The Project: Who? Why? What? Ludwig Karg B.A.U.M. Consult GmbH (Leadpartner)

Future under construction 2

When is a good moment for the turn? Now! 3

Goals are set 2 2 t 2 m 4

A new era of energies era of fire era of power 5

The Future of Energy Supply Nuclear Water Natural Gas Coal Geothermal Solar Wind Biomass triangle of hope volatile & decentral Oil 6

Generation exceeding Consumption consumption solar water biogas Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 7

Adapting Consumption to Generation consumption solar water biogas Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 8

Curtailment consumption solar water biogas Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 9

Flexible Production consumption solar water biogas Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 10

plus Storage consumption solar water biogas Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 11

Regional Value Added material and energy flow financial flow potentials 12

Ancestors and Successors??? 13

AlpStore Project Regions 15

AlpStore Project Brief Topic: Consortium: Supporters: Budget: Funding: Strategies to use a variety of mobile and stationary storages to allow for extended accessibility and the integration of renewable energies 20 partners and subcontractors in all 7 Alpine Countries (Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, France, Slovenia and Liechtenstein) over 70 formal observers 3,3 Mio EUR 76 % from ERDF/ Alpine Space Programme 24 % national funds Runtime: July 2012 through April 2015 Leadpartner: B.A.U.M. Consult GmbH, München alpstore@baumgroup.de 16

Kickoff in Jezersko in Slovenia 17

A dynamic team with lots of energy 18

A dynamic team with lots of energy 19

Energy Pathways and Storage 20

Cross Energy Carrier Synergies power grids gas grids heat grids mobility networks 21

Use Cases for Storage Storage as part of energy management on properties (home, enterprise, district) Storage as a means to better manage regional energy supply Mobile storage (electric vehicles) as a means of balancing the elctricity grid 22

Energy Pathways and Storage 23

Stationary and Mobile Batteries Smart Homes Smart Factories Smart Mobility Smart Grids 24

My Home My Energy System? grid parity of PV! decentral energy management energy autarky? 25

Smart Buildings on Smart Grids 26

Electric Mobility G2V + V2G = V4G 27

Second Live Batteries from Electric Vehicles Battery Value electric vehicle batteries stationary batteries: home solutions E-bike charge spots 25.02.2015 AlpStore Project Information - Ludwig Karg, B.A.U.M. 28 Consult München / Berlin

Energy Pathways 29

Pump Stores and Hydropower Local balancing of renewable generation Transnational solutions Compatibility with nature and tourism aspects 30

Energy Pathways 31

Biogas Balancing fluctuating generation with biogas CHPs? Optimal capacity of gas store? Additional heat store? Raw biogas for heating? Biogas in vehicles? 32

Energy Pathways 33

Power to Gas: Hydrogen and Methane electricity H 2 CO 2 + H 2 O O 2 + > CH 4 Gas Storage Electricity Mobility Heat Products 34

Storing in the gas grid 35

Energy Pathways 36

Compressed Air Availability of technology? Storage in salt dome caverns? Flexibility of compressed air in production facilities? 37

Storage periods and market availability (revised version M. Stöhr) state of art Field test fields of application mature Market launch D&D developed R&D research storage period pumped-hydro lead-acid batteries hot water Li-ion batteries high temperature heat flywheels hydrogen/ power-to-gas compressed air energy storage chemicals redox-flow batteries 1 second 1 minute 1 hour 1 day 1 week 1 month power quality & frequency control peak shaving short-term storage seasonal storage island self-sufficient 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Technology readiness level (TRL) thermal storage system batteries mechanical energy storage chemical energy storage 38

Opportunities for the Suppliers of Today and Tomorrow Energy Supplier Energy Supplier plus Service Provider 39

Storage needs and options Do we need storage for using renewable energies? Do we rather need short-term or long-term storage? Since storing creates losses: does it make sense at all? Can pumped hydropower meet long-term storage needs? Is power-to-heat a solution for the near future? Can storage optimize energy management in buildings? What could reasons be to deploy storage today? To what extent can batteries foster local energy autarky? 40

Storage needs and options Do we need storage for using renewable energies? Do we rather need short-term or long-term storage? Since storing creates the more losses: intelligence does in it the make grid sense the less at demand all? Can pumped hydropower for storage meet long-term storage needs? Is power-to-heat empasis a solution on demand for the sidenear management future? for < 40 % renewable energy in the grid Can storage optimize energy management in buildings? long term storage need with > 80 % renewables What could reasons be to deploy storage today? Don t stop renewables until more and cheaper To what extent can batteries foster local energy autarky? storage storage technology will be availaible. 41

Storage needs and options Do we need increased storage supply for security using renewable energies? more cost effective electricity supply Do we rather need short-term or long-term storage? renewables with storage below electricity purchase tariffs Since storing creates losses: does it make sense at all? cutting power peaks, thus saving electricity purchase costs Can pumped hydropower meet long-term storage needs? stabilization of electric grid Is power-to-heat a solution for the near future? postponing grid reinforcement and deferral of investments obtaining experience with new storage technology Can storage optimize energy management in buildings? What could reasons be to deploy storage today? To what extent can batteries foster local energy autarky? 42

Storage needs and options Do we need storage for using renewable energies? absolute or relative energy autarky? Do we rather need short-term or long-term storage? full autarky desirable in cases of emergency Since storing creates losses: does it make sense at all? Can pumped hydropower meet long-term storage needs? Is power-to-heat a solution for the near future? Can storage optimize energy management in buildings? What could reasons be to deploy storage today? To what extent can batteries foster local energy autarky? 43

Readiness of technology Which technologies are mature and cost-effective? What is the price perspective of batteries? Could flywheels provide options for medium and long-term storage? To what extent can biogas meet the regional energy demand? When will be power-to-gas an option? 44

Readiness of technology Which technologies are mature and cost-effective? What is the price perspective of batteries? Could flywheels provide options for medium further and significant long-term cost storage? To decrease what extent expected can biogas meet the (for self-supply: 10 ct/kwh in regional energy demand? 2020 and 5 ct/kwh in 2030) When will be power-to-gas an option? Allgäu: batteries in private homes 46

Readiness of technology Which technologies are mature and few percent in total, cost-effective? locally significantly higher What is the price perspective of equip with gas and heat batteries? stores! Could flywheels provide options for medium and long-term storage? To what extent can biogas meet the regional energy demand? When will be power-to-gas an option? Güssing: 100 % 47

Mobility and storage Are fully electric and hybrid vehicles an option for sustainable mobility? Which actions will drive the take up of an electric mobility plan? Can batteries of electric vehicles be used to store excess power from wind and PV? Will charging electric vehicles jeopardize grid stability and energy supply? Are there long-term sustainable alternatives to electric mobility? 48

Mobility and storage Are fully electric and hybrid vehicles an option for sustainable mobility? Which actions will drive the take up of an electric mobility plan? Can batteries of electric vehicles be used to introduce in vehicle fleets! store excess power from wind and PV? offer advantages such as free Will charging electric vehicles jeopardize parking at electric vehicle grid stability and energy supply? charging stations Are there long-term sustainable alternatives to electric mobility? Brescia: network of charging stations 49

Mobility and storage Are same fully as electric any household and hybrid appliance vehicles an option for sustainable mobility? no fast charging on private sites! Which actions will drive the take up of an controlled charging! electric mobility plan? Can batteries of electric Mantova: vehicles extra be storage used to store excess power from wind withand fast chargers! PV? Will charging electric vehicles jeopardize grid stability and energy supply? Are there long-term sustainable alternatives to electric mobility? 50

Mobility and storage Are fully electric and hybrid vehicles an option for sustainable gas driven mobility? cars an option with power-to-gas Which actions will hydrogen drive the mobility take up of an electric mobility plan? quickly evolving Will charging electric vehicles jeopardize grid stability and energy supply? Belfort: getting out of lab Can batteries of electric with vehicles hydrogen! be used to store excess power from wind and PV? Are there long-term sustainable alternatives to electric mobility? 51

Environmental impacts Is there a recycling option for batteries? Will there be enough natural resources to build batteries? Can batteries receive a second life? Does biogas storage smell and inadvertently hassle its neighbourhood? Is there a danger for natural or biogas stores to explode? 52

Environmental impacts Is there a recycling option for batteries? only in cases of malfunction Will there be enough natural resources to better handling and storage of the build batteries? substrate strongly reduces the problem Can batteries receive a second life? Does biogas storage smell and inadvertently hassle its neighbourhood? Is there a danger for natural or biogas stores to explode? 53

Regional benefits To what extent can renewable energies and local storage foster the economy in a region? How can local SME`s benefit from storage development and deployment? Are there specific relations between energy storage and tourism? Which links exist between energy storage and health? 54

Regional benefits To what extent can renewable energies and local storage foster the economy in a region? How can local SME`s benefit from storage value creation relocated development and deployment? into the region Are there specific relations between enterprises to optimise energy storage and tourism? their energy purchase Which links exist between energy storage SME to benefit from and health? storage development and deployment EuroImpresa: TechnoCity Energy Area Manager 55

Regional benefits To underlining what extent the can sustainability renewable of energies and touristic local storage offeringsfoster the economy in a region? Baedeker: travel guide to How RE can installations local SME`s benefit from storage development and deployment? Oberstdorf Tourism: support for PVStore plus E-bike Are there specific relations between energy storage and tourism? Which links exist between energy storage and health? 56

Communication aspects How can I motivate fellow politicians to support the local energy transition? How can we make energy storage attractive for energy suppliers and grid operators? What are means to make consumers interested in storage technologies? Where do I find latest information on storage topics? 57

Communication aspects How can I motivate Self-supply fellow with politicians RE maximised to by storage saves support the local electricity energy purchase transition? costs. How can we make storage energy visible! storage attractive for energy suppliers and grid operators? Grafing: visible power-to-heat tank What are means to make consumers interested in storage technologies? Where do I find latest information on storage topics? 59

Decision process How can we change the framework conditions on a local or regional level? Can a self-sufficient regional energy system be implemented without subsidies? 60

Decision process How can we change the framework conditions on a local or regional level? Can a self-sufficient regional energy system be implemented without subsidies? Yes, it can with citizen involvement 61

Joining Forces citizens local government public administration 62

STORM 63

Smart Storage and Mobility A model to develop and decide upon holistic solutions to increase regional RES supply and outbalance volatility with appropriate buffering means. 64

Who shall use STORM? Local and regional power suppliers and grid operators Planning departments in local and regional administrations Investors and regional business entities Scientific institutes 65

STORM Workflow investigate future regional generation and consumption patterns investigate storage needs and assess regional storage potential create a master plan for RES use and storage until 2030 develop a pilot installation to start implementation of master plan 66

Work Process and Key Deliverables 2012 Desk Research National Frameworks 2013 2014 Public Relations Evaluation Regional Masterplans Pilot Implementations Assessment and Dissemination White Book STORM Guideline with Case Studies 67

Results of AlpStore White Book Guidelines for Decision Makers Guidelines for Planners and Practitioners Case Studies on Pilot Implementations (local language) Regional Storage Masterplans Videos on Regional and Technological Approaches (local language) Study for Academia 68

L.Karg@baumgroup.de