Passive House
Table of Contents Editorial 2 Neopor Innovation in Insulation 3 Passive House Active Environmental Protection 4-5 Energy Certificate 6 Study on the Effects of Thermal Insulation 7 Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction 8-13 Living in the Passive House 14-15 Properties of Neopor 16 Key Data of Neopor Insulation Materials 17 BASF Projects in the Field of Energy Efficiency 18-19 1930 1995 Neopor Patent for the polymerization of monostyrene Patent for Neopor 1920 1925 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 1951 Styropor Patent for expandable polystyrene (EPS, Styropor ) Quality Products from BASF The Benchmark in Polystyrene For Over 50 years Editorial Styropor Behind this name lies a success story that is everyone s goal. BASF discovered a classic over 50 years ago in expandable polystyrene (EPS). Under the tradename Styropor, EPS is now the solution for efficient insulation and safe packaging worldwide. With Neopor, BASF has taken the classic Styropor a step further. This new material for modern insulating materials is foamed just like Styropor and processed to boards and molded parts. The vital difference can be seen with the naked eye in the silver-gray color. In Neopor, graphite is added to the material, absorbing and reflecting heat radiation and improving the insulating performance of EPS by up to 20 percent. Products made from BASF s Neopor are an economic investment in the future and add to the value of a property.
Small, Round, Black One Material, Many Applications Neopor Neopor is composed of small black beads of polystyrene (EPS) containing blowing agent, which makes it expandable. BASF produces this unique material, which is processed by foam manufacturers into insulating materials for a wide range of different applications. up to insulates better These black beads are foamed by converters on conventional EPS machines and processed to silver-gray foam blocks and molded parts with up to 0 percent better insulating performance than conventional EPS. The blocks are then cut to boards of different thicknesses. Neopor insulating materials offer greater insulating performance and up to 50 percent lower use of materials than conventional EPS, helping environmental conservation and saving money. Environmentally-friendly Neopor insulating materials do not contain CFCs, HCFCs, HFCs, or other halogenated cell gases. They contain air as cell gas, which guarantees the preservation of the thermal conductivity throughout the life of the construction. Neopor insulating materials therefore represent a modern, environmentally aware lifestyle. We call it: "Innovation in Insulation." 3Neopor Innovation in Insulation
Passive House Active Environmental Protection The Passive House An Active Contribution to Environmental Protection The passive house this concept started its triumphant success only two decades ago. Its history began with a dissertation by two visionaries, Bo Andersen and Wolfgang Feist. Their answer to rising energy costs: a house without heating. At the time just a vision, the passive house has since gathered more acceptance as a construction method. The latest regulation files of the European Parliament from January 2008 see the passive house standard as the future, legally required energy standard for all new construction. Passive houses are not only energy-saving, but above all feel-good homes, as the living climate and comfort is demonstrably better than in conventional buildings. The Parameters for a Passive House A passive house can do without conventional heating and air conditioning. Nevertheless, it remains cozy and warm in winter, but stays cool in summer. The energy expenditure, however, is exceptionally low, as the passive house has a remaining heat demand of only 15 kwh/(m 2 a) for heating. This corresponds to the heating value of 1.5 liters of heating oil per square meter of surface in one year. The CO 2 Balance 3:1 for Climate Protection BASF was the first company worldwide to submit a comprehensive CO 2 balance sheet in February 2008. The results of the investigations reveal that BASF products save three times more in greenhouse gas emissions than the amount generated by the manufacturing and disposal of all BASF products. For the first time, the CO 2 balance sheet shows not only the emissions from BASF s production, but also takes into account the output from raw material supply and precursors, as well as the disposal of all products. In addition, the company examined the life cycles of 90 products that, as a consequence of their use, clearly reduce CO 2 emissions in end products. An independent assessment by Öko-Institut, based in Freiburg, Germany, confirmed the validity of BASF s calculations. Detached single-family passive house in Alsheim, Germany kwh/(m² a) 250 200 150 100 50 1 0-1 -2-3 Stock WSVO 1 84 WSVO 1 95 EnEV 2 1 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS METRIC TONS PER YEAR 87 MILLION 3 2002 1 German Heat Insulation Ordinance (WSVO) 2 German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) 3 German Reconstruction Loan Corporation (KfW) 15 kwh/(m² a) KfW 3 60 KfW 3 40 Passive house Comparison of heating energy consumption for different construction types in kwh/(m² a) GREENHOUSE GAS SAVINGS METRIC TONS PER YEAR 252 MILLION CO 2 savings achieved through BASF products are three times as high as the amount emitted in product manufacturing and disposal 4
The U Value of a Passive House Maximum heat transfer coefficients are defined for all components of the passive house envelope. Therefore, all opaque, that is to say nontranslucent, exterior building elements must not exceed a U value of 0.15 W/(m 2 K), or 0.8 W/(m 2 K) for the windows contained therein. A particularly well-insulated building envelope is thus typical for passive houses. When calculating the passive house standard, any thermal bridges (e.g., roller shutter housings, balconies, and window lintels) are rated and their respective heat losses accounted for. Exterior wall U value 0,15 W/(m² K) U value of opaque (nontranslucent) exterior building elements 0,15 W/(m² K) Air-tight layer Window U value 0,8 W/(m² K) Air Tightness and Fresh Air for More Living Comfort The air tightness of the entire building envelope is also checked, as well as the installed building equipment, using the so-called blower door test. The test is passed if the building shows an air exchange rate below 0.6 h -1 with high- and low-pressure conditions of 50 pascals (n 50 ). So-called living space ventilation equipment is frequently used in passive houses in order to transfer residual heat into the rooms. Permanent ventilation provides more living comfort because the rooms are always adequately supplied with fresh air, which cannot be guaranteed when using traditional window ventilation. In the summer, the supply air can be precooled by a geothermal heat exchanger and thereby counteract overheating. Through the use of highly efficient heat recovery systems, the energy remains in the building while fresh air is continuously supplied. As an additional effect, the room air in passive houses can thus achieve the quality of air at a climatic health resort. When using passive house technology in nonresidential buildings, such as offices and schools, permanent air exchange has been shown to have a positive effect on work and concentration abilities. Numerous studies have substantiated this effect and reveal an additional noticeable improvement of hygiene. Blower door test tool Maximum heat transfer coefficients and air exchange rate of a passive house with high- and low-pressure conditions A Passive House Pays for Itself When you invest in a building, the goal is to combine economic efficiency with climate protection. That s exactly what you get when opting for a passive house. The additional investment compared to buildings that are constructed in accordance with applicable energy standards (German Energy Saving Ordinance, EnEV) amount to about 6 8 percent of the total construction cost of the building, based on well-founded calculations. These are offset by annual savings of approximately 60 80 percent of the energy demand, which equates to a payback period of less than 15 years, depending on the development of energy prices. The quickest way to realize this return is through investment in insulation materials. Potential energy savings per year 6 8% Air exchange rate at 50 pascals (n 50 ) 0,6 h -1 Additional investment 60 80% Additional costs and energy savings for passive houses in comparison to buildings in accordance with the German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) Passive House Active Environmental Protection 5
Energy Certificate The energy certificate indicates the energy consumption of a building using a color scale (green for low, red for high). In addition to the annual final energy requirement, such as heating, ventilation, and water heating, this scale also highlights the primary energy demand of the building. The primary energy demand is the total amount of energy, which also includes energy required for the provision of final energy, such as for production and transportation. By means of the energy certificate, renters can thus see how high energy costs will be when looking for an apartment or a house. Landlords and sellers, on the other hand, can use the energy certificate to market their property as energy-efficient. As of July 1, 008, owners who are renting a building for the first time, or who would like to lease or sell it, must give the future renter or buyer the opportunity to review the energy certificate. Passivhaus Example of an energy certificate You can find additional information on the dena site (German Energy Agency): www.dena.de Home equipment 20 35% Roof 15 20% Windows 20 25% Study on the Effects of Thermal Insulation The cost for additional thermal insulation pays off after only four to eight years, according to the calculations of a BASF study. At today s energy prices, a homeowner in Paris, London, or Frankfurt can, with the appropriate thermal insulation, save 15,000 to 17,000 euros within fifty years, explains the physicist Jürgen Schneiders of the Passive House Institute. Energy Certificate Ventilation 10 20% Walls 20 25% Floors 5 10% Insulation materials made of Neopor significantly reduce energy losses in the roof, walls, and floors So-called energy-saving houses demonstrate that BASF products can increase the energy efficiency of buildings in different climates and for different types of buildings. They only require three liters of heating oil per square meter in a year and show what is possible with innovative building materials when renovating old buildings. The application of BASF s know-how has already spanned the globe. The company has implemented energy-saving houses in Rome, Slovakia, South Korea, and the United States. 6
Study on the Potential Savings from Thermal Insulation in Countries with Warm and Moderate Climates Countries with moderate climate: Frankfurt am Main, Germany Cost effectiveness of thermal insulation* Investment [EUR] 5,500 Savings [EUR/year] with constant energy prices 940 Payback period [years] 5.8 Savings after payback period (during the life cycle) Energy price development 1 [EUR] Savings after payback period (during the life cycle) Energy price development 2 [EUR] 16,600 40,900 1 Moderate real-price increase 2 Higher price increase Energy requirement and CO 2 emissions in the model 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 Room heating requirement Energy [kwh/(m 2 a)] Heating energy requirement Primary energy CO 2 [kg/(m 2 a)] CO 2 emissions Minimum Average Good Very good Minimum Average Good Very good Insulation: No insulation Double glazing, U 2,8 W/(m²K), g 0,76 68 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 6 h -1 Natural ventilation (window) Insulation: Roof 10 cm, wall** 8 cm, perimeter and floor slabs 4 cm, double glazing with low-e coating and gas filling, U 1.2 W/(m²K), g 0.53 68 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 4 h -1 Air exhaust system Countries with warm climate: Seville, Spain Cost effectiveness of thermal insulation* Investment [EUR] 2,800 Savings [EUR/year] with constant energy prices 360 Payback period [years] 7.8 Savings after payback period (during the life cycle) Energy price development 1 [EUR] Savings after payback period (during the life cycle) Energy price development 2 [EUR] 5,600 13,200 1 Moderate real-price increase 2 Higher price increase Insulation: Roof 15 cm, wall** 15 cm, perimeter and floor slabs 8 cm, double glazing with low-e coating and gas filling, U 1.2 W/(m²K), g 0.53 68 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 1.5 h -1 Air exhaust system * The product applications analyzed are only examples of a wide range of possibilities. Savings were calculated by comparison of buildings defined as minimal and good. ** Wall insulation made of Neopor. Insulation: Roof 30 cm, wall** 30 cm, perimeter and floor slabs 20 cm, triple glazing with low-e coating and gas filling, U 0.51 W/(m²K), g 0.52 68 mm passive-house window profiles Air tightness: n 50 = 0.5 h -1 Ventilation system with 85% heat recovery Minimum Average Good Very good Minimum Average Good Very good Insulation: No insulation Double glazing, U 5.7 W/(m²K), g 0.85 45 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 6 h -1 Natural ventilation (window) 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 Insulation: Roof 4 cm, wall** 4 cm, perimeter 2 cm, floor slabs 0 cm, normal glazing, U 5.7 W/(m²K), g 0.85 45 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 4 h -1 Air exhaust system Energy requirement and CO 2 emissions in the model Room heating requirement Heating energy requirement Energy [kwh/(m 2 a)] Room cooling requirement Insulation: Roof 8 cm, wall** 10 cm, perimeter 4 cm, floor slabs 0 cm, double glazing, U 2.8 W/(m²K), g 0.76 68 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 1.5 h -1 Air exhaust system Electricity for cooling Primary energy CO 2 [kg/(m 2 a)] CO 2 emissions Insulation: Roof 15 cm, wall** 15 cm, perimeter 6 cm, floor slabs 0 cm, double glazing with low-e coating and gas filling, U 1.2 W/(m²K), g 0.53 68 mm window profiles made of wood Air tightness: n 50 = 0.5 h -1 Ventilation system with 85% heat recovery (if cooling) 7Study on the Effects of Thermal Insulation
Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction A passive house is characterized by a seamlessly wellinsulated building envelope, from the floor slab to the roof. In contrast to the basic construction of traditional buildings, the floor slab is directly placed on insulation boards so that it is constructed free of thermal bridges from the beginning. Several commercial products are now available for the insulation of floor slabs, such as Peripor or Styrodur C from BASF. A major advantage of this approach is that the workmanship and manufacture of a floor pan obviates the need for costly formwork. Insulating concrete forms (ICF) Special structural components Interior insulation Exterior insulation (ETICS) Floor insulation Ceiling insulation For components that are in contact with the soil, such as basement exterior walls, perimeter insulation (e.g., Styrodur C) is applied. The perimeter insulation can be continued seamlessly and free of thermal bridges as an external thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) with insulation material made of Neopor along the above-ground exterior walls. The transitions for the ETICS from wall surfaces to openings for windows and doors are critical, because also in these areas thermal bridge-free construction must be insured to the extent possible. Proper execution can be checked during the planning stage by means of isothermal pictures (see page 10). Neopor applications overview 8
Color map presentations of temperature layers within the construction elements help to ensure that errors are avoided as early as the planning stage. Overall, this holistic structural-physical approach is of great importance. Especially for passive houses, air-tight construction and thermal bridge-free details are obligatory. For flat and steep roof construction, the details of ensuring a seamless insulation layer can vary a great deal. However, the same principle applies to all variations: The insulation layer must be implemented like a red thread around the entire building. For roof surfaces, this basic principle of energyoptimized construction is often challenged by the requirements for air exhaust pipe or roof window installation. This creates thermal bridges, whose losses must be energetically compensated elsewhere through improved measures in order to meet the passive house specifications. After the thermal insulation has been planned in a seamless fashion around the entire building and all the connection details have been developed, the projecting parts (canopies, balconies, etc.) must be considered. The best solution is to thermally separate these components from the insulated structure. If this is not possible, these thermal bridges must be carefully incorporated in the overall thermal insulation. In order to find technically clean and aesthetically acceptable solutions, thermal bridge calculations are essential. Flat roof insulation Noninsulated roof Cavity insulation / loose beads Attic insulation Pitched roof insulation Insulation behind curtain walls Insulation for post and beam construction Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction 9
Construction Sketches and Development of Isotherms Neopor Above-rafter insulation in steep roofs Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction Development of isotherms for the construction with exterior insulation (ETICS) and heated basement What is the development of isotherms? The development of isotherms shows the temperature layers within the building enclosure elements. Assuming an outside temperature of -10 C and a normal living space temperature of +21 C, the temperature layers Neopor Exterior insulation Styrodur C Perimeter Styrodur C Insulation below the floor slab Cross section of construction with exterior insulation (ETICS) and heated basement (ETICS) insulation vary depending on the thickness and composition of the building elements. These are represented as lines or colored areas, and show particularly in the transitional areas of adjacent components (for example, from 10
Neopor Flat roof insulation Neopor Exterior insulation (ETICS) Peripor Insulation in the base area Peripor Insulation below the foundation slab Cross section of construction with exterior insulation (ETICS) on floor slab foundation window to wall), whether the temperature layers are linear or kinked. This kinking of the isothermal line is proof of possible thermal bridges. Isothermal depictions also reveal critical temperature Cross section of construction with exterior insulation (ETICS) on floor slab foundation developments in places such as building corners, and give the designer an indication of surface temperatures that might bear mold risks. Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction 11
Unheated Basements and Insulation of Special Thermal Bridges ETICS or Core Insulation of the Exterior Wall Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction Exterior wall structural, e.g., brickwork Exterior insulation (ETICS) with insulation materials made of Neopor Load-bearing ceiling structure Insulating brick Perimeter insulation with Styrodur C Basement-ceiling insulation above unheated basement Exterior wall, e.g., ferroconcrete When designing passive houses, it can be practical to consider a so-called cold basement with a ceiling insulating layer over the entire basement story. This has the advantage of reducing the overall heated volume and thereby the total heating requirement for the house. Balconies in the Passive House Standard Floating screed (reinforced) Ceiling structure, e.g., ferroconcrete Neopor The new thermal and footfall sound insulation element Schöck Isokorb XT can be considered a minimal thermal bridging construction, according to the criteria of the Passive House Institute in Darmstadt, Germany. The Schöck Isokorb XT is thus the first and only connecting element for cantilevered components that is certified for minimal thermal bridging construction in the passive house standard. It gives the planner more freedom of design in connection with passive house construction. With improved materials, a reduced reinforcement cross section, and the 120 mm thick insulating body of Neopor, Schöck Isokorb XT enables construction in accordance with the highest energy standard and thereby fulfills the strict requirements for passive house construction. Planners and building contractors can obtain further information at www.schoeck.com. Window connection Passive house window Exterior wall, e.g., ferroconcrete Exterior insulation (ETICS) with insulation materials made of Neopor Exterior wall with window connection Exterior walls should keep heat inside the building when exterior temperatures are low, and protect against the penetration of summer heat at the same time. To ensure this, there are basically three insulation options: Depending on the wall construction, full heat insulation or ETICS can be considered for exterior insulation or core insulation. In special cases (for example, for monument protection), an interior insulation is conceivable. The exterior insulation provides for sufficient thermal insulation within the wall structure and protects against runoff and penetrating warmth, and makes the wall construction a thermally active component. Special attention is paid to building element connections, such as around windows and doors. Transitions that are air-tight and free of thermal bridges have to be ensured in this regard. The quality required in passive house construction can be guaranteed by using thermal imaging, blower door tests, and by reviewing the development of isotherms. (Source: Schöck Bauteile GmbH) The Schöck Isokorb XT with a Neopor insulating core improves the thermal insulation as compared to the previous product generation by 30 percent. 12
Above-rafter Insulation in Steep Roofs Flat Roof Insulation Neopor as above-rafter insulation in steep roofs; also on timber formwork, if required Exterior insulation (ETICS) with insulation materials made of Neopor Steep roof facade, roof/eaves construction Insulation material as thermal bridge-free composite around wall plate Brickwork or ferroconcrete Window connection Passive house window The roof of a passive house represents a large proportion of the building s envelope surface, so that there is a potentially significant heat transmission through it. Penetrations require special attention. Reconstruction and Modernization The energetic improvement of building elements is not only of use for new construction, but also for the reconstruction, modernization, and conversion of existing buildings. And it pays off. Using materials that are available on the market, it is possible to significantly improve the energy balance of the building, particularly in terms of insulation measures. Exterior insulation (ETICS) with insulation materials made of Neopor Vapor barrier Flat roof fascia construction Thermal bridge-free upper fascia connection Gap insulation made of Neopor Load-bearing roof structure, e.g., ferroconcrete Window connection free of thermal bridges In principle, there are two different variations of flat roofs for passive houses: the noninsulated or warm roof and the cold roof. With cold roofs, similar to steep roofs, the weathered layer is separated from the insulation layer by an air space. With noninsulated roofs, however, the insulating layer is in direct contact with the water-channeling layer (sealing). This results in higher thermal loads, but also calls for a higher compressive strength of the material, since the noninsulated roof is directly accessed for inspections and repairs. Most older buildings exhibit energy requirements for heating of over 250 kwh/(m 2 a), which is equivalent to 25 liters of heating oil. Through well-planned and -executed insulating measures, this value can be reduced by a factor of 10. This not only alleviates the negative effects on the environment, but also the wallet. And as is the case for passive houses, it is possible to improve the living space comfort by using the same elements as in passive house construction, such as triple-pane glazing and interior comfort ventilation, and thereby to create a healthy and livable environment in old houses. 13Neopor Applications in Passive House Construction
Duplex passive house in Lützelsachsen, near Heidelberg, Germany, during insulation work with Neopor insulation materials Vacation at Home Living in the Passive House To relax and be happy that utility costs don t matter anymore. That s what a relaxed builder from Lützelsachsen, near Heidelberg, Germany, had to say, who chose to construct a passive house. Key requirements for the builder s family were maximum independence from steadily rising energy costs combined with the best living comfort. Together with the r-m-p architects from Mannheim, Germany, it was quickly established that only a passive house constructed of wood could meet these expectations. A former vineyard with a steep slope and glorious views of the Rhine Valley was the perfect spot for the ambitious passive house construction project. In addition to the energy and construction guidelines for the house, the residents wanted to achieve an ambience of vacation at home. Hence, a canopied beach chair was the model for the exceptional architecture of the duplex house with an ecologically modern lifestyle. An elegant curved roof and the exterior east wall being tilted by five percent serve to reinforce this impression. Easy to recognize in the sectional drawing: the building shape resembling a canopied beach chair Both flats feature similar construction in the private areas, but do not conform to the usual access systems and are practically set upside down. The first apartment, which stretches over the lower and first floor, has the living area on the lower level with access to the garden and terrace. In the second apartment, located on the second and top floor, the living area is found on the top floor with a spacious roof terrace. In order to reduce heat loss, the entire building envelope was enclosed with a 30 cm thick insulating layer of Neopor. In addition, the east and north sides contain only small windows, while the main and garden sides deliver the greatest amount of solar heat. Four geothermal baskets provide the necessary energy to supply the compact equipment for water heating as well as the residual heat generation for room heating. 14
Besides the cisterns for garden irrigation, pipes have been added in the south facade for later retrofitting of solar heat modules. Sections of wood paneling can be substituted by solar modules for this purpose. As is common with passive houses, the living spaces and bedrooms are supplied with fresh air, which is sucked from the corridors and the bathrooms, toilets, or kitchen. The considerable independence from fossil fuels, the high degree of living comfort, the positive ecological balance, and improved sound insulation makes a passive house absolutely sustainable. The 30 cm thick Neopor insulation boards significantly contribute to the reduction of heat loss. Passive House Project Passive house in Lützelsachsen Architect: r-m-p architekten, Kaiserring 30, 68161 Mannheim Building equipment: Dr. Thomas Dippel, Kehlstaße 7/1, 71665 Vaihingen Year constructed: 008 Interior temperature: 0.0 C Enclosed volume V e : 1139 m 3 Internal heat sources:.1 W/m Values with respect to the energy reference area Energy reference area: 5.4 m Used: PHPP annual method PH certificate: Fulfilled Energy reference value thermal heat: 15 kwh/(m a) 15 kwh/(m a) Pressure test result: 0.4 h -1 0.6 h -1 Primary energy reference value (WW, heat, auxiliary, and household electricity): 118 kwh/(m a) 10 kwh/(m a) Primary energy reference value (WW, heating, and auxiliary electricity): 53 kwh/(m a) Heating load: 11 W/m Excess temperature frequency: 7% above 5 C Primary reference value in relation to effective area as per German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV) Effective area as per German Energy Saving Ordinance (EnEV): 364,5 m Requirement: Fulfilled Primary energy reference value (WW, heating, and auxiliary electricity): 36 kwh/(m a) 40 kwh/(m a) 15Living in the Passive House
0.045 0.040 0.037 0.035 0.032 0.030 EPS Neopor 0.025 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Density [kg/m 3 ] Thermal insulation The excellent effect of Neopor insulating materials offers architects, engineers, craftsmen, and builders significant advantages in building practice. The Neopor infrared absorbers or reflectors considerably reduce thermal conductivity, and the heat permeability of the material is lower compared to normal insulating boards. Thermal conductivity Vastly improved insulating effects can be achieved with Neopor, particularly with very low bulk densities. The diagram shows that Neopor insulating materials with a bulk density of 15 kg/m 3, for example, achieve a thermal conductivity of 0.032 W/(m K). Compared to conventional EPS with the same bulk density, the thermal conductivity is 0.037 W/(m K). Properties of Neopor Sound protection Elasticized insulating materials made of Neopor not only account for energy savings but also considerably improve the sound protection of buildings. Studies have shown that the sound-insulating properties of thermal insulation composite systems with elasticized Neopor bring about an improvement of the sound-insulation coefficient of up to 4 db, depending on the solid wall, the panel thickness and the type of stucco or plaster. Thermal insulation in comparison The ecoefficiency analysis looks at products and processes from both the economic and the ecological point of view. The result of an evaluation of this nature, in the example of the thermal insulation composite system (ETICS) with a U value of 0.29 W/(m 2 K), is shown in the diagram. The major advantage of Neopor insulating boards lies in the reduced use of raw materials of up to 50 percent, generating savings in terms of costs and resources, which in turn reduces the impact on the environment. Compared to alternative products, Neopor insulating materials bear economic advantages with lower environmental impact and therefore offer ecoefficient insulating solutions for up-to-date thermal insulation. Fire protection Neopor insulating materials are produced in accordance with the requirements of European standard DIN EN 13163 and are categorized in Euroclass E in accordance with DIN EN 135011 and B1 in accordance with DIN 4102. Advantages using 1 m 2 thermal insulation composite system Environmental burden (standardized) 0.7 1.0 Mineral fibers High eco-efficiency Neopor Styropor Low eco-efficiency 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.7 Costs (standardized) Alternatives considered: Neopor Styropor Mineral fibers Eco-efficiency analysis of thermal insulation composite systems in the example of the threeliter house in the Brunck district of Ludwigshafen in 2000, confirmed by the Öko-Institut in Freiburg, Germany, and by TÜV (German Technical Inspection Agency). 16
Key Data of Neopor Insulation Materials Properties Unit Key DIN EN 13163 Test results Standard Thermal conductivity (measured value at 10 C) Compressive stress at 10% compression W/(m K) --- 0.032 0.031 0.030 DIN EN 12667 kpa CS(10) 60 90 100 120 150 200 DIN EN 826 Tensile strength kpa TR 100 150 200 DIN EN 1607 Flexural strength kpa BS 100 100 150 DIN EN 12089 Dimensional stability 23 C; 90% RH % DS(TH) 1 1 1 DIN EN 1604 Fire behavior Euroclass --- E E E DIN EN 13501-1 Water absorption on long-term immersion Water vapor diffusion resistance index Application limiting temperature Chemical resistance Biological behavior --- --- B1 B1 B1 DIN 4102 Vol. % WL(T) --- 3 3 DIN EN 12087 --- MU 30 70 40 100 40 100 DIN EN 12086 C --- 80 80 80 --- Insensitive to water, the majority of acids and alkalis, sensitive to organic solvents No harmful effects on health known Please note: The technical and physical features given in the table are guidelines for Neopor insulating materials. The figures and properties may vary depending on processing. 17Key Data of Neopor Insulation Materials
References: Low-Energy Houses in Europe Are Testimony to the Quality of BASF Technologies in Thermal Insulation BASF and its partners in practice offer proven and easy-to-use solutions to increase the energy efficiency of all kinds of buildings. The high performance and energy efficiency as well as the environmental advantages of the technologies of BASF and its partners in the construction industry are demonstrated by a wide variety of low-energy houses. BASF Projects in the Field of Energy Efficiency Zero-heating Cost House in Ludwigshafen, Germany Energy consumption reduced to technical-economic optimum In view of rising energy prices, a zero-heating cost house can represent the optimum investment. LUWOGE, BASF s housing company, has developed a concept that reduces overall energy costs to a minimun. A thermal insulation composite system with Neopor insulating boards is used so that the building incurs the minimum heating costs. The energy for power, hot water, and heating the house is produced by using regenerative energy sources. The generated costs savings can be used for refinancing. Bâtiment Génération E Fontenay-sous-Bois, France An entire renovation clearly reduces energy consumption BASF s know-how of building energy-efficiently with innovative materials is proving its worth in France. After a complete renovation, the Bâtiment Génération E, a villa in Fontenay-sous-Bois, uses less than 50 kw/h instead of 400 kw/h per square meter. This reduction in energy consumption was mainly due to Neopor insulating materials, which were used to insulate walls, roof, floors, and ceilings. Styrodur C was utilized for the perimeter insulation. 18
Apartment Building Lucerne, Switzerland Heating energy consumption reduced by 90% Modern architecture, a high level of luxury, and low energy consumption can be combined, as Anliker AG from Lucerne (Switzerland) has demonstrated. They constructed the first apartment buildings in Switzerland of passive house standard at the Wohnanlage Konstanz in Rothenburg/Lucerne with several types of houses, which won the first Swiss building prize sponsored by the Solar Agentur Foundation. BASF contributed to this success with Neopor insulating materials, an expandable polystyrene that insulates the facades of all buildings in the development. Coupled with other measures, it was possible to reduce heating energy consumption by 90% in comparison to a conventionally built house. Three-liter House Rome, Italy Marketable low-energy solution for Italy The building follows the Italian construction tradition, but with just three liters of oil or 30 kwh per square meter, it boasts an annual heat consumption of at least 80% below the Italian average. This was achieved by a comprehensive insulation approach, using Styrodur C in the perimeter insulation and Neopor insulating boards for the external thermal insulation composite system as well as for the roof and solid-borne sound insulation. The Micronal PCM plaster regulates the internal temperature, which remains pleasant even on the hottest days, without having to use a cooling system. The result is a marketable low-energy solution for Italy, which provides luxury conditions 365 days a year. Nottingham University Creative Energy Home Initiative, England The Creative Energy Homes project The Creative Energy Homes project is a showcase of innovative, state-of-the-art, energy-efficient homes of the future, built on the University Park in Nottingham, England. Five houses will be designed and constructed according to various degrees of innovation and flexibility to allow the testing of different aspects of modern construction methods. The project aims to stimulate sustainable design ideas and promote new ways of providing affordable, and environmentally sustainable housing with an innovative design. The BASF House is being built on Plot 3, at the University Park in Nottingham. This structure is designed to meet Sustainable Homes Code Level 5. 19BASF Projects in the Field of Energy Efficiency
Further information on Neopor Brochure: Neopor Innovation in Insulation Brochure: Building and Modernizing with Neopor KTFN 1004 BE 05.010 GENERAL ENGLISH VERSION Brochure: Passive House Brochure: Fast & Easy Construction with Insulating Concrete Forms (ICF) Brochure: Wall Insulation Brochure: Roof Insulation Neopor film: Innovation in Insulation Website: www.neopor.de Neopor: Product sample folder Note The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. In view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our product, these data do not relieve processors from carrying out own investigations and tests; neither do these data imply any guarantee of certain properties, nor the suitability of the product for a specific purpose. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights etc. given herein may change without prior information and do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our products to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed. (May 010) = registered trademark of BASF SE BASF SE 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany www.neopor.de