Update on U.S. Oil and Gas Proved Reserves, Highlighting the Contribution of the Williston Basin Steven G. Grape Energy Information Administration Office of Oil and Gas Reserves & Production Division Dallas, Texas
2004 Energy Flow Diagram Quadrillions of BTU
U.S. Energy Production and Consumption 100.3 70.5
1 Quadrillion 1 x 10 15 BTUs EQUALS 49 Million Short Tons of Coal 971 BCF of Natural Gas 172 Million Barrels of Oil 7.8 Million Pounds of Uranium Fuel in LWR* Based on 2003 fuel usage statistics. Light water reactor, open cycle system, no reprocessing of spent fuel. Approximately 286 short tons of Uranium Ore is required to refine each ton of Uranium Fuel pellets in the United States.
Energy Consumption by Major Fuel Type 40.6 Oil 23.1 Gas 22.4 Coal 8.2 Nuke 2.8 Wood 2.7 Hydro
Sources of Crude Oil Consumption (Natural gas liquids not included)
36% of Oil Consumed is produced Domestically 85% of Natural Gas Consumed is Domestic 100% of Coal Consumed is Domestic (the U.S. is a net exporter of coal) 5% of Uranium Fuel Consumed is Domestic 100% of Hydroelectric, Wood, Wind, and Solar (of course)
22.6 Coal Energy Production by Major Fuel Source Electricity only, Transportation Excluded! 19.3 Gas 11.5 Oil 8.2 Nuke 2.4 NGPL
U.S. Electricity Production, 2004 Conventional Hydroelectric Power 3.9% Nuclear Electric Power 11.7% Natural Gas Plant Liquids 3.5% Wind 0.2% Solar 0.1% Geothermal 0.5% Wood, Waste, Alcohol 4.0% Coal 32.2% Coal Crude Oil Natural Gas Natural Gas Plant Liquids Nuclear Electric Power Conventional Hydroelectric Power Wood, Waste, Alcohol Geothermal Solar Natural Gas 27.5% Crude Oil 16.4% Wind
Proved Reserves Subset of Discovered Resources
U.S. Crude Oil Proved Reserves and Production, 1945-2004 50.0 5.0 45.0 Alaskan North Slope Oil In 1970 Reserves Peak 4.5 Production Peak? 40.0 4.0 Oil Reserves Billion Barrels 35.0 30.0 25.0 20.0 15.0 WWII Ends Second Production Peak? 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 Annual Production Billion Barrels 10.0 U.S. Reserves adjusted Lower 48 Reserves 1998 Price Drop 1.0 5.0 U.S. Production Lower 48 Production 0.5 0.0 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 0.0
Lower 48 Crude Oil Reserves & Production 40 Peak Reserves 1959 Peak Production 1970 4.0 35 3.5 Crude Oil Reserves Billion Barrels 30 25 20 15 10 5 Lower 48 Reserves Lower 48 Production 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 Crude Oil Annual Production Billion Barrels 0 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 0.0
U.S. Natural Gas Proved Reserves and Production, 1945-2004 300 Peak 1967 30 250 World War II ends Alaska North Slope Gas In Reserve Decline Flattens - 1978 (High Gas Prices & Drilling) 25 Proved Reserves - Trillion Cubic Feet 200 150 100 Growth of Interstate Pipeline System and Gas Markets Production Increasing Reserves Increase 9 of last 10 years 20 15 10 Production - Trillion Cubic Feet Most of Alaska North Slope Gas Out (Poor Economics) 50 5 Reserves Production 0 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 0
Lower 48 Dry Gas Reserves & Production, 1945-2004 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1945 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Lower 48 Dry Gas Reserves Trillion Cubic Feet Lower 48 Dry Gas Production Trillion Cubic Feet Lower 48 Reserves Lower 48 Prod (Dry)
Oil Proved Ultimate Recovery 250 200 Cumulative Production Proved Reserves Ultimate Recovery Billions of Barrels 150 100 50 0 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04
Gas Proved Ultimate Recovery 1,400 1,200 Cumulative Production Proved Reserves Ultimate Recovery 1,000 Trillions of Cubic Feet 800 600 400 200 0 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04
Data From The Recent Decade
U.S. Crude Oil Proved Reserves 25 U.S. Total 25 20 20 Crude Oil, Billions of Barrels 15 10 5 Alaska Lower 48 Onshore 15 10 5 Lower 48 Offshore 0 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Crude Oil Proved Reserves
Changes in Crude Oil Proved Reserves
Components of Crude Oil Proved Reserves 4 3 Extensions New Fields New Reservoirs Production Net Revisions & Adjustments Net Acquisitions & Sales Net Reserves Changes 4 3 Crude Oil, Billion Barrels 2 1 0-1 2 1 0-1 -2-2 -3 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004-3
Replacement of Crude Oil Production 160% 140% 137% Percentage of U.S. Crude Oil Production Replaced 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 78% 95% 85% 125% 24% 121% 115% 112% 58% 71% 20% 0% 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
U.S. Dry Natural Gas Proved Reserves 200 200 180 U.S. Total 180 Dry Natural Gas, Trillion Cubic Feet 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 Lower 48 Onshore Lower 48 Offshore 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 Alaska 20 0 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Dry Gas Proved Reserves
Changes in Dry Gas Proved Reserves
Components of Dry Natural Gas Proved Reserves 45 30 Extensions New Fields New Reservoirs Production Net Revisions & Adjustments Net Acquisitions & Sales Net Reserves Changes 45 30 Dry Natural Gas, Trillion Cubic Feet 15 0 15 0-15 -15-30 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004-30
Replacement of Dry Natural Gas Production 160% 152% 140% 131% Percentage of U.S. Gas Production Replaced 120% 100% 80% 60% 40% 108% 107% 107% 104% 83% 118% 118% 118% 111% 20% 0% 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Largest Basin in Western U.S.
Map of Producing Fields of the Williston Basin (MT, ND Border Area)
Crude Oil Proved Reserves in the Williston Basin
Components of Crude Oil Reserves Changes in Williston Basin
State Percentages of U.S. Oil Production
U.S. Oil Production by State, 1977-2004
U.S. Oil Production by State, 1977-2004 (Zoomed In)
Montana and North Dakota Oil Production, 1977-2005
Percentages of U.S. Gas Production
U.S. Wet Gas Production by State, 1977-2004
U.S. Wet Gas Production by State, 1977-2004 (Zoomed In)
Map of Williston Basin Fields with Bakken Listed as a Reservoir Montana Side Data on 29 Fields 33 Locations North Dakota Side Data on 41 Fields 81 Locations
Oil Reserves Data from 70 Identified Fields with Bakken listed as a Reservoir
Current Top Producing Field in the Bakken Formation ELM COULEE FIELD
Almost Half of Montana s 2005 Oil Production
Top 100 U.S. Oil Fields ELM COULEE FIELD Rocketing Up the Chart! #48 in 2004 Up into the Top 20 in 2005!
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