and accounting activities 69 1.2 1.3 1.7 1.7 2.1 2.1 0.9 1.0 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.4 Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities 70 13.0 5.3 2.0 1.2 3.9 1.9 2.1 1.0 3.3 1.4 2.9 1.6 Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and 71 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.9 2.5 1.5 1.3 2.4 2.0 2.4 2.1 analysis Scientific research and development 72 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Advertising and market research 73 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.0 0.7 0.7 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 Other professional, scientific and technical activities 74 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 Veterinary activities 75 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Rental and leasing activities 77 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.1 0.8 Employment activities 78 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.8 3.8 3.7 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.4 2.5 2.5 Travel agency, tour operator reservation service and related 79 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 activities Security and investigation activities 80 0.2 0.3 1.1 1.1 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 Services to buildings and landscape activities 81 0.7 1.1 2.6 2.6 1.6 1.7 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.2 Office administrative, office support and other business support 82 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 0.9 0.9 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 activities Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 84 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Education 85 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Human health activities 86 0.7 0.8 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.7 1.8 2.0 3.1 3.2 4.7 4.8 Residential care activities 87 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Social work activities without accommodation 88 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Creative, arts and entertainment activities 90 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities 91 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Gambling and betting activities 92 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.3 0.3 Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities 93 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 Activities of membership organisations 94 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Repair of computers and personal and household goods 95 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 Other personal service activities 96 0.6 0.6 1.3 1.3 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 20

ITALY Changes of the structure by NACE divisions (total=100 ) Table 8 Activity NACE codes Number of enterprises Number of employees Purchases of goods and services Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas 6 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.01 2.40 0.21 1.90 0.19 0.36 0.12 Mining of metal ores 7 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Other mining and quarrying 8 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.11 0.09 0.09 0.11 0.11 0.17 0.17 Mining support service activities 9 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 Manufacture of food product 10 1.27 1.28 2.44 2.45 3.73 3.79 3.43 3.49 2.50 2.54 Manufacture of beverages 11 0.07 0.06 0.22 0.23 0.53 0.54 0.52 0.53 0.48 0.49 Manufacture of tobacco product 12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 Manufacture of textiles 13 0.36 0.36 0.89 0.89 0.71 0.71 0.74 0.75 0.83 0.85 Manufacture of wearing apparel 14 0.76 0.76 1.37 1.39 0.99 1.06 1.01 1.08 1.06 1.15 Manufacture of leather and related products 15 0.36 0.36 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.89 0.86 0.88 0.83 0.84 Manufacture of wood and of products of wood 16 0.77 0.79 0.86 0.87 0.48 0.49 0.52 0.52 0.63 0.64 Manufacture of paper and paper product 17 0.09 0.09 0.46 0.46 0.72 0.73 0.71 0.72 0.65 0.66 Printing and reproduction of recorded media 18 0.38 0.38 0.58 0.58 0.31 0.32 0.39 0.40 0.63 0.63 Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum 19 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.14 2.18 5.05 1.70 3.91 0.20 0.44 Manufacture of chemicals and chemical 20 0.10 0.10 0.68 0.70 1.88 1.88 1.70 1.71 1.12 1.17 Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products 21 0.01 0.01 0.39 0.41 0.81 0.89 0.85 0.92 0.97 1.03 Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 22 0.25 0.24 1.12 1.12 1.42 1.43 1.41 1.42 1.38 1.40 Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral 23 0.51 0.51 1.26 1.27 1.04 1.04 1.11 1.13 1.35 1.38 Manufacture of basic metals 24 0.09 0.09 0.78 0.81 2.42 2.47 2.08 2.13 1.03 1.09 Manufacture of fabricated metal products, 25 1.65 1.66 3.37 3.38 2.34 2.35 2.65 2.67 3.61 3.63 Manufacture of computer, electronic and 26 0.13 0.13 0.69 0.70 0.66 0.67 0.72 0.73 0.91 0.93 Manufacture of electrical equipment 27 0.21 0.21 1.03 1.03 1.35 1.34 1.31 1.32 1.20 1.25 Manufacture of machinery and equipment 28 0.56 0.55 2.81 2.85 3.32 3.35 3.44 3.48 3.79 3.90 Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and 29 0.05 0.05 1.04 1.05 2.06 2.09 1.83 1.85 1.09 1.12 Manufacture of other transport equipment 30 0.06 0.06 0.54 0.55 0.68 0.71 0.68 0.71 0.67 0.70 Manufacture of furniture 31 0.43 0.43 0.92 0.92 0.63 0.63 0.66 0.67 0.78 0.79 Other manufacturing 32 0.72 0.73 0.77 0.78 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.56 0.72 0.73 Repair and installation of machinery and 33 0.90 0.90 1.00 0.99 0.46 0.46 0.62 0.59 1.10 0.99 Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning 35 0.15 0.11 0.52 0.71 7.19 8.41 6.13 7.19 2.85 3.47 Water collection, treatment and supply 36 0.02 0.02 0.18 0.19 0.15 0.15 0.22 0.22 0.45 0.46 Sewerage 37 0.03 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 Waste collection, treatment and disposal 38 0.14 0.13 0.83 0.81 0.67 0.66 0.78 0.77 1.14 1.08 Remediation activities and other waste 39 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.04 Construction of buildings 41 3.45 3.39 2.99 3.01 3.02 3.06 3.07 3.11 3.21 3.27 Civil engineering 42 0.18 0.17 0.62 0.64 0.93 0.92 0.86 0.87 0.66 0.70 Specialised construction activities 43 9.88 10.01 6.57 6.58 2.72 2.75 3.31 3.37 5.13 5.26 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 21

ITALY Changes of the structure by NACE divisions (total=100 ) Table 8 continuation Activity NACE Number of enterprises Number of employees Purchases of goods and services Turnover Production value Value added (factor cost) LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor 45 2.73 2.75 2.40 2.43 4.40 4.44 3.69 3.73 1.47 1.56 Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and 46 9.30 9.31 7.21 7.22 22.11 20.15 18.81 17.25 8.56 8.38 Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and 47 14.83 15.02 11.52 11.55 11.10 11.16 10.16 10.24 7.24 7.41 Land transport and transport via pipelines 49 2.45 2.47 3.34 3.30 1.78 1.74 2.12 2.04 3.18 2.95 Water transport 50 0.04 0.04 0.18 0.30 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.38 0.45 0.47 Air transport 51 0.01 0.00 0.16 0.16 0.24 0.24 0.29 0.29 0.42 0.42 Warehousing and support activities for 52 0.53 0.51 2.03 2.04 1.33 1.31 1.60 1.57 2.41 2.39 Postal and courier activities 53 0.05 0.05 1.00 1.00 0.15 0.18 0.38 0.42 1.10 1.13 Accommodation 55 1.05 1.04 1.63 1.63 0.37 0.37 0.64 0.65 1.49 1.53 Food and beverage service activities 56 5.92 6.00 6.24 6.24 1.13 1.15 1.57 1.58 2.90 2.91 Publishing activities 58 0.14 0.14 0.24 0.25 0.31 0.30 0.35 0.35 0.49 0.50 Motion picture, video and television programme 59 0.17 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.11 0.11 0.15 0.16 0.28 0.29 Programming and broadcasting activities 60 0.03 0.03 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.19 0.33 0.34 0.77 0.79 Telecommunications 61 0.10 0.09 0.59 0.64 0.93 0.97 1.47 1.52 3.14 3.21 Computer programming, consultancy and related 62 1.04 1.01 1.42 1.33 0.69 0.62 1.03 0.94 2.09 1.91 Information service activities 63 0.76 0.75 0.74 0.71 0.34 0.32 0.44 0.42 0.76 0.73 Real estate activities 68 5.29 4.79 1.74 1.63 0.85 0.64 1.35 1.04 2.92 2.26 Legal and accounting activities 69 6.21 6.30 2.92 2.91 0.32 0.32 1.03 1.04 3.24 3.23 Activities of head offices; management 70 1.17 1.09 0.81 0.62 0.86 0.65 0.91 0.68 1.05 0.79 Architectural and engineering activities; 71 4.89 4.94 1.85 1.78 0.50 0.45 0.78 0.71 1.64 1.48 Scientific research and development 72 0.21 0.21 0.14 0.14 0.06 0.05 0.07 0.07 0.12 0.11 Advertising and market research 73 0.46 0.46 0.35 0.35 0.55 0.55 0.49 0.50 0.34 0.34 Other professional, scientific and technical 74 2.86 2.88 1.13 1.12 0.32 0.32 0.48 0.48 0.96 0.96 Veterinary activities 75 0.25 0.25 0.08 0.08 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 Rental and leasing activities 77 0.36 0.34 0.26 0.26 0.25 0.23 0.40 0.36 0.85 0.74 Employment activities 78 0.03 0.03 1.41 1.31 0.03 0.03 0.22 0.22 0.82 0.82 Travel agency, tour operator reservation service 79 0.35 0.35 0.29 0.29 0.44 0.45 0.39 0.39 0.22 0.22 Security and investigation activities 80 0.07 0.06 0.45 0.46 0.04 0.04 0.12 0.12 0.34 0.35 Services to buildings and landscape activities 81 1.03 1.04 2.99 2.99 0.27 0.27 0.52 0.53 1.31 1.32 Office administrative, office support and other 82 1.53 1.52 1.51 1.49 1.05 1.05 1.09 1.09 1.21 1.22 Education 85 0.60 0.60 0.54 0.53 0.10 0.09 0.14 0.13 0.28 0.26 Human health activities 86 5.55 5.63 2.90 2.91 0.49 0.49 1.10 1.12 3.01 3.03 Residential care activities 87 0.10 0.10 0.78 0.78 0.10 0.10 0.19 0.19 0.46 0.46 Social work activities without accommodation 88 0.18 0.18 0.92 0.92 0.07 0.07 0.15 0.15 0.40 0.40 Creative, arts and entertainment activities 90 0.62 0.63 0.24 0.24 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.18 0.18 Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural 91 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 Gambling and betting activities 92 0.14 0.14 0.20 0.20 0.32 0.32 0.39 0.40 0.61 0.63 Sports activities and amusement and recreation 93 0.65 0.65 0.52 0.52 0.16 0.16 0.21 0.21 0.35 0.35 Repair of computers and personal and household 95 0.61 0.62 0.29 0.29 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.08 0.15 0.15 Other personal service activities 96 4.01 4.07 2.36 2.36 0.25 0.25 0.44 0.45 1.05 1.05 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 22

FRANCE Table 9 Changes by size classes of enterprises (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) Size class Number of enterprise Wages salaries and Turnover Value Added Employment Production value Total -4.2 0,0-8,2 0,0 0,0-4,7 0-9 -3,4-9,9-21,9-13,3-5,8-18,9 10-19 -14,2-15,8-24,6-17,0-14,6-21,8 20-49 -25,0-25,9-42,3-31,0-25,8-33,9 50-249 -23,6-24,5-32,4-24,4-23,8-33,0 250 and more -11,0 26,2 21,7 28,5 26,4 20,8 FRANCE Changes of the structure by size classes of enterprises (total=100) Table10 Size class Number of enterprise Wages and salaries Turnover Value Added Employment Production value LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 0-9 94.90 95.69 22.30 20.09 22.09 18.81 26.44 22.93 21.74 20.48 21.29 18.12 10-19 2.62 2.35 8.32 7.00 6.60 5.42 6.90 5.72 8.99 7.68 6.10 5.00 20-49 1.64 1.29 11.76 8.71 11.96 7.51 10.48 7.23 12.94 9.59 10.35 7.17 50-249 0.69 0.55 16.82 12.71 17.72 13.06 15.28 11.55 17.85 13.60 16.30 11.46 250 and more 0.14 0.13 40.80 51.49 41.63 55.20 40.91 52.58 38.49 48.64 45.96 58.25 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 23

ITALY Changes by size classes of enterprises (data by enterprises/data by legal units *100-100 ) Table 11 Size class Number of Purchases of goods Turnover Value Added Employment enterprise and services Total -1.8-1.5-1.1 0.0 0.0 0-9 -1.7-8.3-7.2-4.9-1.3 10-19 -4.0-13.9-11.8-5.4-3.9 20-49 -4.4-11.2-10.5-7.8-4.6 50-249 -4.3-18.5-15.4-2.2-4.3 250 and more 1.5 23.5 21.0 12.4 10.3 ITALY Changes of the structure by size classes of enterprises (total=100 ) Table 12 Size class Number of enterprise Purchases of goods and services Turnover Value Added Employment LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT LU ENT Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 0-9 95.39 95.49 24.82 23.11 27.28 25.59 34.90 33.18 48.01 47.40 10-19 2.86 2.80 10.64 9.30 10.58 9.43 10.40 9.84 10.41 10.01 20-49 1.18 1.15 12.30 11.08 12.04 10.90 11.20 10.33 9.61 9.17 50-249 0.49 0.47 21.01 17.39 19.64 16.81 15.36 15.02 12.60 12.06 250 and more 0.08 0.08 31.22 39.13 30.47 37.28 28.13 31.63 19.37 21.36 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 24

REPORT of INSEE (Attached) REPORT of ISTAT (Attached) 2013, SOGETI Luxembourg S.A. Page 25