Vietnam s Experience Towards REDD Readiness Vu Tan Phuong Research Centre for Forest Ecology & Environment Hoang Minh Ha ICRAF Vietnam Nairobi, 17 November 2009
Contents Overview of forestry in Vietnam Vietnam s experiences Opportunities and Challenges
Overview of forestry in Vietnam (1) Forest area & distribution (MARD 2008): Total: 13 Mha (38%) 80% is natural forests Mainly in NE, CH & NC 14.00 12.00 13.08 Total Natural Planted 10.00 8.00 6.00 4.00 3.33 2.69 2.92 1.54 1.79 2.00 0.71 0.10 0.00 Whole country North west North east Red River North central South central Central highland Mekong River
Forest cover (%) Overview of forestry in Vietnam (2) Forest cover change, 1943-2008 60 55 50 45 43 43 47 40 38 Forest cover in 1943 35 30 34 32 30 28 28 32 25 20 1943 1976 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2008 2010 2020 Year Forest cover in 1995
Overview of forestry in Vietnam (3) Forest use purposes: Production forests: Area: 6.2 Mha Use: Timber, pulp, chip wood Protection forests: Area: 4.7 Mha Use: protection of watershed, coastal areas & environment Special uses forests: Area: 2.0 Mha Use: Biodiversity conservation Protected and national parks (32 national parks)
Overview of forestry in Vietnam (4) Forest ownership in 2008 Others; 4% Army; 2% Communities; 1% State Enterprises; 16% Not yet allocated; 19% Households; 24% Forest Management Board; 34%
Export value in million USD Overview of forestry in Vietnam (5) Export value of wood products 3000 Export value of wood products 2,600 Wood processing is going rather fast; However, the materials are mainly imported; 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 1,570 1,034 65 1996 2004 2005 2008 Year Source: MARD, 2008
Overview of forestry in Vietnam (6) GHG emission by sectors in 1994 First National Communication report in 1994 Second National Communication Report being prepared (2010) Use IPCC guidelines (Tier 1) Energy, 24.7% Industry processes, 3.7% Wastes, 2.5% LULUCF, 18.6% Agriculture, 50.5% Source: MONRE, 2000
Vietnam s experiences (1) Legal base related to REDD & CC: Law on Forest Protection & Development 2004 (carbon benefits of the forests); Forest Development Strategy until 2020 (2007), emphasizes forest environmental services. National Target Program to Respond to Climate Change (NTP-RCC) (2008). MARD s Action Plan Framework -APF (2007) to respond to CC; Piloting policy on PES and Decree on PES being formulated (focus on environmental services)
Vietnam s experiences (2) Proposed National REDD Strategy REDD is a part of National Climate Mitigation Strategy Objectives: Reduce emission from deforestation & forest degradation; Promote socio-economic development and poverty alleviation in forestry areas
Vietnam s experiences (3) Institutional arrangement: A National Steering Committee (MONRE, MARD, other line ministries) to respond to CC and chaired by Prime Minister; MARD s Steering Committee chaired by Minister to coordinate implementation of Action Plan Framework (APF) to response to CC; MARD established REDD Technical Working Group to provide technical support; CC Network among Gov and NGOs chaired by CARE; CC- Public and private partnership (Ford Foundation);
Vietnam s experiences (4) Donor coordination: Organized Donor coordination meetings; Prepared an institutional donors matrix to mobilize the support from potential partners and to avoid overlap and conflicts; Discussed and coordinated specific types of support with ongoing foreign-supported projects including: GTZ SFM Prog, ADB-FLITCH, Finland, ARBCP, etc.; Established Ambassadors Climate change Forum;
Vietnam s experiences (5) Capacity building: Organized numerous national and regional technical trainings, workshops (AR CDM; REDD; Carbon measurement; application of remote sensing etc) Awareness raising for all concerned ministries, localities regarding CC Public awareness raising through mass media and E-Environmental forums; contests; Improved international negotiation skills for focal point and CC delegates;
Vietnam s experiences (6) Implementing REDD related projects: Capacity building for AR CDM, Jica funded 2006-2008 Analysis of forest area change, Jica funded 2007 2008 Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Degradation: Alternative Land Uses in Rainforest of the Tropics (REDD-ALERT), EU funded 2009 2012 UN-REDD of Vietnam (readiness phase), 2009-2010 Analysis of feasible land use models for REDD related program, Jica funded 2009-2010 Volunteer carbon payment (NGOs, private companies)
Opportunities and Challenges (1) Opportunities: Strong political support and legal base for forest conservation; Alignment of the interests of multiple constituencies, ongoing programs and strategies Comply with current national PFES policy: REDD= carbon sequestration will be included as a key environmental service under the new PFES decree; Bring co-benefits: emissions reductions + improved biodiversity conservation + improved local livelihoods; Improved forest governance and capacity of the forest administration systems;
Opportunities and Challenges (2) Challenges: REDD requires a new level of forest governance, thus need re-framing forest policy Inadequate data for development of baseline/reference and measurement of carbon stock: National Forest Inventory is not primarily designed for REDD; Inconsistency in forest definition, land use classification (NFI & GDLA) Insufficient capacity for MRV, especially local levels Lack of close coordination for data discrepancy and sharing Insufficient financing support to shift drivers of deforestation and degradation
Thank you For further information, please contact: Vu Tan Phuong Director Research Centre for Forest Ecology & Environment (RCFEE) Tel.: +844 37550801 Fax.: +844 38389434 http//:www.rcfee.org.vn email: phuong.vt@rcfee.org.vn