ABS House 45 Benjamin Way, Belconnen ACT 29 November 2010 The Water Account Australia 2008-09: Background and Main Findings
Background 4 th ABS Water Account Australia Last release 28 November 2006 Changes since last time Adoption of the SEEA-Water 2007 Water Act 2007 The Water Account Australia is part of a developing program of environmental-economic accounts at the ABS
Information silos Data developed to answer one particular question or problem Difficult to figure out if all information is included Not always easy to see the whole picture, or how it relates to other things Source: Julie Hass, Statistics Norway
Environmental-Economic Accounting Help to make sense of the larger picture Help to identify pieces that are missing Can make connections to other statistics - especially economic statistics Source: Julie Hass, Statistics Norway
Advice Research Audiences for information Indicators and accounts Data users Decision makers & wider public Is there an issue Yes Managers and analysts Researchers Indicators Analysis SEEA-W Standard tables Supplementary tables Data items Information Headline indicators Indicators on specific subjects or industries
SEEA-Water Atmosphere Economy and environment Stocks and flows upstream basins and aquifers outside the territory of reference Inflows Precipitation Surface water (reservoirs, lakes, rivers, snow, ice and glaciers) Inland Water Resource System Natural transfers (e.g. infiltration, seepage, etc.) Groundwater Soil water Evapotranspiration Outflows downstream basins and aquifers outside the territory of reference Monetary and physical Sea Abstraction Collection of precipitation Abstraction Returns Evapotranspiration Returns Sea Pollution Households Sewerage Returns Water quality Rest of the World Economy Imports Water collection, treatment and supply Economy Other Industries (incl. Agriculture) Exports Rest of the World Economy
12 Standard Tables of SEEA-Water 1. Physical supply 2. Physical use ABS 3. Gross and net emissions (of pollution) 4. Emissions (of pollution) by Sewerage Industry (ISIC 37) 5. Hybrid (Monetary and Physical) supply 6. Hybrid use 7. Hybrid supply and use ABS 8. Hybrid water supply and sewerage for own use 9. Government accounts for water related collective consumption services (Monetary) 10. National expenditure for waste management (Monetary) 11. Financial accounts for waste water management (Monetary) 12. Asset account (Physical) BoM Plus 12 Supplementary tables
Uses of water accounts Source of pressure on water resources: Macro trends in total water use, emissions, water use by natural source and purpose, etc. Decoupling economic growth and water use, pollution Industry-level trends: indicators used for environmental-economic profiles Technology and driving forces: water intensity/productivity and total (domestic) water requirements to meet final demand Modelling. E.g. projections of future water needs, impact of reduced water availability on economic activity or environmental health
Data sources for the Water Account Australia ABS surveys Other Water Supply Survey Agricultural Survey Annual Integrated Collection (of Mining, Manufacturing and other industries) Electricity Generators Survey of Water Use Household surveys (March Labour Force Supp. Survey) National performance reports (NWC and water associations) Data from Commonwealth and State/territory governments Annual reports of companies Research
Main findings Water consumption down 25% since 2004-05, from 18,767 GL to 14,101 GL 38% fall in agriculture 12,191 GL to 7,589 GL Large falls in cotton, rice, dairy pasture and sugar Value of distributed water supplied is up nearly $2 billion (56%), from $3.5 billion to $5.5 billion Household paying $927 million extra Businesses paying $994 million extra Average price of water nearly doubled from $0.40/kL to 0.78/kL Household pay the highest average price $1.93/kL Agriculture pays the lowest average price $0.12/kL
Main findings, cont. Industry valued added per GL is up $41 million/gl or 76% from $54 million/gl to $95million/GL Largest increase in IVA mining of $129 million/gl or 133% ($97 m to $226m /GL) Agriculture up 77% from $2.2 million/glto $3.9 million/gl Gross value of irrigated agricultural production up 13% or $1.4 billion from $10.6 to $12 billion GVIAP is 29% of the total gross value of agricultural production (almost unchanged since 2004-05 when it was 30%) GVIAP peaked in 2006-07 at $12.5 billion and 35% of total gross value of Agriculture production
Climate A1.1 ANNUAL RAINFALL 1992-93 TO 2008-09 Rainfall (mm) 800 600 400 200 1992 93 1996 97 2000 01 2004 05 2008 09 Financial Year 2008-09 2004-05 Source: Bureau of Meteorology 2009 0
Australian water consumption by industries and households Water consumption ML (1,000 m3) 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2004-05 2008-09 Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity Water supply Other industry Household Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09 -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Household Other industry Water supply Electricity Manufacturing Mining Agriculture
Agricultural activity 2000 1800 1600 2004-05 2008-09 1400 1200 GL 1000 800 600 400 200 0 Cereals for grain/seed Cotton Rice Sugar cane Fruit and nuts Grapes Vegetables for human consumption and seed Dairy pasture Other agricultural water use
Water consumption by State 7000 6000 2004-05 2008-09 5000 4000 GL 3000 2000 Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09 1000 ACT 0 NSW Vic. Qld SA WA Tas. NT ACT NT Tas. WA SA Qld Vic. NSW -50% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20%
Gross State Product per GL 140 120 2004-05 2008-09 100 80 kl 60 40 20 0 Australia NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT = $384m/GL in 2005-05 and $536m/GL in 2008-09
Industry gross value added per GL of water consumption 800 700 2004-05 2008-09 $million per GL 600 500 400 300 From 54 $m/gl in 2004-05 to 95 $m/gl in 2008-09 200 100 0 All industries Mining Manufacturing Electricity Water supply All other industries Agriculture
Key Wastewater Water Reuse water Australia physical water supply and use, 2008-09 (GL) 79 Sewerage Water Supply 103 7 27 9 87 2 3267 143 339 228 944 1594 Agriculture Mining Manufacturing* Electricity Other industries Households 3626 715 336 44841 320 172 9336 33 515 334 12 44484 93 722 Inland Water Resources The Sea * Note shown is the supply of distributed water and reuse water by mining and manufacturing, 25 GL in total. 1163
Key Wastewater Water Reuse water Australia monetary water supply and use, 2008-09 (million AUD$) 7 Sewerage ISIC 37 21 208 6 1406 3316 Water Supply ISIC 36 3 406 153 490 77 1229 3074 Agriculture ISIC 1 Mining* ISIC 5-9 Manufacturing* ISIC 10-33 Electricity ISIC 35 Other ISIC 2,3,38,39, 45-99 Households Inland Water Resources The Sea * Note shown is the supply of distributed water and reuse water by mining and manufacturing, 25 GL in total. No monetary available for these.
Monetary vs. physical use of distributed water (% of total use) 2008-09 Households All other Industries Electricity Water Supply Manufacturing Mining Agriculture Value of water Volume of water 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Australian average water prices for industry and households $/kl $2.50 Households $1.93/kL 2004-05 2008-09 $2.00 Agriculture $0.12/kL Average price per kl $1.50 $1.00 $0.50 $- Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity Water supply Other industries Households Aust. Average Aust. Average $0.78/kL
Per capita household water consumption 250 200 2000-01 2004-05 2008-09 150 kl 100 50 0 Australia NSW Vic Qld SA WA Tas NT ACT
Some problems in compilation of the water account Classification of units to industry in the case of multiple activities and multiple sites. Industry classifications used by water suppliers and others does not follow ANZSIC Multiple data collections and poor coordination of data sharing Many units supplying water or sewerage services are operated by government and data on this specific aspect of services are difficult to separately identify Spatial referencing economic data is related to enterprises and there is generally poor spatial referencing (usually to post code) Estimation of losses in distribution Recording of the flows for use of water in hydro-electricity and water for cooling Definition and reporting of environment flows
Issues Timeliness data available 17 months after reference period Higher quality regional data are needed Greater disaggregation of industry data Surface and groundwater splits Data sources are changing (in general improving but still not stable) Understanding what and when we can get from other data providers (and especially BoM and NWC) Development and application of water accounting standards at business, state, national and international levels Appropriate valuation of water and water infrastructure assets Better integration of environmental, social and economic data
An Integrated Environmental- Economic Information System for Australia researchers Socio-economic Bio-physical Treasury, ABS, ABARE, PC, PM&C, DRET, state/territory, etc DEWHA, BoM, DCCEE, Geoscience Australia, MDBA, BRS, CSIRO, state/territory, etc Some agencies and researchers operate across both spaces
ABS Proposed plan for Integrated Environmental- Economic Account http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/4655.0.55.001 Water Account (29 November 2010) Assist others (e.g. BoM, Victorian government, others) Energy Account (June 2011) Land Account (Pilot February 2011) Integrated Environmental - Economic Accounts National Accounts Data Waste Account (2011) EPE Account (2012) Environment Industry Account ( Green Economy ) (2014)
Thank you to everyone outside of ABS that has assisted us Thank you to the ABS team Thank you for listening Contact details Dr. Michael Vardon Director Centre of Environment and Energy Statistics michael.vardon@abs.gov.au
Rainfall in Australia A1.1 ANNUAL RAINFALL 1992-93 TO 2008-09 Rainfall (mm) 800 600 400 200 1992 93 1996 97 2000 01 2004 05 2008 09 Financial Year Source: Bureau of Meteorology 2009 0
% Annual Rainfall 2008-09 Water consumption Percentage change 2004-05 to 2008-09 -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% Household Other industry Water supply Electricity Manufacturing Mining Agriculture % Annual Rainfall 2004-05 Water consumption ML (1,000 m3) 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2004-05 2008-09 Agriculture Mining Manufacturing Electricity Water supply Other industry Household
Water consumption by State ACT NT Tas. WA SA Qld Vic. NSW -50% -40% -30% -20% -10% 0% 10% 20% 7000 6000 2004-05 2008-09 5000 4000 GL 3000 2000 1000 0 NSW Vic. Qld SA WA Tas. NT ACT
Australian water consumption by industries and households Agriculture Forestry and fishing(a) Mining Manufacturing Electricity and gas supply Water supply(b) Other(c) Household 2008 09 2004 05 0 2500 5000 7500 10000 12500 GL